January 28, 
100 
APPLES FOR WISCONSIN. 
O. E., Green Bay, 11is.— I would like an 
opinion as to quality and adaptability to 
the climate of Green Bay, Wis., of the fol¬ 
lowing apples, soil being clay, with quite a 
slope to the east: Wilson Red June (for 
filler), Delicious (for main crop), King 
David (for main crop), Senator, Stayman, 
Grimes, Magnet. 1 would like to find some 
sorts of apples to be grown by up-to-date 
methods for fancy trade. 
Ans.— All of the varieties mentioned 
in this list are good, and I may say 
very good. Delicious and Grimes are 
of the very highest character in quality, 
and are also good bearers over the en¬ 
tire apple growing regions. The only 
question in my mind about planting all 
of those named is that of adaptability 
to the climate of Wisconsin. It is too 
cold I fear. Just across Lake Michigan, 
to the eastward, there would be no 
question of thip kind, for the lakie 
has a very ameliorating effect on the 
climate, but on the western shore the 
cold winds from the prairie - regions to 
the northwest are very severe. Occa¬ 
sional Winters are warm enough, but 
every now and then the mercury goes 
down to 30 degrees below zero, and even 
lower, and then trees of all the ordin¬ 
ary varieties of the apples are almost 
sure to be damaged, h. e. van deman. 
THE RURAb NEW-YORKER 
NEW YORK STATE FRUIT GROWERS’ 
ASSOCIATION. 
1'aht II. 
President Case is in Florida this Winter, 
but he sent in his annual address, in which 
he emphasizes the rare opportunities offered 
by New York State to the fruit growers. 
He said : “I want to say I am more than 
ever convinced that certain sections of New 
York State are the most favored sections 
for fruit growing that there are in the 
United States. They have more freedom 
from frosts, more natural fruit soils, less 
transportation charges to the large con¬ 
suming centers, and, best of all, we have 
learned to get a profit from the waste 
and culls from our product- Nothing is 
thrown away. On the other hand we are 
behind some sections in the care of our 
orchards.” 
Secretary-treasurer Gillett gave a very 
encouraging report on membership and the 
nnances of the association, and this was 
followed by reports from the various stand¬ 
ing committees. The reports of the com¬ 
mittees on entomology and plant pathology 
always give the latest information on con¬ 
trol of insects and fungus pests and are 
alone worth going to these meetings to 
hear. Dime-sulphur and arsenate of lead 
seem to be best materials for general use 
at present, although Bordeaux still seems 
to have a place in controlling grape rot 
and potato blight. It seems that the man¬ 
ner of application is more responsible for 
lime-sulphur burning than weather condi¬ 
tions. Trees should be thoroughly sprayed 
with a very fine mist but not drenched. 
The condition of the leaves as to freedom 
from injuries before the spraying and the 
arsenical used are also factors in foliage 
injury. Mr. G. E. Bassett, of Michigan, 
spoke on ‘‘Michigan Orchard Methods” and 
illustrated his talk with lantern slides. He 
said New York and Michigan had almost 
identical conditions. Nature has done her 
best for these sections and it is now up 
to us to do our best. Peaches are his 
specialty. He heads low, 10 to 18 inches, 
trains with an open head and prunes 
regularly and thoroughly, beginning from 
the time the tree is set. Thorough culti¬ 
vation, followed by a cover crop each sea¬ 
son, is practiced and regular fertilization 
with bone and potash given. Production 
should be restricted to the amount the tree 
can bring to the highest degree of perfec¬ 
tion without taxing the vitality of the 
tree. He said northern Michigan was de¬ 
veloping a profitable cherry industry and 
told of the grower of sweet cherries who 
met the California product with northern 
Michigan cherries that sold for 25 cents 
more per box on the Chicago market. 1 rof. 
Wilson gave a talk on the packing of apples 
and advised boxes for dessert varieties 
only. He urged the necessity of better 
grading of barrelled fruit as well as the 
. importance of putting only the best fruit 
in boxes. Prof. Hedrick spoke on “Fer¬ 
tilizers for Apples.” Experiments along 
this line have been carefully carried on by 
the Geneva Station for many yearB and the 
conclusion reached is that other conditions 
being proper, but little commercial fer¬ 
tilization is needed in western New York 
apple orchards. • _ _ ,, . 
Mr. Collingwood spoke on “The Cull m 
the Package.” He urged organization 
among growers to keep the culls out of 
business and politics as well as out of the 
fruit package. Prof. Pippin spoke on 
"Drainage in Relation to Fruit Culture, 
and urged the importance of thorough 
drainage to fruit trees. He advised the 
use of well burned hard tile only and 
the matter of depth and distance apart 
for drains depends on the soil and fall 
that can be given. Do not lay tile in a 
hardpan. Do not use too small tile. Mr. 
Bassett, of Michigan, in his address on 
“What Are We After and How Shall We 
Get It?” made as his point the keeping 
of the root system of the tree ahead of 
the top by proper care and feeding and 
scientific pruning of the top during the 
growing season. Never let the trees over¬ 
bear. A conference of representatives of 
the different fruit organizations of the 
State resulted in plans to hold a big apple 
show in Rochester the last week in Novem¬ 
ber and the first week in December this 
year. Apples will be received in lots from 
a barrel to carloads and the effort will be 
to make it a big market as well as a show. 
The R. N.-Y. has long stood for the pro¬ 
tection of the fruit growers against sub¬ 
stitution by nurserypien, and readers will 
be glad to learn that the New York State 
Fruit Growers’ Association has adopted the 
following resolution : _ 
“Believing that the New Y'ork Fruit 
Growers’ Association should encourage 
honest nurserymen and discourage .dis¬ 
honest ones, it is declared to be the fixed 
purpose of this association to protect its 
members against the latter. Therefore, be 
it resolved, that there be and is hereby es¬ 
tablished in the association a protection 
fund under the following terms and con¬ 
ditions : , 
“Two hundred dollars of the funds now 
in the treasury shall be set apart and 
there shall be added thereto 10 cents of 
the annual dues of each member, beginning 
with those for the year 1911, such reserva¬ 
tion from the annual dues to be continued 
until the fund shall equal $500, and there¬ 
after onlv in such part as may be sufficient 
to retain' the fund at $500. The protection 
fund shall be used for the protection of 
members against flagrantly unfair dealings 
on the part of nurserymen, especially in 
the delivery of nursery stock that is not 
true to name. To this end the executive 
committee is authorized to prosecute or 
aid in the prosecution of such nurserymen 
in such cases and in such manner as it may 
elect, provided that no action at law in any 
case shall be begun and no money shall be 
paid from the protection fund except by a 
majority vote or by tlfp written consent of 
a majority of the executive committee. No 
one in the association shall in this behalf 
Involve the association in any cost or ex¬ 
pense beyond the amount actually in the 
fund. , . , 
“This resolution may be amended or re¬ 
scinded or the protection fund may be 
turned into the general fund at any an¬ 
nual meeting, upon at least public notice, 
only by a two-thirds vote, a majority of 
the association being present and voting. 
In furtherance of the purposes of this 
resolution, all members are requested to 
send to the secretary complaints of unfair 
dealing. A record of these complaints shall 
be kept in* a form always available for 
reference, and an annual report shall be 
made to the association on sueh reports if 
the executive committee approves so doing. 
Few nurserymen would care to have any 
of their failings aired before this associa¬ 
tion, and this fund, even if it should never 
be called into use, should afford consider¬ 
able protection to members. 
The banquet Thursday evening was a de¬ 
cided success. Over 750 were present, and 
many were turned away from lack of room. 
Dean Bailey, of Cornell, was toastmaster. 
Mr. Collingwood in his advice to young 
men, said there were four things the young 
man should strive to obtain; a wife, a 
home, a piece of land, and power. These, 
said he, make the square that encloses all 
that is worth living for. Honestly ac¬ 
quired, they make the gateway through 
which a man may move out of this world 
to a better one beyond without fear or 
regret. He said he believed it was a mis¬ 
fortune for a boy to be born with _ a 
rich father. The best farm opportunities 
to-day are to be found in the Middle and 
New‘England States in his opinion, and 
there is no longer a surplus of food but a 
surplus of food consumers. The secretary 
of the Michigan Bornological Society spoke 
on “What Michigan -day Teach New 
Y'ork.” Commissioner R. D. Pearson was 
called on to take the place of one of the 
absent speakers and was enthusiastically 
received by the fruit growers. The other 
speakers were Roland B. Woodward, secre¬ 
tary of the Rochester Chamber of Com¬ 
merce ; W. C. Barrv. president of the West¬ 
ern New York Horticultural Society, and 
Hon. Samuel W. Smith, of Albany. Mr. 
Smith's subject was “Can the Educated 
Young Farmer Afford to Stay on the 
Farm?” He said the young man could 
afford to stay on the farm, and gave figures 
showing what many men had done in west¬ 
ern New York in the past few years. 
The following officers were elected : 
President, Clark Allis, Medina ; first vice- 
president, Samuel Fraser, Geneseo; second 
vice-president, Luther Collamer, Hilton; 
third vice-president. Prof. Chas. S. Wilson, 
Ithaca; fourth vice-president, C. H. Me- 
Clew, Burt; secretary-treasurer, E. C. Gil¬ 
lett. Penn Yan. Executive committee : Frank 
Bradley, Barker; L. L. Morrell, Kinder- 
hook; Chas. G. Porter, Albion; W. Ray 
Teats, Williamson; Eugene Collamer, Hil¬ 
ton. G - R - s - 
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“the golden streets of 
the new Jerusalem” 
One of our enthusiastic contestants writes: “What a grand time 
we had at the Corn Exposition at Worcester! It was both en¬ 
joyable and instructive. In offering prizes as you did you have 
greatly increased the interest in corn growing and thus advanced 
New England agriculture. I hope you will keep right on doing 
so. And after you have faithfully served your generation, and 
dropped asleep with the fathers we farmers will adorn your casket 
with prize ears of golden corn, which will not he out of place in 
the golden streets of the New Jerusalem.” We propose to keep 
right on, as will be seen in our 
book of the corn contest, out today, 
mailed free to any address. It tells how the 59 contestants grew 
their corn and how they would do it again; also the analy ses of 
different varieties of corn, and useful tables showing tlieii feeding 
values. Even if you raise no corn at all, you will find these 
results interesting and valuable for reference. It also contains an 
announcement of the 
prizes offered this year 
and rules governing this year’s contest. Why not compete? \ ou 
will be sure of a good, profitable crop with the Stockbridge any¬ 
how, besides standing a chance to win a substantial cash piize. 
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BOWKER 
43 CHATHAM ST., BOSTON, MASS. 
