I'll 1. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
14t 
COW BARN VENTILATION. 
My cow barn is 86 feet long ; 86 feet of it 
is 26 feet wide, the rest IS) feet. It holds 
25 cows in one straight row ; windows six 
lights, 8 x 12 inches, on each side. On 
how many windows shall I substitute cloth 
to insure good ventilation without making 
barn too cold? Barn is sided with one 
thickness of matched stuff. Also, would it 
be advisable to put two thicknesses of cloth 
with an air space of one inch between to 
prevent too much draft in windy weather? 
Barn is in an exposed place. n. s. 
Falls Village, Conn. 
Your barn seems to be well supplied 
with windows, so it will not be neces¬ 
sary to add any more. I would sug¬ 
gest that you substitute cloth on 12 
windows, each of which contains about 
four square feet of surface. This would 
give you 48 square feet of cloth ven¬ 
tilators, or about two square feet for 
each cow. The proper way to arrange 
this system of ventilation is to put the 
cloth in every other window on the 
south and east sides until you have 
about three-fourths of the cloth on 
these two sides. This leaves but one- 
fourth of the cloth, or enough for 
about three windows on the exposed 
northeast side. This should be distributed 
along the side and not placed close to¬ 
gether. It would be advisable to use 
double thickness of cloth or one thick¬ 
ness of a heavier grade in the three 
windows on the exposed northeast side 
only. You should have about half of 
the cloth placed so you can open or 
close the window on the inside if neces¬ 
sary. This becomes necessary very 
rarely, as in case of a blizzard, which 
might force too much air in the barn 
when in an exposed location. You 
should keep the temperature of your 
stable at about 45 degrees F., which 
equires very little attention on the part 
if the attendant, as this system of ven¬ 
tilation works automatically and causes 
no draughts. c s. c. 
Eczema in Pigs. 
We have tive young pigs running together. 
They have a nice large room in barn, open¬ 
ing out into a large barnyard, where they 
have plenty of green feed and exercise; are 
fed three times a day on warm mashes of 
stock feed, and shorts and skim-milk; have 
clean water by them at all times. They 
have good aDpetites and seem to be feeling 
line except they are continually scratching 
themselves and one of the best has a very 
unhealthy looking skin, all rough, scaly and 
dirty looking. She scratches until she gets 
the skin all off and the flesh raw in places. 
There are two little Berkshires, and they 
are beginning to scratch too, and have the 
same rough look coming on their sides. Can 
you tell me of something to do for them? 
Massachusetts. B. f. g. 
Stop feeding warm mashes and stock 
food. Feed lightly on skim-milk, adding 
middlings, bran, oatmeal (screened) and a 
little flaxseed meal and salt. Add lime- 
water at rate of one ounce per quart of 
Slop. Dip pigs in a warm 1-100 solution 
of coal tar dip and scrub it in with a 
brush. Repeat as required. See that beds 
are dry and clean. a. s. a. 
also has a hacking cough. 2. What is best 
to destroy worms in horses? d. s. a. 
North Carolina. 
1. As often stated here heaves is incur¬ 
able. Indigo water gives temporary relief, 
and that is about all that can be expected. 
Fowler’s solution of arsenic in half ounce 
doses twice a day and then three times a 
day usually proves soothing. At the same 
time hay should not be fed. Feed grass in 
Summer and wet oat straw in Winter. Feed 
no bulky food at noon and allow twice the 
usual rest period before working after a 
meal. It is important to keep the bowels 
freely open, and for that purpose it is well 
to feed bran and now and then to adminis¬ 
ter raw linseed oil. 2. Feeding raw pota¬ 
toes tends to clear the worms out of the 
intestinal tract. Dried sulphate of iron 
(copperas) is the favorite remedy. The dose 
is from one to two drams twice daily in 
the feed it may be combined with dram 
doses of flowers of sulphur, salt and ground 
gentian root. Give it for one week; then 
skip 10 days and repeat. Omit the iron for 
mare in foal. A. s. a. 
Loss of Calves. 
We have recently lost three yearling 
Short-horn calves apparently by the same 
disease. They stand around stupid ami 
dull, refuse to eat for a few days, and die. 
We examined them, and they were all alike, 
very thin, seemed all right but the gall, 
which was enlarged very much and in¬ 
flamed. Is there any cure for this if taken 
at the first symptoms, or is it contagious? 
They were in line condition, and on good 
pasture. n. b. c. 
Pennsylvania. 
You do not state age of affected calves, 
nor are the symptoms clear enough to allow 
of a diagnosis being made without an in¬ 
vestigation. The condition of the gall blad¬ 
der may possibly be due to stoppage of the 
duct, but such a condition in more than 
a chance calf would he unusual. We think 
it highly probable that the calves died from 
indigestion ; or possibly they had blackleg. 
If another dies have a graduate veterinarian 
make a post mortem examination to deter¬ 
mine cause of death. Blackleg may be pre¬ 
vented by vaccination. On general princi¬ 
ples we would advise you to conduct more 
carefully the feeding of the calves. 
a. s. A. 
Leaking Teats. 
I have recently purchased a cow that 
about two years ago had a lump in each of 
her forward teats; the owner inserted a 
quill to open them and since that time 
milk has leaked from those teats. She 
will be fresh the fore part of January. 
Gan you prescribe a remedy? Would bath¬ 
ing the ends of the teats with strong alum 
water or a strong tea of white*oak bark 
be of any benefit? Should she be treated 
befoxe she comes fresh? i,. w. m. 
Pennsylvania. 
Milk this cow three times a day when 
she comes in, as that may lessen distention 
and strain so that leaking may be less lia¬ 
ble to occur. The strong astringent lotion 
suggestion may do some good, but it is 
more usual merely to coat the end of the 
teat with flexible collodion after milking 
as a means of preventing the leak. Some 
people prefer to tie a wide tape or place a 
wide, weak rubber band around the teat 
to accomplish the same end; but these 
measures generally result in inflammation 
as a consequence of interference affecting 
the circulation of the parts treated. Noth¬ 
ing can be done for the cow while she is 
“dry,” as regards improving the condition 
of her teats. a. s. a. 
Garget. 
I have a cow whose one quarter of the 
udder swells hard and gives but little milk 
w hen swollen, but at the next milking that 
quarter will be limp, swelling and hardness 
gone. The first of the milk will be very 
luin^-- and clotted. This is repeated every 
few weeks, and is becoming more frequent. 
Is it garget? Can it be cured? Our veter¬ 
inarian says it cannot. e. s. k. 
Illinois. 
“Garget” is a term used to describe any 
abnormal condition of the udder leading to 
changes in the consistency and appearance 
of the milk. When a cow has attacks of 
garget such as you describe they may be 1 
associated with period attacks of indiges- j 
tion from change of food, etc. In many 
instances the cause is tuberculosis affecting 
the udder, hence we always advise testing 
with tuberculin when a cow has periodic, 
unexplainable attacks of garget. Have the 
test made in this case. If she is free from 
tuberculosis especial care will have to be 
taken to prevent indigestion; also to pro¬ 
tect the udder against bruising and chill. 
Treatment for garget has been given sev¬ 
eral times of late in these columns. 
A. s. A. 
Heaves; Worms 
1.1 have a 10-ycar-old horse that by hard 
pulling two years ago was what wo call 
bellowed or wind broken. I have given him 
indigo in water. That gave him momentary 
relief. Is there any permanent relief? He j 
Don’t 
waste time 
and moneyon 
wooden or 
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that need constant 
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to last a lifetime, for no 
more, possibly less money 
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The 1911 
United States Separator 
A MARVEL OF EASY RUNNING 
There have been tremendous advances in the running 
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The skimming power is there. The same that won 
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a period of thirty days with the milk of ten different breeds 
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CULTIVATE i OFTEN 
and you hold the moisture 
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shallow or deep as the crop 
needs it and you release the 
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Box U»2? GRENLOCH.N. J. 
Virginia Farms and Homes. 
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/eyafev. --- 
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TT is cheaper and more profitable to feed a ground, kiln- 
-*■ dried, properly “balanced” feed that will produce the best^^^k 
Y results from till your stock—horses, hogs, sheep and cows. This^^ 
avoids waste in handling and storing and saves time in feeding. Such a^ 
feed will produce more horse power—more milk—more fat than is possible 
from your whole grains. It pays better to sell your whole grains and feed 
which 19 so scientifically blended and balanced, that stock obtain far more foo< 
value without any waste than atiy other feed you can use. Being ground and kiln 
dried you don t pay for moisture*—it quickly assimilates—is easily digested—pro¬ 
duces most profit at least cost. Composed of corn, oats, barley and wheat A 
grain ration that is all food—no waste. A test will surprise you. As a dairy 
ration to increase the milk flow it is recommended that an addition of some highly 
concentrated feed be included With Sterling Feed, such as linseed meal, cotton, 
seed meal, etc. Try it. At your dealers, if not, write to us. 
