178 
THIS R.UR.A.I> NEW-YORKES 
February 11, 
FEEDING PROBLEMS. 
Under this headi <g we endeavor to give advice 
and suggestions about feeaing mixtures of grains 
and fodders. No definite rules are given, but the 
advice is based upon experience and average 
analyses of foods. By ‘ protein” is meant the 
elements in the food which go to make muscle or 
lean meat. “Carbohydrates” comprise the starch, 
sugar, etc., which make fat and provide fuel for 
the body, wnile “fat” is the pure oil found in 
foods. Dry matter” means the weight of actual 
food left in fodder or grain when all the water is 
driven off. A “narrow ration” means one In which 
the proportion of protein to carbohydrates is close 
—a “wide” ration moans one which shows a larger 
proportion of carbonydrat's. 
A CONNECTICUT BUTTER RATION. 
For roughage I have silage once a day 
and hay once a day. Of the latter some 
is oats and Canada peas, some mixed hay. 
Cornmeal is $1.30; gluten, $1.55; bran, 
$1.45; oats, $1.50. I have three cows, 
none of them fresh at present. My wish 
is to make butter, and I would like to 
know at the above prices what to feed 
for grain and how much. None of the cows 
is very large. E. s. B. 
Connecticut. 
Here is a ration that will produce a 
fair amount of milk, although it is a 
little too wide: 
Dry 
Digestible 
Pro- 
Carb. 
matter 
toin and fat 
20 
lbs. silage . 4.20 
M 
00 
2.58 
15 
lbs. mixed hay 
and peas.13.05 
.03 
6.9 
4 
lbs. wheat bran. 3.52 
.488 
1.812 
2 
lbs. cornmeal ... 1.78 
.158 
1.528 
3 
lbs. gluten feed. 2.70 
.606 
2.007 
25.25 
2.452 
14.917 
Nutritive ratio 1: 6. 
While this ration has rather a wide 
nutritive ratio it is the best I can make 
from the available feeding stuffs with¬ 
out using too much of one kind of 
grain, thereby either making the ration 
too expensive or unsafe to feed. You 
should regulate the amount of grain 
according to the quantity of milk your 
cows are giving and the condition they 
are in. One pound of grain for each 
three or 3^ pounds of milk is an ap¬ 
proximate rule to follow when your 
cows are not fresh. This ration could 
be improved somewhat by using dry 
brewers’ or distillers’ grains, if avail¬ 
able, in place of the wheat bran. 
c. s. G. 
Grain With Cornstalks. 
I wish to mix cornmeal, bran, middlings 
and cotton-seed meal to feed milch cows 
with cornstalks, the only roughage that I 
have. I know that it is a hard matter to 
get a proper ration from the above, but 
will have to make the best of it. I want 
to use as much cornmeal as possible, as it 
is only $22 per ton. I can get Ajax and 
gluten, but they are very high. $33 to $34 
per ton. How many pounds for a feed? 
New York. it. e. m. 
I would advise feeding the following 
ration, although you cannot expect any 
great results with nothing but corn 
stover for roughage: 
Digestible 
Dry 
Pro- 
Carb. 
matter 
tein and fat 
20 
lbs. corn 
stover 
(cut) . .. 
.12.00 
.34 
6.88 
3 
lbs. cornmeal ... 2.67 
.237 
2.292 
4 
lbs. wheat 
bran. 3.52 
.488 
1.812 
1 lb. wheat 
mid- 
dlings . . 
.88 
.128 
.607 
3 
lbs. cotton 
- seed 
meal ... 
. 2.76 
1.116 
1.332 
21.83 
2.309 
12.923 
Nutritive ration 1 : 5.6. 
You will see that this ration is very 
nearly balanced, having a nutritive ratio 
of 1:5.6, but it should contain a little 
more protein. You would have a better 
ration if you would substitute Ajax for 
at least half of your bran and middlings, 
and the extra cost would be very small. 
You should feed your cows all the cut 
or shredded corn stover they will eat 
three times a day, which will be 20 to 
30 pounds. The grain ration suggested 
is enough for an average 1000-pound cow 
giving 12 to 15 quarts of milk per day, 
but you will have to regulate the 
amount for each cow to suit her indi¬ 
vidual requirements. c. s. G. 
Balancing the Feed. 
I am feeding wheat bran, one-half; corn 
chop, one-fourth ; rye chop, one-fourth, and 
my cows are getting poor. I give mixed 
hay, clover and Timothy in the morning 
and good cured corn fodder, all they will 
eat, rest of the day. Would you give advice 
so I can feed a balanced ration with the 
following feeds: Mixed hay and corn¬ 
stalks as roughage and wheat bran and 
corn chop for grain. Oats are 50 cents, 
buckwheat 60 cents, and oil meal old pro¬ 
cess, and cotton-seed meal I can get. 
These are the principal feeds we have here. 
Cows are Ayrshire, some fresh and rest 
fresh last October. e. c. j. 
Pennsylvania. 
Dry 
Digestible 
Pro- 
Carb. 
matter 
tein t 
and fat 
12 
lbs. mixed hay 
(with clover).. 10.44 
.744 
5.52 
12 
lbs. cut corn 
stalks (stover. . 7.20 
.204 
4.08 
5 
lbs. wheat bran. . 4.40 
.61 
2.265 
1 
lb. O. P. oil meal .91 
.293 
.485 
2 
lbs cotton-seed 
meal . 1.84 
.744 
.888 
2 
lbs. corn chop... 1.78 
.158 
1.528 
26.57 
2.753 
14.766 
Nutritive ratio, 1 :5.36. 
The balanced ration given above will 
produce very good results when prop¬ 
erly fed to fresh Ayrshire cows of a 
milking strain. For cows that are not 
fresh, of course the quantity should be 
reduced to correspond with the amount 
of milk given. It must be remembered 
that feeding heavy feeds like corn, cot¬ 
ton seed or gluten just before or soon 
after parturition is liable to cause a 
fever which produces inflammation of 
the udder, and may result in the loss 
of one or more teats, or the whole udder 
may become permanently injured. It is 
always safer to feed light feeds like 
wheat bran until all danger of inflam¬ 
mation of the udder is past. 
In order to get the maximum profit 
from feeding a balanced ration of 
course it is necessary to keep cows in a 
warm, comfortable stable which is well 
lighted and ventilated, otherwise much 
of the feed which should be used to 
produce milk will be required to keep 
the animal warm. What is meant by a 
warm stable is not one heated up to 
60 or 70 degrees F. in cold weather, 
but it is one which maintains an even 
temperature of about 45 degrees, never 
falling below the freezing point, and 
always containing a plentiful supply of 
fresh air without draughts. A stable 
which is made warm at the expense 
of proper ventilation is not a fit place 
in which to keep cattle in a healthy con¬ 
dition. c. s. G. 
Frozen Turnips for Stock. 
I was unfortunate in having all ray 
turnips frozen this Winter. Would they 
be injurious to cows and pigs if used as 
fodder, either raw or cooked? L. D. 
New Jersey. 
Frozen vegetables should never be fed 
to live stock while they are frozen, but 
may be used either raw or cooked as 
soon as the frost is thawed out of them. 
They must be used up in a very short 
time, however, or they will decay and 
become worthless. c. S. G. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee page 16. 
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THE SHARPLES SEPARATOR CO. 
WEST CHESTER, PA. 
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44 Bushels to the Acre 
is a henvy yield, but that’s what John Kennedy of 
Edmonton, Alberta, Western Canada, got from 
40 acres of Spring Wheat in 1910. Reports 
from other districts in that 
f irovince showed other excel- 
ent results—such os 4,000 bush- 
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133K bushels per acre. 26,30 and 
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