236 
THE RURAb NEW-YORKEH 
February 25, 
CARE OF YOUNG ORCHARD. 
I am having quite a study about my 
young orchard. It is 10 years old, trees 
are three inches in diameter, and last Sum¬ 
mer made strong growth, Greenings the 
most, a great many two feet or more on 
the upper shoots, Rome and Ben Davis 
about 15 inches, Wagener 10 or 12 inches 
and Spy, while they seem to be largest 
trees owing to their heavier tops (un¬ 
pruned), only made eight to 10 inches. The 
trees look healthy and nice. We tried to 
put enough manure around last Spring to 
mulch and keep down the grass, but while 
a little later the Timothy was four feet 
tall and very heavy under trees, other trees 
mulched with Sweet clover had xibout the 
same result. What shall I do with the 
orchard? I had some Suttons, very large 
and nice, Ben Davis not very large, but 
good color; Rome Beauty only medium size. 
Shall I plow this orchard (water level not 
more than 10 feet) or fence and turn in 
my seven sows with what pigs I keep? 
About everything excepting Spy seems to 
have a good many fruit spurs; still a row 
of apple trees along the road in similar soil 
has never borne to amount to anything. 
New York. B. J. c. 
It is evident that eight years or more 
ago there were many orchards planted 
in sod to be mulched. Now the serious 
question is what to do with them. It is 
also evident that the high price of pork 
has started many farmers into hogs. 
Now the owners of these young or¬ 
chards think they can do a great thing 
by fencing the orchards, sowing some 
forage crop and turning in hogs. Our 
advice is to do nothing of the sort. 
Hogs may do great damage to young 
trees, especially where mulching has 
been done. The soil under the mulch 
is usually rich and filled with worms 
and other insects. The hogs know this, 
and they root and tear such soil. This 
rips and breaks off the tree roots and 
even the trees themselves. Then the 
hogs rub against the trees or gnaw 
them, and on the whole will do great 
damage in a young orchard. They may 
be put in an old orchard of high¬ 
headed trees and rough bark, but in 
such places as is described above the 
hog will become a nuisance. We should 
keep on mulching that orchard. Cut 
the grass twice or more and pile it 
around the trees. 
NITRATE OF SODA WITH MANURE. 
J. M., Potter Hollow, N. Y. — I have a 
small farm of 106 acres; it is mostly flats 
and a clay soil. I have been buying all 
the manure I could get the last thfree years 
and top-dressing my meadows, and I now 
have them so they cut a good quality and a 
good amount of hay. Which do you think 
is cheaper, manure at this price hr pre¬ 
pared fertilizer? I have just bought a car¬ 
load of fertilizer and included 500 pounds 
nitrate of soda «for my own use. I wish 
to use this on my meadows to experiment. 
What would be the best way to apply this 
to my meadow? I had thought of putting 
six or eight quarts of this on every load of 
manure on the manure spreader. Would 
this be advisable or would you suggest some 
other method of applying? 
Ans. —You do not give the price you 
are paying for manure, so we cannot 
judge which would be cheaper. See 
what the nitrate costs you. It contains 
on the average 16 per cent nitrogen. 
Your 500 pounds will carry 80 pounds 
of nitrogen, and you can then see what 
a pound costs. Figure the price of a 
pound of phosphoric acid by seeing what 
a ton of acid phosphate costs, and then 
if the manufacturers guarantee 14 per 
cent you have 280 pounds in the ton. 
In a similar way get the price of potash. 
A ton of average manure will contain 
about 10 pounds of nitrogen, six of 
phosphoric acid and 13 of potash. See 
what all this will cost in your chemicals, 
and you have what the manure is worth 
compared with them. Your plan of using 
the nitrate is not the best for your ex¬ 
periment. You could not tell in this 
way whether the manure or the nitrate 
gave any increase. The fairest way will 
be to put the manure on one part and 
the nitrate on another. A quart of 
nitrate weighs about three pounds. If 
you use eight quarts or 24 pounds to a 
load and use eight loads to the acre you 
would do better to spread 150 pounds 
broadcast over another acre for com¬ 
parison. You can mix the nitrate with 
dry soil and mix all together in order 
to get an even distribution. 
PORTION OF MORTAR TO MASON ARY. 
C. R. Bethel, A 7 . Y.—I want to build a 
basement under a barn, 80 by 50 feet, the 
basement eight feet hign. How much sand 
and lime shall I have to use per perch ? 
I would like to strengthen the mortar with 
cement, using only flat stone. 
Ans. — A well-laid masonry wall 
would require about five cubic feet of 
sand and one cubic foot of quicklime 
per perch of masonry. If it is desired 
to use cement with the lime it is usual 
to make the cement take the place of 
one-third of the lime. A stone wall 30 
by 50 feet, 8 feet high and 18 inches 
thick, would contain 1,872 cubic feet, 69 
cubic yards, or 75 perches, not allowing 
for doors or windows. f. h. king. 
DAILY 
I OUTPUT 
18.000 
BBLS 
ALPHA 
PORTLAND CEMENT 
is absolutely the best that can be made 
for all farm work. Largely used by 
U. S. Government and in State, Munici¬ 
pal and Railroad work—a reputation of 
20 years behind it. Ask your dealer for 
ALPHA 
Send for Booklet and learn why it is the best. 
ALPHA PORTLAND CEMENT CO., 
ADDRESS 
2 Center Square. EASTON, PA. 
A SUBSTITUTE 
For Bordeaux Mixture 
10-gal. keg making 2 000 to 5,000 gals, spray, delivered 
at any B B. station ii. the United States for 912.50. 
Prompt shipment*. Every grower ot fruits and vege¬ 
tables should have our Beport of wonderful results 1910. 
B. G. PRATT CO., M * c ” h “.'“dS;"' 
53 CHURCH ST.. NEW YORK CITY 
CULTIVATEi OFTEN 
and you hold the moisture 
In the ground. Cultivate 
ehallow or deep as the crop 
needs it and you release the 
forgotten or unknown soil 
properties which are needed 
to make the crop grow prop¬ 
erly. We have been niakini 
farm tools for 75 years am 
think we have as good a line 
of Biding Cultivators as you 
need to choose from. j 
ISON ME RIDING CULTIVATORS 
are long lived machines—adjustablc for rows 28 to 50 
inches, while in motion—teeth adjustable for depth and 
angle—pivot or fixed wheel, one row or two—high or low 
wheels—work well on hillsides—farm close 
and true. A complete line. Our Anniver¬ 
sary Catalog will show you—also, potato 
machinery, garden wheel hoes and drills 
etc. Address 
BATEMAN M'F'G CO. 
Box 1027 GRENLOCH.N. J. . 
Here’s a sprayer f or 
YOU and for everybody 
who raises fruit, especially the farmer 
with only a few acres who has been fooling with a hand sprayer 
or not spraying at all because he “didn’t believe a power sprayer would pay 
him.” Whether you have two acres of fruit or a hundred—you need the 
Waterloo Boy 
High Pressure 
Power Sprayer 
The only question is what size you need. 
The Waterloo Boy Power Sprayer delivers a mist-fine spray 
and puts it just where you want it, covers every leaf clear to the tree- 
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The pump is double acting and tested up to 300 pounds pressure. All 
„ parts exposed to the chemicals are solid brass or brass covered. Has pressure, gauge 
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The outfit is mounted on wooden skids or on a low truck as desired. 
The Waterloo Boy Power Sprayer is made just as carefully 
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If you have any fruit or vegetables to spray, write for 
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Waterloo Gasoline Engine Co., 
Waterloo, Iowa. 
Use Indestructible Hameless Horse Collars 
To Prevent and Cure Galled Shoulders 
Cheapest and best for owner— humane and comfortable for animal. Endorsed by 
- - Veterinanes, used by City Fire Depts..U. S. Govt., and more than 100,000 farmers and team- 
not sters. The Indestructible metal, sine coated collar not only prevents sore necks and shou ld- 
<*“• .. .fed, ww iia t the galls ml seres made by otter collars No torse owner can aKord So be wiltoot oar 
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Uicv save the cost of Itaroes, pads and straps: save In time and 
^ convenient*** In liarnesslrur; are llRliter. stronR«*r and better. Always 
keep their shape: can be made larger or smaller to fit animal spring tat or 
fall poor. No sponjry surface to absorb heat, sweat and dirt. Guaranteed not 
to rust In any climate. Cheaper because everlasting. Quickly changed from 
one harness to another. Tho ideal collar for all climates and conditions. 
Let me send you my portfolio givinir valuable pointers on how to *ot 100%.hors© 
power all year around from your team. Ita free and you will find »t decidedly interest- 
reading. Indestructible collars are sold direct where I have no dealers, and I II par 
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co troubles. No part of a harness was ever sold on such a broad and liberal Kuar- 
an . because none other was ever so good, and you will aay ao too when you read ray 
fol Good pay to live agenta; exclusive territory. Write today. Address 
FKD SLOCUM, General Manner, JOHNSTON-SLOCUM CO., 708 Stale St.. Caro, Mick 
Yours FREE 30 Days 
I’ll Pay Freight Anywhere 
Just let me semi my Chatham Fanning Mill to your 
R. It. Station on a month’s trial. No money, no 
contract and I pay the freight. Return at my ex¬ 
pense or keep It and take a year to pay me. Just let 
me prove the money you can make with a 
CHATHAM and Seed Grader 
Cleansand grades all kinds of seeds, grasses and grains. Don't 
grow weeds or thin stands. Landand taxes are too high. Double 
tlie crops, get better crops and have high-priced seed.to sell. Send 
postal now for my factory price, liberal terms, and get FREE 
BOOK No. 104. Tells how thousands are making big, 
with a Chatham. Send your name by next mail. 
MansonCainpliell. Pres., 
CAMPBELL C'”., Detroit, Mich. . 
Kansas City, Mo.; St. Paul, Minn.; Seattle, Wash. 
No Money Down 
No Note 
No Contract 
Riddles i 
Every Purpos# 
NO - MONEY - IN - ADVANCE — NO 
BANK DEPOSIT — PAY AFTER IT 
HAS PAID FOR ITSELF 
IXT US SE.ND YOU ANY OF TH1LSE, SPRAYERS—to try for 10 days, 
then if you buy, you can pay us caslTor we’ll wait till you sell your crop, then 
you can pay us out of the “extra profit.” We pay freight . Wholesale dealers * prices . 
Man-Power Potato and Orchard Sprayer. 
Spray, “anything” — potatoes or truck. 4 rows at a 
time. Also first-class tree sprayer. Vapor spray pre¬ 
vents blight, bugs, scab and rot from cutting your crop 
In half. High pressure from big wheel. Pushes easy. 
Spray arms adjust to any width or height of row. Cheap 
in price, light, strongand durable. G U ABLANTEED FOU 
FIVE FITL TEARS. Needn’t-send-a-centto get it “on 
trial.” You can get one free if you are first in your locality. 
Write today. 
Horse-Power Potato and Orchard Sprayer. 
For hi* growers. Most powerful machine made. 80 to 
100 gallon tank for one or two horses. Steel a:;le. One- 
piece-heavy-angle-iron frame, cypress wood tank with 
adjustable round iron hoops. Metal wheels. “Adjust¬ 
able” spray arms and nozzles. Brass ball-valves, plun¬ 
ger, strainer, etc. Big pump gives vapor spray. War¬ 
ranted for live years. Try this machine at our expense 
with '■'■your money in your pocket.” See free oiler below. 
Write today. 
Fltz-AH Barrel Sprayer. 
Fits any barrel or tank. High pressure, 
perfect agitation, easy to operate. Brass 
ball-valves, plunger, strainer, etc. Auto¬ 
matic strainer. No ”cup leathers or rub¬ 
ber” about any of our sprayers. Furn¬ 
ished plain, mounted on barrel, or on 
wheels as shown. Five year guarantee. 
It don’t cost you “a cent” to try it in your 
orchard. Get one free. See below . 
Write today. 
You can get a Hurst Sprayer absolutely free 
If you are the first in your locality this season 
to send for one of our sprayers for trial. 
Yon need do no canvassing or soliciting, it 
will only take 1G minutes of your time. We do the work. 
When you get a sprayer from us you get the benefit of our 
24 years experience in manufacturing sprayers. Hurst 
Sprayers won the gold medal at the National Horticultural 
Congress spraying machine contest. Send us a postal or 
mark the attached coupon and mail it to us and we will 
send you our fine catalog, Bpraying guide, and will tell you 
how you can get a sprayer free. Don’t delay, write us at 
once for onr free sprayer proposition and save money. 
H. L. HURST MFC. CO., 284 North St., Canton, Ohio 
H.T„. HURSTMFO.CO., 2R4 North St., Canton, O. 0011011111 
Send me your Catalog, Spraying tJuide and “special liUUlUIl- 
offer” on the sprayer marked with an X below. . . 
.Man-Power Potato and Orchard Sprayer. SWltGOllSIJ 
.Horse-Power Potato and Orchard Sprayer. 
.Fitz-AU Barrel Sprayer. 
.4-Wheel Orchard Sprayer. 
NAME. 
ADDRESS. 
