1911. 
THE RURAL N’EW-YORKER 
Sll 
AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL MEETING. 
Pakt I. 
The thirty-second biennial meeting of 
this time-honored and stable society, which 
is composed of the best pomologieal talent 
to be found in all of North America and 
the adjacent islands, was held at Tampa, 
Fla., February 10-11 of this year. There 
were representatives from the Atlantic to 
the Pacific States, and from Canada to 
Cuba. It was a most lovely and fitting 
place to hold a meeting of such a body, 
surrounded as the place was by waving 
palms and orange and pomelo orchards on 
every side. Several excursions into the 
orchards were made, and one in particular 
was very enjoyable, which was across 
2 am Pa Bay by boat, by the courtesy of 
the Tampa Board of Trade, to Manatee 
County, and into the orchards by auto 
from Bradcntown, by the kindness of the 
people of that beautiful place. All the vis¬ 
itors, over one hundred in number, were 
allowed to gather oranges from the trees at 
will, which was a rare treat, indeed, to 
many who had never had that privilege 
before. It was in great contrast to the 
cold and stormy conditions in the North at 
this time. The famous Atwood pomelo 
orchard was also visited, where there are 
2,>0 acres of this fruit in bearing. It is 
the largest of its kind in the world and 
is a model of neatness and thrift. The an¬ 
nual output was said to be about $200,000. 
There was a very fine display of fruit in 
connection with the meeting. There were 
many Citrus fruits from various sections of 
Florida, and a few other species of the 
more tender kinds. Among them were a 
few young cocoanuts from Miami, Fla., and 
guavas, sapodillas, tamarinds, and other 
really tropical fruits. There were a few 
specimens of American-grown dates from 
the government garden near Tempo, Ariz., 
One variety is known as Doglet Beida, and 
is one of the very dry or hard class that 
was introduced from the Sahara, and is 
much prized by. the natives of that country. 
A large collection of Persian walnuts was 
shown by the United States Department of 
Agriculture, most of them coming from the 
Pacific coast. There were fine displays of 
apples from Virginia and North Carolina, 
and strawberries from Florida. 
The range of topics covered by the vari¬ 
ous papers and discussions covered about 
the whole field of pomology. The first one 
considered was “Mango Culture in Florida.” 
There were two papers, one by Prof. P. II. 
Rolfs, director of the Florida Experiment 
Station, and the other by John B. Beach of 
Palm Beach, Fla. The culture of this trop¬ 
ical fruit of the East Indies is in its in¬ 
fancy in the Western Hemisphere, and while 
a large number of the choicest varieties 
in the world have been introduced there 
are but a few young bearing trees, and 
therefore, little can be known of their be¬ 
havior and adaptability. But the promise 
is good and the high price of the fruit in 
the fancy market, combined with its delici¬ 
ous flavor and value as a food, is sure to 
make it profitable. The section of the 
United States where the mango can be 
grown is very limited, only the very ex¬ 
treme southern end of Florida being' free 
enough from frost to permit the growth of 
the trees. There they flourish well and 
are strong and vigorous in growth. The 
habit and form of the tree is very striking 
and pleasing. It is now only a matter of 
learning the facts about the best varieties 
to grow and the most successful methods 
of their propagation to place American 
mango culture on a firm basis. The old 
method of propagating the varieties by 
inarching, copied from India, is found to be 
very good, and we have also learned how 
to bud this tree successfully. In Cuba and 
Porto Rico the planting of the choice man¬ 
goes has been started with good prospects 
of success. 
“Phases of Cuban Citrus Culture” was 
the topic discussed verv pleasantlv and 
instructively by II. C. Ilendricksen of that 
country by a lantern slide talk. There are 
many modern orange and pomelo orchards 
planted in Cuba and some of them are pro¬ 
ducing good fruit in abundance. 
“Persimmon Culture in America” was 
discussed in a very thorough manner by 
Prof. II. II. Hume of Florida, giving nu¬ 
merous illustrations from lantern slides. 
The Japanese species, Diospyros kaki, was 
stated to be far the most valuable, because 
of its large and delicious fruit and the 
early and heavy bearing of the trees. 
However, there are some difficulties in the 
way. The trees are not hardy north of the 
cotton growing area and not entirely so all 
over it. The blossoms are usually pistillate 
and require pollinating to cause fruitage. 
This must be done by inter-planting male 
blooming trees or grafting scions of the 
same into the bearing trees. There has 
been very little done in introducing the 
Chinese persimmons, which are large and 
very good. But the acridity of the fruit 
of all the varieties of the Asiatic species is 
an objection to its sale on the general 
market. There has been a way found to 
treat the fruit by putting it in air-tight 
jars and turning in a gas that will soon 
cause a chemical action that entirely 
changes the tannic acid and sweetness re¬ 
sults. The culture of our American species 
of persimmon is yet but little beyond the 
experimental stage, although there have 
been some very good varieties selected from 
the many wild ones. Some of these have 
been named and propagated by grafting. 
The eastern American species and the 
Manchurian make the best and most vigor¬ 
ous stocks upon which to work all the 
varieties. 
“Citruo Culture in Texas” was treated in 
a very plain and enthusiastic manner by 
R. II. Bushway of that State. He stated 
that there were millions of acres of land 
in Southern Texas that could be devoted 
to Citrus fruits of the hardier types. At 
the present time the Unshiu or Satsuma 
orange of Trifoliata stock is about the 
only variety grown, although some of the 
common oranges and the pomelo arc grown 
to a limited extent. 
"Rotundi folia Grapes." by Prof. R. C. 
Rcimer of North Carolina, was a most in¬ 
teresting topic, especially for those who 
live and plant grapes in the Southern 
States. It is a native species of the region 
from Virginia to Louisiana, the fruit is 
entirely free from rot and the vine is not 
affected by fungus diseases. The plants 
grow most freely with almost no attention 
beyond a support for the vines, and the 
fruit is borne in the greatest abundance. 
Ilia grapes are relished in the fresh state 
by those who become used to them, and 
they can be made into wine and many 
culinary preparations. The berries are of 
large size and the clusters very small, but 
as the skin is very tough and the fruit 
parts very easily from the stem it is often 
gathered by shaking onto sheets, which 
seems a very strange way to gather grapes, 
although it is entirely practical and cheap. 
Ihcre have been hybrids made between this 
species and the other cultivated ones by 
I rof. T. t. Munson of Texas, and some of 
them are of the most valuable character, 
the bunches and berries both being of good 
size and excellent in flavor. It is neces- 
s&vy to.plant male flowering vines, occasion¬ 
ally, with all the Rotundifolia varieties to 
pollinate their flowers and cause fruitful¬ 
ness, because the latter are nearly always 
lacking in pollen. It was claimed by Pro¬ 
fessor Reimer that the Scuppernong was the 
first of all. our native grapes to be brought 
under cultivation, as it is known to have 
been done early as the eighteenth century. 
“Secondary Crops in -the Orchard" was 
discussed in an able but short paper by 
Horace Roberts of New Jersey. He told 
us of the great and prime need of caring 
for the orchard trees first of alT. What¬ 
ever vegetable or farm crops that can be 
grown in the orchard without injury to the 
trees, during their earlier years, is all 
right, but not much should bo allowed 
later. The whole strength of the soil 
should go into the orchard trees and the 
fruit they bear. This was the burden of 
Mr. Roberts’ message. No removal of other 
crops should be allowed when the trees are 
at bearing age. H. E. Van Deman. 
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The Haskin Shoe 
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Kf'.w York 
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