1911. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
329 * 
TWO COMMISSION HOUSE BILLS. 
Two bills arc now before the Legislature 
at Albany, designed to aid in regulating the 
• commission business. Both were introduced 
by Mr. Collin. We shall refer to them by 
their Assembly number. 
No. 590. 
This is a bill to amend the agricultural 
law. It provides that the Commissioner of 
Agriculture shall collect information rela¬ 
tive to agriculture and “the markets for 
agricultural products.” It then states: 
“All persons, Arms and corporations in 
this State receiving farm produce for sale 
on commission shall keep a correct record 
of the amount and kinds of such product so 
received and of the sales thereof and the 
prices received therefor, together with the 
dates of receipt and sale and the names 
and addresses of the shipper and purchaser, 
which said record shall be open to the in¬ 
spection of the shipper or consignor of such 
goods and to the commissioner of agricul¬ 
ture or his duly authorized representative. 
“The Commissioner of Agriculture shall 
have general supervision over all sales on 
commission within this State of all kinds 
of farm produce, and he shall investigate 
complaints relating to the transportation, 
handling and sale of such produce. He 
shall have power to compel, by subpoena, the 
attendance of witnesses and the production 
of books, papers and documents, to adm'n- 
ister oaths and take testimony under oath, 
and generally to secure evidence on any 
matter relating to the transportation, hand¬ 
ling and sale on commission of all farm 
produce within this State. Neglect or re¬ 
fusal to obey such subpoena shall be punish¬ 
able by any ciyil court of record, the same 
as though said subpoena had been issued by 
said court. 
“This act shall take effect immediately.” 
NO. 595. 
This bill provides for licensing and bond¬ 
ing commission men as follows : 
“All persons, firms, associations and 
corporations in this State, receiving farm 
produce for sale on commission, shall on 
or before the first day of July in each year 
apply to the Commissioner of Agriculture 
for a license to do a commission business 
in farm produce. Such application shall 
state the kind or kinds of produce intended 
to be handled, and shall be in such form 
and shall state such facts as the Commis¬ 
sioner of Agriculture shall prescribe. The 
Commissioner of Agriculture shall issue to 
each such applicant a license entitling the 
applicant to conduct the business of re¬ 
ceiving and selling farm products on com¬ 
mission until the first day of July next 
following. Provided, however, that before 
such license shall be issued said applicant 
shall execute and give to the Commissioner 
of Agriculture a bond, with satisfactory 
sureties, in the sum of ten thousand dol¬ 
lars to secure the payment of all sums due 
and owing to persons within this State 
consigning farm produce to such applicant 
or person for sale on Commission. Any 
consignor of such goods to any such com¬ 
mission merchant is hereby empowered and 
authorized to bring action upon such bond, 
so given, in any court of competent juris¬ 
diction for the recovery of any sum or 
sums due such consignor by such commis¬ 
sion merchant which has been due, owing 
and unpaid for a period of thirty days. On 
and after the first day of July, 1911, it 
shall be unlawful for any person, firm, as¬ 
sociation or corporation to receive, sell or 
offer for sale on commission within this 
State any kind of farm produce without a 
license as herein provided, and any viola¬ 
tion of this section shall be a misdemeanor. 
“This act shall take effect immediately.” 
THE GRANGE AND CANADIAN “RE¬ 
CIPROCITY.” 
“Is the Grange position on Canadian reci¬ 
procity right or wrong?” 
It is right. 
“If right, how shall we reconcile the po¬ 
sition taken by Secretary Wilson?” 
It is irreconcilable; because according to 
Secretary Wilson’s report, in discussing the 
high cost of living, he says that it is not 
because of the high prices paid to farmers, 
as the farmer gets the minor fraction of the 
consumer's dollar. This being the case it 
is illogical to cut another slice off the tann¬ 
er's dollar and not provide that that re¬ 
duction be carried to the consumer, because 
making wheat free must reduce the price 
paid the farmer, but retaining a duty upon 
flour must preserve the present price to the 
consumer; the same condition prevails 
through all the schedule as it is now pre¬ 
sented ; hence the Grange position is right, 
because it is aimed to retain the little 
protection the farmer now enjoys, until 
such time as its removal may be so com¬ 
plete as to be of advarftage to the con¬ 
suming public, which the present treaty 
wholly fails to do, or even promises to do. 
The Grange position is right, because if 
the treaty is ratified, as it now stands, 
without the farmer getting some benefits 
from the Canadian agreement, he would be 
shut out absolutely, as he could not hope 
to be better treated on a general revision. 
Two great schools of thought have con¬ 
tended over the tariff schedule of this coun¬ 
try ; protection for the business interests 
and free commercial relations with all na¬ 
tions. These principles we are not now dis¬ 
cussing, but Canadian reciprocity, as now 
pending belongs to neither; it is a miser¬ 
able apology by protectionists that their 
theory in the past has been wrong and they 
must make discriminations for the favored 
few. It is not free trade, as it makes free 
the finished products of one class and re¬ 
tains protection on all other classes. The 
free trader who stands for this treaty, be¬ 
lies his position and shows that he is not 
honest in his contentions. 
The farmer has tolerated the unjust dis¬ 
criminations against his business, because 
of his honest belief that the whole country 
was benefited, not for a moment conced¬ 
ing that his business was proportionally 
protected by the present schedule of tariff 
rates on agricultural products, but when it 
comes to strike that protection off from 
the only nation, that does or can to any 
appreciable extent compete with him he 
revolts. The Grange position is right, be¬ 
cause it does not teach the assassin's 
method of a stab in the back, to redress 
a wrong, fancied or real, after it has been 
committed, but rather believes in a fair 
fight with ample warning as to results, that 
they will not tolerate this awful injus¬ 
tice ; this treaty strikes a blow at the great 
agricultural interests of America, and in 
the arguments in Canada it is only made 
tolerant by the fact that Canada is a great 
agricultural nation, and this movement is 
intended to give the Canadian farmer the 
full benefits of American markets and 
American prosperity, and the American 
farmer will return that blow when oppor¬ 
tunity presents itself. That party or states¬ 
man will rue the day, when by his vote, he 
shall have alienated the respect and the 
confidence of the American farmer, by this 
unwise, unfair and grossly discriminating 
treaty. The argument that American farms 
will soon be unable to feed the rapidly in¬ 
creasing population is absolutely fallaci¬ 
ous, for American agriculture is concedodly 
far short of her possible production, as per 
Secretary Wilson’s report of abandoned 
farms, and farms inadequately tilled. 
Should it not rather be the true American 
policy to encourage and build up her agri¬ 
culture rather than to tear down and dis¬ 
courage the same? This the Grange stands 
for and will ever continue to do ; this is 
why the Grange contends with all its might 
against a measure that is intended to de¬ 
mean, to cheapen and belittle American 
agriculture. 
w. N. GILES. 
Secretary Yew York State Grange. 
SrLLTz.—In reply to W. B. D., Lincoln, 
N. J., I have grown emmer or speltz on a 
small scale. I bought two bushels last sea¬ 
son, got it late in April, sowed it April 29, 
cme acre, and harvested 30 bushels. I have 
fed a little to pigs, chickens and horse, and 
they seem to be very fond of it. They will 
leave other feed for it. I expect to plant 
about three acres this season, and get it in 
early. It ripens about the same time as 
oats. h. j. a. 
Dishorning.—A s to dishorning cows at 
one year old, as mentioned by a correspond¬ 
ent in The R. N.-Y,, it is far more humane 
and more quickly done to apply a moistened 
end of stick caustic potash to the budding 
horn of calf a few weeks old, and repeat 
if necessary. The calf will never have 
horns and have a more symmetrical head 
than if horns are sawed off later. Prun¬ 
ing shears on a six-months calf will answer. 
Oakland City, Ind. l. s. t. 
The Birds. —Two years ago a pair of 
song sparrows built their nest in a clump 
of meadowsweet bushes near my currant 
patch. That year I wasn't troubled with 
many currant worms. While the birds were 
sitting a few worms thrived, but after the 
young birds hatched the demand for the 
worms was greater than the supply. They 
would sit in a row on. the fence and wait 
for their parents to bring the worms to 
them. Last year the neighbor’s cats 
frightened the birds away and I was 
obliged to spray my currant bushes. I wish 
The It. N.-Y. readers showed more interest 
in the birds that are so necessary to agri- 
The Massachusetts Creamery Association 
and the Connecticut Valley Breeders’ Asso¬ 
ciation are co-op-u-ating with the Massa¬ 
chusetts Agricultural College to make 
March 15 a big dairy day during “Farm¬ 
ers' Week.” A milk and butter exhibit will 
be held and gold, silver and bronze medals 
will be awarded. All entries must be made 
by residents of Massachusetts and the ex¬ 
hibits must be produced in Massachusetts. 
Owing to the difficulty of the managements 
getting into touch with the dairy butter 
and market milk oroducers it is hoped chat 
they will write to Prof. W. P. B. Liekwood, 
Massachusetts Agricultural College, Am¬ 
herst, Mass., for further information. 
Farmers’ Insurance.— Thinking that the 
readers of The It. N.-YU might be interested 
in farmers’ insurance companies, I will tell 
of the one we have here. The Farmers’ 
Mutual Insurance Co. of Armstrong Town¬ 
ship, Indiana Co., Pa., was organized in 
1875, 35 years in operation now. It was 
organized by the farmers of Armstrong 
Township. The policy holders meet once 
a year to elect 12 men of their number 
managers for the company for the year ; the 
managers then meet and organize by elect¬ 
ing a president, secretary, assessor and 
treasurer. Farm property only Is insured ; 
buildings can be insured for two-thirds 
value, contents full value. In the 35 years 
the company has paid for fire loss $11,966, 
and has cost the policy holders 47% mills, 
or an average of about 1 1-3 mills yearly. 
When a fire occurs an appraisement is 
made of the loss and an assessment made 
on all policies to cover loss. r. h. c. 
Indiana, Pa. 
Standard 
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Smhmb 
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1 one-quart can Standard Fly Shy. 35 
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1 box Standard Insect Powder. 35 
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I 1 ow T “...........horses.......cattle.cows..hogs.sheep Poultrv 
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Pealer’s Name. 
..Town.... 
