83-4 
THK RURAIi NEW-YORKER 
March 11, 
MANURE SPREADER NOTES. 
I would like to state a few facts in an¬ 
swer to Albert H. De Graff, Jefferson Co., 
N. Y., concerning both sides of a manure 
spreader. I have one, 70 bushel size, and 
used it for from 300 to 500 loads per year 
for the last five years. I have expended 50 
cents for a lever that a horse ran into and 
broke. The spreader is ready now for use, 
and always has been, doing the work better 
and easier. On sod ground I use two horses, 
on mellow ground three, and they handle it 
as easily as three horses can handle a corn 
harvester in good corn. The spreader is 
now in good repair, and looks as if it had 
not had over one-third of its life. How¬ 
ever, I take what I should call sensible 
care of it, keeping it stored, greased, all 
bolts and nuts tight; do not let it stand in 
sun and storm very long; in short, I give 
it the same care that I give all my other 
tools. Manure spreaders are very common 
around here, and are represented by many 
kinds. All are giving entire satisfaction, 
with the exception of one, and that is the 
one that stands out under the sky rusting 
and rotting as fast as possible. I firmly be¬ 
lieve that anyone who buys a new spreader 
and takes care of it will be well satisfied. 
Monroe Co., N. Y. R. B. mason. 
The Spreader Pays. 
I read with interest Mr. De Graff’s arti¬ 
cle on page 196 on the manure spreader. 
1 am sorry he was so unfortunate with his 
machine, as we have used ours (50 bushel 
size) four years, and I think $5 would cover 
all repairs, and those were breakages 
caused by accidents. Our machine stands 
outside for good half of the year, and ex¬ 
cepting when the snow is real deep we use 
it almost daily. We sometimes wind log 
chains around the drive wheels to prevent 
slipping. A yoke of oxen are used chiefly 
to handle it; two 1,100 pound horses handle 
it easily on dry sod ground. When snow 
is too deep to use it we draw manure out 
in large piles and spread in Spring. This 
makes extra work handling, but we think it 
pays. A man who owns one just like ours 
says during last Winter (1910) he had to 
use a sled only one week during the Win¬ 
ter, and in the Winter of 1909 only three 
days, and in 1908 he used his spreader 
every day. We use ours to spread lime and 
the manure from about 20 head of cattle 
and nine horses. Our spreader empty 
weighs 1,600 pounds. It holds 50 bushels, 
which would probably weigh 2,000 pounds 
of manure as it averages. We have never 
broken a link or slat, and it shows very 
little wear. Our drive wheels never trouble 
us about slipping only on snow. Renting 
spreaders is unknown here. We wouldn't 
farm without a spreader any more than a 
grain binder. Of course it would pay to 
house it. E- c. s> 
Pennsylvania. 
This One Works Well. 
On page 196 A. H. De Graff has given 
his experience with the manure spreader, 
which I think is about the same conclu¬ 
sion that most of the people have come to, 
but for fear one article may discourage 
some one who has not used them I wish to 
add my experience with them. Six years 
ago last Fall 1 bought the first spreader 
that was ever bought in this town, and 
although it was some little trouble t<3 learn 
to operate and adjust we soon got it, and 
now for the past three years there has 
never been a bi'eak or one cent of repairs, 
nor one moment of time spent in adjust¬ 
ment; nothing to do but oil it once in a 
while, and let me say here that is very 
important with them. We use it about 
10 or 12 days in Spring and Fall and have 
let our neighbors, three or four of them, 
each have it longer than we have it. There 
is onlv one lever to operate that throws 
it in ‘and out of gear, and regulates the 
feed at the same time as little or much as 
you want, and you cannot break the ma¬ 
chine in moving the lever either way at any 
time, nor stop our team. We use it with 
two horses of 1,100 pounds on level 
ground, hut when the land is soft we have 
thills and put on three horses. It holds 
55 bushels, and I never saw our wheels 
slip, although we do not attempt to spread 
when the ground is icy. It will work in 
the snow a foot deep or more, and runs 
easier than the same load would do on a 
wagon, for the reason that the wheels do 
not sink in the ground. Generally there 
are but a very few days that we could not 
use it, and at these times we let the man¬ 
ure accumulate for a short time, but we 
never go back to the old wagon or sleigh. 
We got it to do all the spreading and it 
does it without any "swear words.” It 
certainly is a pleasure to hitch to such a 
machine, but I find that about three-quar¬ 
ters of the people who have a spreader are 
getting about as much fun out of them 
as Mr. De Graff. 
Ontario Co., N. Y. A. R. pennell. 
EXERCISE FOR DAIRY COWS. 
You ask my experience in the matter of 
exercise for cows. Briefly, our animals 
always suffer when deprived of it. When 
we built our new barn I wrote to Prof. 
I. T. Roberts, of Cornell, asking about his 
covered shed, where the Cornell herd ex¬ 
ercises in comfort under shelter. He re¬ 
plied that unless I was willing to dishorn 
the herd it would not work, and added that 
many farmers stabled their cows in Winter, 
and that they did not appear to suffer from 
it. I read about this time of another famous 
herd near Philadelphia, where the cows 
were never turned out, but wallowed in 
filth and bedding by way of enriching the 
fields that supported them. Then a young 
landscape artist was wafted our way to give 
advice about “Art on the Farm.” “Barn¬ 
yards? Do not have such unsightly things. 
The best barns have eliminated them. They 
are unnecessary.” 
In the end we moved into our new quar¬ 
ters in January, and the barnyard had not 
been made. We were obliged to stable the 
whole Winter. We paid dear. When Spring 
came not an animal was in calf; not a cow 
came in season. The bull, too, lost his 
vigor, and when Spring came appeared to 
be worthless. The small calves wouldn’t 
eat and the smallest died. Some of the 
Spring cows appeared to have a great deal 
of fever and pain in their hoofs, caused 
probably by indigestion combined with 
standing on board floors. We built our 
first barnyard as soon as we could drive 
the posts next Spring, and since then have 
added four more, all communicating with 
the barn. In Summer all are in use, and 
in Winter whenever the weather permits. 
We are on the top of a windy hill, 1,000 
feet above sea level, in the temperature of 
Bar Harbor. Do the best we can, the herd 
is stabled for days at a time. The cows 
give more milk at such times, but it is not 
good for them, and they are overjoyed to 
get out. Spring calves are usually larger 
and quite as strong as Fall, calves, but if 
accidents at calving time occur, they are 
apt to come toward Spring, when the 
muscles are flabby. 
Our cows stand in the sun all day; the 
barn is well ventilated by a King system 
that works perfectly. They are brushed 
a good deal to keep the skin in order. 
The more they are brushed the better they 
are. If I could got them out into the yards 
daily they could do with much less. They 
are always bright-eyed, and we are free 
from tuberculosis and abortion. But they 
owe it to the fact that from the first pos¬ 
sible day in Spring to the last in Fall 
they are every day on pasture and every 
day fed in the barn. 
My friends who have registered bulls tell 
me that their animals rarely come out of 
their box stalls the year around, and re¬ 
main healthy and fit year after year. I 
have in mind a great herd where the nulls 
have a small yard in which each bull takes 
his turn on his own day in rotation. I 
could never accomplish it. We have built 
a four-acre paddock for our herd bull, 
where he lives all Summer with a com¬ 
panion or two to keep him contented. As 
long as he can be trusted behind five 
strands of barbed wire, all goes well; but 
when the time comes to restrict his liberty 
he soon becomes useless. Cows get on 
in stanchions better than calves. Spring 
calves confined during Winter are apt to 
be just the size in Spring they were when 
stabled in the Fall. We have made a set 
of box stalls for our Spring calves in which 
they can jump *and even run a little. I 
used poultry wire so as to have as much 
light and air as possible. It is renewed 
as it gives way. The calves do very well 
indeed in these quarters and keep clean. 
When next Spring comes I am going to re¬ 
model the baby calf house, filling the south 
end with windows to catch every bit of 
sunlight and using artificial heat during 
the cold snaps. I shall put in King ventila¬ 
tion, and build a little raised platform, 
very warm and snug, where the infants 
can sleep. In this way I think I shall 
eliminate the losses of Winter calves which 
have heretofore followed each cold wave. 
There will be plenty of space for them then 
to run and jump all day. Little calves love 
to jump. In short fresh air, sunlight and 
exercise are the foundation of our success. 
FANNY MORRIS SMITH. 
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