1911. 
HOW “PROCESS BUTTER” IS MADE. 
I have a quantity of rancid butter. I am 
told there is a way of working such stuff 
over so as to make it salable. How is it 
done? j. l. s. 
We have had a good many questions 
like the above lately—more than ever 
before. The worked-over stuff is known 
as "process” or “renovated” butter. Most 
State laws and the Federal law require 
it to be specially marked when offered 
for sale. There are several ways of 
handling the fearful stuff which some¬ 
times accumulates in country stores or 
homes. With a small amount the old 
plan was to bury it in the ground for a 
time. Probably if the butter were 
wrapped in parchment and cloth and 
then covered for a time with powdered 
charcoal the bad odors would be taken 
out of it. Charcoal is one of the best 
purifiers. Melting will usually drive off 
the strong smell, but when cooled the 
melted butter would look like salve. The 
usual plan followed by the manufactur¬ 
ers is about as follows: 
“The butter to be made over is put 
into a tank having outer compartment 
for steam—a jacketed kettle. The but¬ 
ter is melted and allowed to stand 
quietly so that solid sediment matter 
may settle and light frothy matter rise. 
The latter is skimmed off. The clear 
oil is then drawn into another vessel 
and air is pumped into it, the rising 
bubbles of air serving to remove odors 
due to the poor quality of material 
originally used. Sometimes a stream of 
air is continued for more than an hour. 
The oil is then allowed to run through 
a flat nozzle directly into a tank of 
ice water, where it quickly congeals 
and forms small masses not unlike the 
appearance of butter in the churn when 
it is in a granular form. It is then 
put into a churn and agitated more or 
less with well-ripened skimmed milk. 
The milk is allowed to drain off and 
sometimes the butter is washed a little. 
It is then salted, worked and finished 
the same as butter.” 
'THE RURAL, NEW-YORKER 
CHECKERS START A FARMERS’ IN¬ 
STITUTE. 
Cavalier has the record for having the 
largest farmers’ institute in North Da¬ 
kota, and checkers is the thing that 
seems to be responsible for the start. 
During the Winter evenings checkers 
was the game that was played, and being 
a quite common game it led to a checker 
tournament in the Winter of 1908. In 
making the arrangements for this the 
citizens of Cavalier took a great deal of 
interest in making preparations for en¬ 
tertaining the visitors. Everyone seemed 
bent on doing something, so that it 
proved a very pleasant time for all con¬ 
cerned. When farmers’ institute was to 
be held in 1909 they took hold of that 
in the same way, appointing committees 
on publicity, reception, decoration and 
banquet. The publicity committee send 
out personal invitations to farmers all 
over the county, as well as to see that 
the papers make the proper announce¬ 
ments. The committee on reception, in 
addition to other duties, such as meeting 
the trains, makes a canvass of the city 
finding out who has rooms that can be 
spared for the visitors. The hotels can¬ 
not begin to take care of the large 
numbers that come. These rooms are 
then listed at the telephone office and 
whoever wants a room has only to go 
there and register for it. No charge is 
made for the room. The committee on 
banquet provides for the banquet, which 
is given just before the evening session 
the first day. This committee also pro¬ 
vides dinner for all the visitors both 
days. Each year the attendance has 
grown, till now there is no hall large 
enough to accommodate it, so at least 
two meetings are held at the same time, 
the speakers going back and forth. 
One of the features this year was 
the ladies’ meeting, which was held in 
the Methodist Church. This was con¬ 
ducted by Miss Anna Barrows, of Co¬ 
lumbia University, and Mrs. L. Campbell, 
of the Agricultural College. The mem¬ 
bers of the Commercial Club figure that 
they can do no better than to encourage 
good farming, and they are doing all 
they can to bring better methods into 
practice. They consider this the wisest 
expenditure that they can make of any 
money that they raise for furthering 
their interests. The expense is not great 
either. This year it was about $300. 
W. C. PALMER. 
Stiffness in Mare. 
I wish to know what to do for a mare 
which on getting up in the morning is stiff 
in all four legs, and very weak and trem¬ 
bling, has a watery discharge from the nos¬ 
trils Horse has a good appetite. After 
using awhile the stiffness leaves. J. u. li. 
West Virginia. 
Clip the mare and blanket her if stable 
is cold. Have ventilation perfect and allow 
her a roomy box stall. Work or exercise 
her every day. Feed plenty of whole oats, 
bran and mixed hay. A damp, hot, badly 
ventilated stable might cause the trouble. 
a. s. A. 
Scours. 
I have a herd of cows and young stock 
that are having stomach trouble, bowels 
being very loose I have been feeding grain, 
hay, cornstalks, millet and green oats and 
have had no trouble before. The cows have 
lessened their milk almost half and ene 
cow seems to be a little sick. Can you sug¬ 
gest the cause and what could be done for 
thom ? o. A. L. 
Connecticut. 
One or other of the foods is disagreeing 
with the cows. Millet or green oats would 
be most likely to cause trouble, but moldy 
food of any kind is apt to induce diarrhoea. 
Reject any moldy food and omit millet and 
green oats. Add grain and bran to the ra- 
tion. By removal of the cause recovery 
will ensue quickly without use of medicine. 
a. s. A. 
Colt with Cataract. 
I just bought a two-year-old colt, coming 
three years; thought her all right. Her 
eyes ran a little when I got her. I called 
a veterinary. He said she had cataracts in 
both eyes, and there was no help for her. 
She has two wolf teeth. Her eyes look 
well, but a little water runs from them at 
times. If there is no help for her, can I 
get my money back? She is a valuable 
colt and I paid cash for her three weeks 
a &°; a. i. n. 
New York. 
Wolf teeth never in any way affect a 
horse s eyes. If cataract is present, it is 
incurable, and will have caused blindness. 
It follows repeated attacks of periodic 
ophthalmia (moon blindness), which is in¬ 
curable. If you have a written guaranty 
that the colt was sold as sound, the pres¬ 
ence of cataract would nullify the sale, as 
such conditions do not come on sudden y. 
a. s. a. 
Cow with Itching Skin; Branding. 
1. My cow rubs herself until hair is off in 
spots, particularly on sides of face and 
neck. She seems constipated; otherwise 
all right. 2. Does anyone make branding 
irons with numbers for marking cattle? I 
have tried every kind of tag that I have 
seen advertised, also the tattoo with ink; 
could never see any nuinDer with that, and 
the tags get torn out where cows are pas¬ 
tured in woods. I would like to brand the 
number on the neck or shoulders so they 
would always be sure to fit the papers 
Virginia. a. j. c. 
1. Give the cow a handful of glauber salts 
in soft feed or drinking water twice daily 
until her bowels are normal. Wash af- 
feeted parts of skin with a 1-50 solution of 
coal tar dip, and when dry rub in sulphur 
ointment and repeat as required. 2. You 
would have to order such brands from a 
dealer in instruments. Why not try metal 
tags strung on at strong leather strap 
around each cow’s neck? a s a 
tie© 
DONT 
•A - 
BLAME 
THE 
SCRUB COW 
/ 
. tv 
A well known authority on profit¬ 
able dairying has said: “Don’t blame the. 
scrub cow, it may be the fault of the scrub feeder.' 
A scrub cow can’t “make good” on “scrub” feed. Give it 
a little “thoroughbred” feeding and ybu’ll be getting more like 
thoroughbred returns. 
The true value of any feed is measured by the amount o! 
actual nourishment and insult-producing properties contained in 
a given quantity. 
If a feed at $25 per ton will bring you better results per 
dollar invested than a feed at $22 per ton you are going to get 
the $25 feed, aren’t you? Yes, because it’s cheaper for you and 
better for your cattle. 
If you buy feed on the strength of the results you can get 
from it, then you’ll buy ELMCO. 
Samples and prices are yours for the asking. Get them 
today. It’s worth your while 
LISTMAN MILL COMPANY, 
LA CROSSE. WISCONSIN. 
Sole Millers of 
SAVE 60% ON “BRECO” 
ROOFING 
Freight Prepaid — Book FREE__ _ _ _ 
D ON’T spend adollar for roofing until you get our low dlreet factory prices and test 
our old reliable * BRECO"— guaranteed waterproof, fire-resisting! durable Rub- 
ber Roofing. Made by our own special process,of long-fibre wool fel t, saturated 
coated^o'n both sides!! Longest Guarantee 
or money back. We pay freight to all points east of the western “ 
of Minnesota. Iowa. Missouri, and north of south line of Tennessee. Don’t delay 
writing: such special prices may not be offered to you again. Write now tortav— 
THE BREESE BROS. CO., Roofing Department 1 it CINCINNATI, OHIO 
Ll 
mm 
57 
BUSHELS MORE 
POTATOES 
PER ACRE 
Where Planted With 
Average results obtained in a careful, thorough test 
against a “-picker” planter by Maine State Rxpenmen- 
rll ytntion in lfilfi A ..I-__, ■ x _.1. — 
(Improved Robbins) 
Potato Planter tal Station, in 19X0. Ask us’quick for tbe proof— we 
Rnllntin No i«s . will seud you now bona fide copy o : their report in . 
Bulletin No. 188, which will be ready about MaTCb 16th. Shows exact results Alio com- V 
parison of crel culture, high and moderate ridging. 100 per cent, perfect plauthie is what -U 
no doubles, no misses no in.iury to seed. Address, Mas on'mr seat makes 
BATEMAN M’F’O CO. Box 102M Grenloeh. N. J. eorreetlon. 
JOHNSTON 
farm machines 
HRST'-QOAUTV 
A good name is more to be prized 
than money and riches. 
The name JOHNSTON is recog¬ 
nized by farmers of two continents as 
indicative of QUALITY. 
Every JOHNSTON user knows 
that he has a better machine than his 
neighbor—and even his neighbor has to 
admit the superiority of JOHNSTON 
machines when he observes how they 
surpass ordinary machines in actual 
performance, overcoming all obstacles 
of soil and grain conditions, doing 
better work, and doing it easier. 
JOHNSTON machines eost less to 
maintain than less carefully constructed 
tools and give many more years of per¬ 
fect service. They represent the most 
advanced development along truly 
practical lines. There is nothing ex¬ 
perimental, impractical or “freakish” 
IJ OHN3TON 1 
ity, strength and 
durability are 
given especial at¬ 
tention. They are 
made by the origi¬ 
nal independent 
company to give 
perfect satisfac¬ 
tion. 
JOHNSTON HARVESTER CO., 
We suggest you write to-day for 
the JOHNSTON 1911 catalog-it is lull 
of valuable information concerning 
JOHNSTON Grain Binders, Reapers. 
Manure Spreaders. Rakes, Spring 
and Spike Tooth Harrows, Side-De¬ 
livery Rakes, Corn Binders, Mowers, 
Tedders, Hay Loaders, Disc and 
Orchard Harrows, and Land Rollers 
—all with a recognized reputation 
lor being the most perfectly con¬ 
structed machines made, yet they 
cost the farmer no more than 
cheaply-built tools. 
Send postal for catalog 
to-day, or state what tool 
you are interested in and 
we will also send booklet. 
BATAVIA, N Y. 
