4X4 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 25, 
FEEDING PROBLEMS. 
Under this heading we endeavor to give advice 
and suggestions about feeding mixtures of grains 
and fodders. No definite rules are given, but the 
advice is based upon experience and average 
analyses of foods. By ‘‘protein” is meant the 
elements in the food which go to make muscle or 
lean meat. “Carbohydrates” comprise the starch, 
sugar, etc., which make fat and provide fuel for 
the body, while “fat’* is the pure oil found in 
foods. Dry matter” means the weight Of actual 
food left in fodder or grain when all the water is 
driven off. A ‘‘narrow ration” means one in which 
the proportion of protein to carbohydrates is close 
—a "wide” ration means one which shows a larger 
proportion of carbohydrates. 
A Ration for Calves. 
Will you give a ration for young calves 
(less than six months) which will be better 
balanced than the one we are now using? 
This is 100 pounds wheat bran, 100 pounds 
wheat middlings, 100 pounds oil meal, 100 
pounds cornmeal. We have been feeding 
one quart per day with what hay they 
will clean up, but I think now they are 
old enough to need more. J. H. d. 
I do not know that I could improve 
upon the ration you are feeding unless 
it would be to add 100 pounds of either 
whole or part ground oats. By feeding 
this ration properly, that is giving just 
enough to keep your calves in a healthy, 
thriving condition, they should make a 
very satisfactory growth. Of course they 
must have good care, or much good feed 
will be wasted. It pays to take good 
care of the young stock as well as the 
milking herd, keeping them in a warm, 
light, well ventilated stable with a good 
dry bed of straw or shavings to lie on. 
c. s. G. 
Improving the Ration. 
Please select from the following feeds the 
best and cheapest balanced ration to feed 
for the production of milk. Cotton-seed 
meal, price per ton, .$3(5; Hector grains, 
$34 • Buffalo gluten, $28 ; rye grains, $23 ; 
middlings. $32 : wheat bran, $29; sucrene 
dairy feed, $2(5; corn and cob meal. $22; 
wet brewers’ grains, 16 cents per bushel; 
mixed hay, $10 per ton; corn fodder, 00 
cents per stack. I can buy Biles Beady 
Ration for $33 per ton. Will the Ready 
Ration be better and cheaper than a ration 
I can get from the above feeds? a. n. 
New Jersey. 
From the feeding stuffs named and 
prices given you can do no better than 
to feed the Ready Ration mixed with 
cotton-seed meal in the proportion of 
about 4 pounds of the Ready Ration to 
one pound of cotton-seed meal. This 
will give you an excellent ration for 
the production of milk. I cannot judge 
the value of your corn fodder at “60c 
per stack,” as I do not know how 
large the stack is or if it is good qual¬ 
ity, but unless the price is very low 
you will probably do better without it 
and just feed the mixed hay. You 
will notice, however, that this ration 
lacks one important factor, and that 
is succulence. If you had some silage 
to feed, instead of hay entirely you 
would have a much better ration. In 
the absence of silage or other laxative 
feed it should pay you to feed some 
dried beet pulp soaked and mixed 
with your grain ration. c. s. G. 
Feeding for Yellow Milk. 
Would you give me a balanced ration for 
my cows? I have three, weighing from 900 
to 1,050 pounds, and all giving between 12 
and 14 quarts daily. I have to buy all my 
feed, and these are the prices of the food 
stuffs in this market: Alfalfa hay, $22.50 
a ton; Timothy hay, $23 ; clover hay, 
$18.50 ; shucks, $15 ; oat straw, $14 ; bran, 
$28 ; middlings, $28 ; shorts, $28 ; cotton¬ 
seed meal, $35 ; linseed meal, $50 ; corn- 
meal, 75 cents a bushel; oats, 50 cents; 
molasses, 20 cents gallon; beet pulp, $27 
a ton. I can sell all my milk at eight cents 
a quart, and my customers want rich yel¬ 
low milk. My cows are all Jersey crosses 
and last Winter gave rich-looking milk. 
This Winter I am feeding Alfalfa and beet 
pulp, and the milk is white and watery 
looking. Can you suggest a way to im¬ 
prove its appearance? c. p. D. 
Virginia. 
I would suggest the following ration 
compounded from the feeding stuffs 
mentioned as being well adapted for 
your purpose: 
Digestible 
Dry 
Feeding Stuff. Matter. Protein. 
Carbon 
and Fat. 
5 lbs. Alfalfa- 
4.00 
.55 
2.115 
15 lbs. clover hay 
12.75 
1.02 
5.94 
1 lbs. cottonseed 
meal. 
.92 
.372 
.444 
2 lbs. bran. 
1.70 
.244 
.906 
2 lbs. cornmeal... 
1.78 
.158 
1.528 
4 lbs. dried beet 
pulp. 
3.704 
.272 
2.610 
25.514 
2.016 
13.549 
Nutritive ratio, 1.5.2. 
There should be a good profit in sell¬ 
ing milk at eight cents per quart when 
feeding the above ration. The quality 
of the milk, or more properly its but¬ 
ter fat content, is governed almost en¬ 
tirely by the individual animal from 
which it is produced and the length of 
time she has been in lactation. It is 
a well established fact, contrary to the 
belief of some people, that the feed 
given a cow exerts very little influence 
over the butter fat content of the milk 
provided she is always fed a mod¬ 
erately full ration. Of course, milk 
can be made poor by starving the cow, 
but that is another matter. The feed, 
however, exerts more or less influence 
over the color of the milk, and to get 
yellow milk I would recommend feed¬ 
ing yellow feed, like cotton-seed meal 
or yellow cornmeal. Your customers 
should learn that it is not always the 
yellow milk which contains the most 
butter fat. Good well-fed Jersey cows 
ought to give milk that would satisfy 
the most critical consumer without try¬ 
ing to color it with yellow feed. 
C. S. G. 
Peavine Silage with Grain. 
Will you give me a balanced ration for 
my cows? They were fresh in November 
last. I sell the milk. I have cotton-seed 
meal, cost $35 per ton ; oil meal, $38 per 
ton ; bran, $20; cornmeal, $23. 1 have oats 
I can have ground, but they are worth 40 
cents per bushel. I can get Biles XXXX, 
$32 per ton. What can I leave out and 
have as good results? 1 am feeding pea- 
vine silage from a canning factory, which 
I feed after each milking. I have sweet 
cornstalks that I feed at noon. The corn 
was picked and canned. 1 have nice clover 
hay that 1 give them about 4 o'clock p. m. 
New York. R. a. n. 
Here is the analysis of a balanced ra¬ 
tion compounded from some of the feed¬ 
ing stuffs mentioned that ought to pro¬ 
duce milk very economically when fed to 
good cows: 
Digestible 
Dry Pro- Carbs. 
Feeding Stuff. Matter. 
tein. 
and Fat. 
30 
lbs. peavine silage. 
8.10 
.75 
4.23 
10 
lbs. corn stover. . . . 
0.00 
.17 
3.4 
7 
lbs. clover hay. 
5.95 
.470 
2.772 
1 
lb. cotton-seed meal 
.92 
.372 
.444 
1 
lb. wheat bran.... 
.88 
.122 
.453 
2 
lbs. cornmeal. 
1.78 
.158 
1.528 
2 
lbs. Biles XXXX. .. 
1.84 
.490 
1.104 
25.47 
2.544 
13.931 
Nutritive ration 1 :5.4. 
If you prefer you can substitute 
ground oats in place of the cornmeal, or 
you could mix them equal parts. For 
this ration you have to buy but six 
pounds of grain per day at a cost of 8.55 
cents, which is very low for a ration 
which contains practically everything for 
the production of milk. Many grain ra¬ 
tions cost from 10 to 15 cents each, sim¬ 
ply because the roughage supplied does 
not contain the proper nutrients or is 
of poor quality. Persons situated where 
they can make a good quality of corn 
or peavine silage certainly have a great 
advantage over those who try to produce 
milk on an exclusive ration of dry feed. 
The production of clover and Alfalfa 
is also of great assistance to dairymen 
in making cheap rations. c. s. G. 
Hog Ration; Fattening a Cow. 
1. Will you give me hog ration from fol¬ 
lowing : A1 grade of flour sweepings at $14 
per ton; wheat bran, $23 per ton; oil 
meal, $2.10 per 100; beet pulp, $30 per 
ton; cornmeal, $27 per ton. Can I use 
any other feeds to advantage? 1 can get 
almost anything here. 2. 1 have a large 
cow, not in calf, is dry. I can sell her 
now for $20, would bring $40 or more if 
fat. Would it pay me to fatten her? If 
so give me fattening ration ; I have clover 
hay in addition to above feeds. G. s. M. 
New Jersey. 
1. Y’our question is not very definite, 
as a ration for a hog at one stage of its 
growth may be entirely unsuited for one 
at another stage, while breeders require 
still different feed and care. After 
weaning young pigs require feed for 
growth, and a slop made of wheat mid¬ 
dlings, soaked ground oats and wheat 
bran answers the purpose as well as 
anything for Winter feed. When they 
have started to eat and grow nicely it 
is a good plan to feed a little tankage 
cr oil meal mixed with the other grain. 
Begin with a very small amount and 
increase up to five or 10 per cent of 
their grain ration. About twice as much 
oil meal can be given as tankage. As 
the pigs grow older a little cornmeal 
should be added to the ration, gradually 
increasing the proportion of cornmeal 
until, during about two months before 
marketing, it can form the greater part 
of the ration. No oil meal or tankage 
is required during the fattening period. 
A good quality of flour sweepings at $14 
per ton ought to prove to be profitable 
as a feed for growth, but my experience 
with such feed is that it contains so 
much dirt, hulls, shucks and trash of 
all sorts that it is not only expensive 
but positively dangerous as a feed for 
swine. During warm weather of course 
there is nothing that can take the place 
of good pasture as a feed for either 
growing pigs or breeders. I do not 
think it would pay to feed beet pulp 
at $30 per ton to pigs that are being 
prepared for market, but breeding sows 
require some kind of green feed like cut 
clover or Alfalfa or a few roots of 
some kind during the Winter months, so 
it would be a good plan to feed them 
some beet pulp in the absence of any¬ 
thing cheaper. 
2. If your cow had been fed properly 
she would have been in good condition 
for beef now, but under ordinary condi¬ 
tions it would not pay you to try to fat¬ 
ten her up now. c. s. G. 
Trade In Your Old Separator 
This year we shall continue to make an allowance in trade for old 
separators in exchange for the 
United States Cream Separator 
Thousands upon thousands of dairymen have taken advantage of our 
offer during the past year, and this year will probably see a great 
increase in the number of “ exchanges.” 
The old separators are of no use to us. They are sold for old 
metal to junkmen. But every United States which supplants 
an inferior, worn-out machine is another “silent” advertiser of the 
merits of the United States. That is why we shall be glad to make 
you a liberal allowance , so that you may know what the best 
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To owners of old models of the United States Cream Separator we 
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durable and still desirable in most respects, have been greatly im¬ 
proved upon in later models, especially in respect to easy running. 
It will be money in your pocket to consult a U. S. agent immediately. 
If there is none near you, write to our home office, asking for 
Catalogue No. 159, and we shall attend to your wants. 
The United States holds the World’s Record for skimming, made in 
50 consecutive tests, extending through 30 days, with the milk 
of 10 different breeds of cows. Also won the only Grand Prize 
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