1911. 
THE KURAL NEW-YORKER 
41G 
The Henyard. 
HOMEMADE BROODER. 
I made a homemade brooder like the 
one on page 48 of "The Business lien.” It 
heats ail right, hut it accumulates gas in 
the lamp box and causes the lamp to take 
Are. How would you get rid of gas in 
lamp box except by some sort of chimney, 
as the plan of homemade brooder does not 
tell? w. s. 
New Cumberland, Pa. 
It is not the “accumulated gas in the 
lamp box” that made the lamp take fire; 
it is filling the lamp too full of oil, and 
in returning it to the box care must 
be taken to carry the lamp level, or 
the oil will overflow on top of the 
lamp, and with the wick turned up high 
on a cold night the oil on top of lamp 
will sometimes catch fire. But I am 
very careful to see that there is no oil 
on top of the lamp after it is placed 
in the brooder; if there is, I carefully 
wipe it off. As to gas in the lamp box 
(by which, I presume, he means the 
fumes from the burning oil), I either 
bore three or four one-inch holes in 
the back of the lamp box, just below 
the sheet iron or leave the sliding cover 
of the entrance hole for the lamp partly 
open. In the gable ends of my brood¬ 
er house are large holes covered with 
wooden shutters hinged at top; these 
are held open by a stick, and a draft of 
air across the top of the house takes 
out whatever fumes there may be. 
There is a great difference in oil; 
only the best should be used. It would 
be a good thing to have a tin pipe 
from each lamp box connected to a long 
pipe that would carry the fumes out¬ 
doors. GEO. A. COSGROVE. 
ALL SIDES OF THE CHICKEN BUSINESS. 
‘‘When the doctors disagree, who shall 
decide?” S. II. Burton, of Indiana, tells 
the beginner to keep away from the chicken 
business as you would from a loaded gun. 
W. J. Dougan says he makes more money 
from his hens than the dairyman makes 
from his cows. Gori & Son say they made 
$120 from 12 hens in one year. James E. 
Walter, Jr., and wife evidently have hens 
that give them good returns, as they are 
inclined to back Mr. Dougan in his claims. 
All this in one number of The It. N.-Y. 
Should we look over old files we would 
find hundreds of statements from appar¬ 
ently reliable people—not expert poultry 
keepers like Mr. Cosgrove and others, who 
write so sensibly on the subject of hens— 
who tell of their success in getting a real 
and satisfactory prolit from their poultry. 
Then wlmt is the amateur going to do 
about it? Mr. Burton warns the “begin¬ 
ner” to keep away from poultry. As every¬ 
thing terrestrial has a beginning, we fear 
If Mr. Burton’s advice were generally 
adopted the race of poultrymen would soon 
become extinct. 
But has Mr. Burton been entirely fair to 
the hens? Should he expect four hens to 
pay for their feed and that of a cockerel 
and also a forty-dollar equipment? Did 
his fruit pay for the ground and buildings, 
the Implements, horses, and every tiling 
necessary to carry on the business, the first 
year? Did it do it the second year, or 
the third year? It has yielded $600 in 
cash returns in the three years. I infer 
these are gross returns. If expenses—not 
including his own labor—are deducted, 
what per cent, of profit will the remainder 
show on the total investment? I am not 
trying to minimize the profits of fruit 
growing, or making any attempt to show 
that poultry is more profitable. I merely 
wish to point out a seeming discrepancy in 
Mr. Burton’s method of figuring the re¬ 
turns from his poultry. Growing fruit is 
his principal business. Other enterprises 
are incidental, and most fruit growers 
usually find it convenient and profitable to 
carry on some kind of work in connection 
with their fruit growing. Poultry and bees 
are frequently recommended as two excel¬ 
lent side lines. If one or both fails to 
return a reasonable profit, it is not busi¬ 
ness-like to waste time with them. But 
as some people evidently do meet with 
success in both poultry and bee-keeping, 
we should know the factors that contrib¬ 
ute to or insure that success. I like the 
appearance of Mr. Burton's peach trees, and 
his rows of strawberries give me the im¬ 
pression that he knows how to grow that 
“best of all fruits.” You see, I am doing 
a little In that line myself; have about 
18 acres of strawberries to bear this year, 
besides a few acres of other small fruits, 
and I know when a strawberry row “looks 
good.” Mr. Burton will succeed in this 
work—no doubt about it. While the grow¬ 
ing of small fruits is my principal busi¬ 
ness, I also make a tidy sum from my 
poultry each year. Certainly, I should 
want a flock to furnish eggs and meat for 
my own table, if nothing more; and I 
would expect both to cost me less than 
if I bought them as needed. 
I figure that the $19 worth of young 
stock Mr. Burton raised gives him a profit 
of over 15 per cent, on the capital invested 
in buildings, fences and appliances, after 
deducting cost of feed. Did he not get 
any more eggs than were necessary to hatch 
45 head of young stock? If not, his four 
hens have certainly broken no records for 
heavy laying. Then what about the other 
cockerels that were hatched? Were the 
losses confined principally to the male 
side of the chick family, or has Mr. Bur¬ 
ton actually and truly discovered a method 
by which he can each and every time hatch 
over 80 per cent of pullets? If so, let 
him leave the lucrative business of fruit 
growing and the seductive but fatal allure¬ 
ments of poultry-keeping to those who have 
to be satisfied with small things, and seek 
the help of the printer in getting out a 
2x4 pamphlet to launch another “system” 
on the heads and purses of a defenceless 
public that is now so busy discussing reci¬ 
procity that they may not take the trouble 
to dodge. 
But I take it that Mr. Burton is sincere 
in his belief that poultry-keeping is not 
apt to be a profitable side line for him, 
and perhaps it would not. If. Mr. Bur¬ 
ton or anyone else is not adapted to this 
work, or if for any reason he cannot give 
it the same attention to details, apply econ¬ 
omy in management, and use the same 
careful business methods that are neces¬ 
sary to success in any line of work, bet¬ 
ter accept the advice that he gives and 
keep away from it as from a loaded gun. 
My experience in fruit growing prompts 
me to suggest to Mr. Burton that there 
are rocks and shoals ahead in this busi¬ 
ness that he may strike sometimes—late 
frosts, grubs, blight, and other insect pests 
and fungus diseases, that will keep him on 
the alert, and call forth the qualities that 
are necessary to win success in any line of 
human endeavor. J. c. nicholls. 
Macon Co., Ill. 
Fried Oats. —In a recent R. N.-Y'. G. W. 
McL. tells of feeding oats fried in fat. How 
does he fry them? J. L. 
I use any good clean grease, such as 
pork (fresh i fat, the grease that can be 
obtained when cooking corn beef or sausage 
fat, etc. I take one peck of oats and 
cover with scalding water and let them 
stand till the water is soaked up. Then 
to every two quarts allow one cup of hot 
fat. I’ut fat in spider and when hot pour 
in the oats and stir thoroughly. Feed 
while hot. Even if there arc more oats 
than needed at one time they will be good 
any time as long as they are used in hot 
fat. G. w. MCL. 
Referring to an article on page 148, en¬ 
titled “Business Hens and the Census,” by 
R. N. G., will say the same conditions exist 
here in western New Y’ork. Will note one 
case : Mrs. A. owned a small place less than 
three acres, kept a horse, cow and hens, 
raised berries, fruits and vegetables, from 
which was sold for cash, nearly $300. The 
enumerator said his instructions were to 
take no notice whatever of places of less 
than three acres. Surely Uncle Sam is a 
corker! On same page A. C. W. asks for 
remedy for egg eating by hens. I think it 
a bad plan to give them egg shells. Some 
roast the shells as a preventive; of course, 
that is all bosh. W. E. W. 
New York. 
After reading the account on page 148 of 
J. E. W.’s three White Wyandotte pullets, I 
concluded to send in account of my own. 
I am breeding White Wyandottes, and 
this is a record of 36 one-year-old hens, and 
commences with December 1, 1909; up to 
this time I had kept no account, but was 
prompted by the heavy laying to do so. 
From December 1, 1909, to July 1, 1910, 
these 36 hens laid 6,572 eggs, or an average 
of 31 eggs per day for a period of seven 
months. During July and August I only 
got 87 eggs ; September, 94 eggs; October, 
347 eggs, and November, 817 eggs, making 
a total of 7,917 eggs, or an average of 
219 11-12 eggs per hen for the year (De¬ 
cember 1, 1909, to December 1, 1910). 
Maine. G. 
Nest Making. —It is a popular belief 
that the hen that steals her nest is more 
likely to bring off a good hatch than the 
hen that has been regularly “set” by the 
poultry keeper. That may or may not be 
true; but, at any rate, the nest-stealing 
hen often has a great advantage over the 
other sort in being able to build her own 
nest to suit herself. She picks out a quiet, 
sheltered place to lay her eggs and hatch 
her chicks, where she thinks she will be 
free from intrusion and she makes a 
flattened, shallow nest that she can enter 
or leave easily at will; very different from 
the deep, cup-like nests that poultry keepers 
so often make, where the eggs are crowded 
together to be easily broken; where the 
hen is unable to turn her eggs properly; 
where, when hatching Degins, the chicks are 
apt to slip down to the bottom, to bo 
stepped on and killed by the hen. There 
is a great deal of poor nest making among 
poultry keepers. w. r. f. 
As our readers know, we argue that as 
population increases the meat supply from 
larger animals will not keep up. Then our 
people will bo obliged to depend more and 
more upon poultry products. This very 
thing has happened in Germany. Consul 
Frank D. Hill reports: 
“Owing to the short supply of meat In 
Germany and resulting high prices, imports 
of poultry have greatly increased. During 
the first 10 months of 1910 Germany im¬ 
ported 6,761,027 geese, 10,445 tons of chick¬ 
ens, 1,870 tons of ducks, and 281 tons of 
pigeons. During the first 10 months of 
1909 the following quantities of poultry 
were Imported : 6,029,253 geese, 8,964 tons 
of chickens, 1,851 tons of ducks, and 253 
tons of pigeons.” 
Russia is the chief source of supply. That 
country sent Germany 5,820,000 geese, 3,544 
tons of chickens and 1,100 tons of ducks in 
one year. 
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