4-4Q 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 1, 
DAIRY SHORTHORNS ONCE MORE. 
On page 214, under heading, “Good 
Words for the Short-horn,” you print a 
criticism of my article of December 17 last, 
page 1170, headed, “Dairy and Beef Com¬ 
bination Impossible.” I said in that arti¬ 
cle, referring to the two types of cow, "It 
is not possible to combine the excellence 
which they each represent in the same in¬ 
dividual or breed.” Mr. Prince, if I under¬ 
stand him, says this is a “mistaken idea.” 
I said of the Short-horns in the dairy test 
at the Columbian Exposition, “They failed 
to make good.” He says “There is where 
he falls down.” In the 90-day butter test 
at this exposition 25 cows each of three 
different breeds competed. No one will dis¬ 
pute that the Jerseys and Guernseys were 
dairy cows and nothing else. The Short¬ 
horns were of the so-called milking strain, 
Here is the result of the test in tabulated 
form. It shows that it cost 24 per cent, 
more to produce butter from milking Short¬ 
horns than from an average of the Jer¬ 
seys and Guernseys: 
Chicago ~ 
Test g 
u 
2 
4S 
0 
« 
Gain 
Live 
Weight 
Cost of 
Feed 
Cost of 
Butter 
per lb. 
Net. 
Gain 
Jersey.73,448 
4,274 
776 $587.50 
$ .138 $1,283.21 
Guernsey..(11,781 
3,360 
365 
484.14 
.144 
9H7.64 
Shorthorn. 66,263 
2,890 
2,803 
50,179 
.176 
910.12 
An allowance of 4% cents per pound 
was fixed on gain in live weight In this 
test, which Is' figured in the net gain. 
This was a dairy contest. Note the cost 
of producing butter, and of the beef ten¬ 
dency in these milking Short-horns to put 
flesh on their backs, instead of milk in the 
pail. 
In one of the Wisconsin cow censuses taken 
some years since by Hoard’s Dairyman, the 
following result was obtained as published 
in that paper: 
£S 
Wisconsin 
” o 
mO 
Cow Test 
n o 
go< 
& 
Jerseys... 
.4,798 
Holsteios. 
.6,081 
Guernseys. 
.6,141 
Mixed Dairy. 
.4.455 
Natives. 
.4,541 
Dairy Shorthorn.... 
.6,436 
Gen'l purpose “ ..... 
.4,219 
Brown Swiss on Jer 
sey Foundation... 
.5,236 
u 
© 
a „ 
u 
© 
eturns fro 
Creamery 
from $1.00 
tVorth Feet 
+3 
CO 
5-i 
s£ 
o 
et Prof! 
Cow 
CL 
K 
Zi 
244.7 
$1.62 
$17.58 
255. 
1.64 
16.99 
252.5 
1.60 
17.92 
208.5 
1.44 
12,14 
203.6 
1.31 
8.77 
240.8 
1.48 
14.77 
194.4 
1.22 
7.08 
267.8 
1.35 
12.43 
The average annual returns from the 
creamery for the three dairy breeds head¬ 
ing the list show a profit of 58.6 per cent, 
on the investment for feed. The dairy 
Short-horns show 49 per cent., and the 
general purpose Short-horns 22 per cent. 
Following is shown the result of an ex¬ 
periment made at the Minnesota Station: 
Minnesota 
Experiments 
to 
*3 
I 
3 
Beef Type.3 
Less Beet Type.4 
Lacking Depth of Body. 3 
Dairy Type.12 
© 
► 
as 
to 
UZl & 
5 « 
r-« ^ 
— c 
© be 
«W © 
bCT? 
> 
< 
w _ O 
sg- 
►>« i- 
i- 03 Qj 
AHCh 
©o 
s* 
1,240 
16.16 
17.5 
945 
21.02 
15.1 
875 
23. 
14.6 
951 
23.58 
12.1 
The third column shows amount of dry 
matter eaten daily per 1,000 pounds of live 
weight. The table shows that it cost over 
22 per cent, more to produce fat from the 
seven beef type cows than from the 15 
spare and dairy type cows. So much 
for the merit of beef type or dual-purpose 
animals compared with the dairy cow for 
milk. As regards tbe merits of the two 
classes for beef. Prof. Henry, author of 
“Feeds and Feeding,” says, "We are thus 
unable from tbe data at hand to show a 
pound of feed goes further in making gain 
with beef bred animals than with those 
not especially designed for that purpose. 
It apears that tbe beef representatives 
when fattening place a larger portion of 
the fat between the muscular fibers of the 
tissues. Steers of the dairy breeds on 
the other hand deposit much fat about the 
Intestines and kidneys. While fat stored, 
as in the dairy breeds, may be best placed 
for animals designed for milk production, 
such disposition is certainly against their 
usefulness in beef production. In this 
distinction we have a remarkable example 
of the effort toward specialization in the 
beef and dairy breeds, and the lesson is 
Important and far-reaching.” Below is 
the record »of 18 steers, representing nine 
breeds, ranging from purebred beef, through 
dual purposes, to pure dairy animals fat¬ 
tened by the Iowa Experiment Station, 
shipped to Chicago and passed upon by <a 
committee of three stock buyers : 
Average Expert 
Breed Live Weight, Valuation 
pounds. Per 100 lbs. 
Hereford .1,525 $6.62^ 
Short-horn .1,660 6.37^ 
Galloway .1,635 6.37 
Aberdeen Angus.1,725 6.37^ 
Red Polled...1,520 6.25 
Swiss .1,570 6.00 
Devon .1,290 5.75 
Holstein .1,410 5.00 
Jersey .1,430 4.50 
Here is a difference between highest and 
lowest of 32 per cent. The data above pre¬ 
sented with the exception of the Wisconsin 
census is accessible to all, and can be found 
in Henry’s “Feed and Feeding.” The les¬ 
son seems plain. The splendid qualities of 
the dairy cow on the one hand and of the 
beef cow on the other, each the result of 
generations of selection for opposite pur¬ 
poses are not to be found combined in 
any animal or breed. In this beef ex¬ 
periment the Short-horn is near tbe head. 
In the dairy census her half-sister, the gen¬ 
eral purpose Short-horn is at the foot. In 
any thoroughbred test where all breeds and 
types are represented, the dual purpose ani¬ 
mal will be found in the middle, designed 
for two things, and unable to do either 
well. H. H. HERRING. 
Garget. 
I have a cow that gave thick milk out 
of two teats before she was dried up; now 
she has been fresh about three weeks, and 
she still gives thick milk. Can you tell 
me what caused it, and what to do for 
it? G. E. K. 
New York. 
Infective matters have invaded the ud¬ 
der. Milk out three times a day. Twice 
daily foment affected quarters with hot 
water and after drying rub well with a 
mixture of one part fluid extract of poke 
root and three parts of melted lard, used 
warm. Protect udder against chill and 
bruising. a. s. a. 
Lameness. 
I have a horse that is lame, the cause 
of which is supposed to be an injured 
tendonous sheath of the ankle joint (left 
hind ankle). There is a bunch at this 
joint on outside, which is like a wind puff, 
and is hard when standing on that foot; 
when not .it is soft. On inside of leg it 
is enlarged some. This injury was caused 
by horse trying to back when foot was 
caught in pronged root. Can you prescribe 
a treatment that will cure this horse? 
New York. N. e. w. 
Have the affected parts line-fired and 
blistered by a qualified veterinarian and 
then allow the horse six weeks rest. 
A. S. A. 
Grease. 
I have a horse with right hind foot 
swollen to some extent; hard scabby sub¬ 
stance on the back of the foot between 
the fetlock and the hoof. I washed it with 
water and castile soap and applied hoof 
grower to keep it soft, also used liniment 
to help heal it up. It seemed to heal up 
all right, but has now broken out again, 
and seems to be worse than before, as it 
has worked farther around on one side 
towards the front of the foot. I keep the 
horse in a box stall all the time and feed 
him on mi^cd hay and about eight or nine 
quarts of ground oats a day, with an 
occasional warm bran mash, also some car¬ 
rots. He is quite a hard keeper; had his 
teeth filed last Fall. His appetite is very 
strong. I do not have much work to do 
with him now. As far as I can see he is 
not lame at all, but it is a trifle tender 
when pressed. He is' about 15 years of 
age. Can you tell me, what is the mat¬ 
ter ? A. H. 
Pennsylvania. 
Over-feeding and idleness cause such 
chronic troubles and the cause must be 
removed else the ailment will persist. Put 
the horse to steady daily work or turn 
him out of doors and make him live on 
grass alone during the Summer. Do not 
feed grain of any sort and never feed 
ground oats to a horse; make a horse chew 
whole grain. Keep the affected parts satu¬ 
rated with a thick creamy mixture of flow¬ 
ers of sulphur and raw linseed oil, to each 
pint of which . add half an ounce of coal 
tar disinfectant. Do not wash the legs. 
A. s. A. 
Dip N21 
MORE MONEY 
GIVES 
MORE SATISFACTION. 
NO STOCK CAN THRIVE IF PESTERED 
WITH LICE,TICKS,MITES,FLEAS, 
SCAB,MANGE,AND OTHER SKIN; 
DISEASES. 
TO CLEAN OUT ThESE 
PARASITES, GUARD AGAtNST 
CONTAGIOUS DISEASES, 
CLEANSE, PURIFY, AND 
DEODORIZE.USE 
BETTER THAN OTHERS,BECAUSE, IT IS 
STANDARDIZED, 
UNIFORM, DEPENDABLE. EFFICIENT. ONE 
GALLON OF KRESO DIP NO.I MAKES 60 
TO 100 GALLONS OF SOLUTION(DEPENDING 
« UPON WHAT USE IS TO BE HADE OF IT.) 
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DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL 
INDUSTRY. 
DETROIT,MICH 
U.S. 
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