1911. 
THE RURAL* NEW-YORKER 
447 
MAKING AN OX YOKE. 
H. W. S. is correct as to oxen being a 
solution as a team for a poor man, but 
should not lose sight of the fact that they 
are the most profitable team for the large 
farmer. I do not mean one yoke of oxen 
with one man and one plow, but two teams 
abreast and let one man turn three fur¬ 
rows. The time is coming when the gaso¬ 
line motor is practical for the moderately 
large farm, but for the present oxen are 
the best except on the large western tracts. 
The economical sized farm is one that will 
keep two yoke of oxen and a 1 , 200 -pound 
team of horses, with another horse to drive 
and fill in as the third horse where needed. 
The oxen will do all of the heavy work, 
including the hauling of hay and grain. 
Horses cultivate the corn and do the mow¬ 
ing and reaping. It will need three horses 
on the binder, although the oxen will do 
2.*HOLES EOHBOm 
fenugreek, red pepper, charcoal and sul¬ 
phur as a tonic, and how much would you 
advise using? W. E. C. 
Yashon, Wash. 
To get eggs in paying quantities dur¬ 
ing the Fall and Winter months, up to 
and including January, it is necessary 
to rely almost entirely upon pullets 
which were hatched the preceding 
Spring, unless you have an extra good 
strain of layers which have been selected 
and bred for their laying qualities in¬ 
stead of their standard qualifications. 
The American Standard of Perfection 
does not take the laying qualities of a 
bird into consideration at all at the pres¬ 
ent time. You are certainly taking good 
care of your flock, and I am unable to 
suggest much improvement unless it 
would be slightly to increase the green 
cut bone. If you would select a few of 
your best, layers to breed from and con- 
STAPLE 
*— 9" —H i^- 8" ?j*r- s" 
DIAGRAM OF OX YOKE. Fir,. 149. 
the binding if a right-band cutting ma- tinue this practice for a few years, selling 
.bine is used. One good yoke of oxen off all old stock every Fall, except the 
will handle about the same load as three best layers which are required for breed¬ 
ers, I think you will find that your dis¬ 
couraging experience this Winter will 
horses, although not quite so fast. 
H. W. S. is wrong in his idea of fast 
oxen, or of working in harness. Work them 
at an ox gait and load heavily. An ox 
is as much out of place in a collar, so 
far as easy work is concerned, as would 
be a horse In a yoke. The yoke is just the 
reason the ox can haul the larger load, 
lie lifts and pushes, and the horse can 
only push. Do not make the mistake of 
using a straight yoke. The stick from 
which yoke is made should be of light 
wood (basswood is good) and Gxl2 inches. 
If any of the readers happened to see that 
yoke that was in the California exhibit at 
the World’s Fair in Chicago he saw not 
only a work of art, but a yoke in which a 
pair of oxen could haul a three-horse load 
easily. Not only use a good yoke to work 
them in, but use a good one when training. 
See that it fits. 
I send you a rough sketch (Fig. 149) 
diagramming a yoke the right size for the ave¬ 
rage size ox. Take a stick 6x12 inches and 
draw a line one inch from and parallel with 
one edge. Lay off eight inches and square. 
Open compass eight inches and describe a 
Half circle around the point where the two 
lines intersect, which will leave three inches 
at the top of circle. Turn the compass 
along base line, which will lay off eight 
inches and square. This will be the exact 
center of yoke. The other half is drawn 
the same way. Now lay off two inches on 
each side of center line, from which points 
draw lines that will intersect with the half 
circle. Lay off four inches on each side 
of the line that passes through the center 
of the half circle, making eight inches at 
the top of yoke and nine inches at the bot¬ 
tom. This is the line for boring the holes 
f »r the bows. In other words, the centers 
of the bows should be eight inches at top 
and nine inches at bottom. Bore from the 
top with two-inch auger far enough to pass 
the half circle. Now you are ready to block 
out the yoke. Block square and round 
over the neck and down to the staple. This 
rounding is important, and should be done 
right. The ball of the thumb is the shape 
of the rounding portion where it rests on 
the necks. Have staple made with parallel 
portion just far enough apart to let ring 
pass, and large enough at bottom so chain 
will easily pass through. Pass six 3-8-inch 
bolts at points indicated by dots. Staple 
-hould be 15-16 inch iron and ring 3-4 
inch. One can buy a nice-looking straight 
yoke cheaper than he can make one, but 
1 have never found one in stock in which 
an ox can work easily. People who make 
these stock yokes would not know how 
to use them and know nothing about what 
is required for a good yoke. 
NAT L. ROWE. 
A Washington Laying Flock. 
* ha ve recently purchased a poultry 
anch, stocked with S. C. White Leghorns, 
hen« P a n f i ts il Ia y ia S age, 300 one-year-old 
uens and 100 two-year-olds, which have 
.iT?, ! n aa °P'- n front (curtained) 
. 24 x 1 12 . divided into four rooms, 
iney have been in the house since October 
t cnoL 1118 ? 1 ’ after the y are on the perch, 
mpreuL er ln e l ,t 1 L er three gallons of com- 
mercial scratch feed; at 10 a. m. I give 
mnoh SamG ’ 2* 2 P- m . nine gallons of 
comprised of 200 pounds bran, 200 
or U hf S i eorni n e aI, 200 pounds rolled oats 
nnt? ey . an , d 100 pounds of shorts. The 
ut.n are steamed before being 
hnr, < I’ addm & three pounds of green ground 
vHt° c °h n eef cracklings for each 100 hens; 
forornnJ! and , charcoal in hoppers always; 
also Alfalfa leaves in hopper; 
'° yarned and added to mash at 4 
eorn Us ^ ns . o£ ef iual parts cracked 
before n< tn Wheat n n ^tter ; fresh soft water 
thorofiehnr em i a .i of the -time. Houses 
gettimr° h 3 n cl T aned weekly. As I am only 
dozen eggs a week and my 
von d w e Ti 0r go L foi I r tiroes that, what think 
jou is the matter? What do you think of 
prove to be a “blessing in disguise.” One 
of the most serious handicaps to the 
poultry business at t 'e present time is 
that the birds have jeen bred promis¬ 
cuously from anything and everything, 
more often for fancy points than any¬ 
thing else, until we have, so far as my 
observation has reached, no better stock 
than we had several years ago, consider¬ 
ing the utility qualities only. I cannot 
advise the use of tonics except as a 
medicine. c. S. G. 
You Insure 
Your Buildings 
against wind and light¬ 
ning. Do you protect 
them against weathering ? 
Rain and frost get into 
every little grain and crack 
of the boards of an unpainted 
building and cause early rot 
and ruin. 
Paint made of 
“Dutch Boy Painter” 
White Lead 
and genuine linseed oil gives buildings a 
coating weather can’t get through. It 
saves repair bills and early rebuilding. 
Get "Dutch Boy Fainter” White Lead for 
your painter—you can tell it by the Dutch Boy 
painter on every keg. 
We want you to write for our “Helps 
No. 1108 which answer all Questions 
about painting. 
National Lead Company 
New York Cleveland Chicago 
St. Louis Boston Buffalo 
Cincinnati San Francisco 
John T. Lewis A Bros. Co., Philadelphia 
National Lead & Oil Co., Pittsburgh 
The Best Way To ConserveThe 
Natural Re sources 0f \our Farm 
Y OUR land is your biggest asset. On its power to grow good 
crops depends your very livelihood. What are you doing to 
insure its continued fertility—your future prosperity? 
There is a great national movement on foot now for “The 
Conservation of Our Natural Resources.” Don’t think this ap¬ 
plies only to our forests and coal mines. The soil, too, has been 
drained of its natural wealth by season after season of bumper 
crops. For your own good, join the soil conservation 
movement now. Begin on your own farm. There is a 
practical, economical, profitable way. Invest in an 
I H C Manure Spreader 
as hundreds of other farmers have done. By distribu¬ 
ting your manure with one of these efficient machines 
you can keep your land always in top-notch condition. 
Barnyard manure is rich in the elements that enrich the 
soil, and an I H C Manure Spreader enables you to 
distribute it in the way to use all of it to the best 
advantage. I H C Spreaders are so designed that 
the manure can be spread in just the right amount 
^required by the condition of the soil—a heavy coat 
where it is most needed—a light 
top dressing where that is best. 
They are simple and strong in 
every part. Their dependability has 
been proved by years of service. 
I H C Spreaders are made in three styles : 
Kemp 20th Century 
Corn King Cloverleaf 
in sizes suitable for any size farm. 
Call on the I H C local dealer and see the one 
best adapted to your needs. Ask him about the 
bigger profits I H C Spreaders are bringing to 
users. If you prefer, write direct fori H C Spreader 
catalogue and full information. 
Internationa! Harvester Company of America 
(Incorporated) 
I H C 
Service Bureau 
The purpose of 
this Bureau is to 
furnish farmers with 
information on bet¬ 
ter farming. If you 
have any worthy 
question concerning 
soils, crops, pests, 
fertilizer, etc,, write 
to the IHC Service 
Bureau, and learn 
what our experts 
and others have 
found out concern¬ 
ing those subjects. 
Chicago 
USA 
NATURAL Ground PHOSPHATE 
lit Rotating Your 
Crops don’t fail J 
to apply Natural 
t i n e-Ci round 
Phosphate when 
breaking your clover, 
grass or grain stubble 
sods. •,This is the best 
time to apply it to the 
soil direct Address 
THE RELIABLE 
LAND 
BUILD 
ER 
The right amount 
applied just then, 
at not over $ 1.00 
per acre cost per 
crop, will increase 
each crop grown dur¬ 
ing the rotation from 50 
to 75 X Write for free 
Booklet, telling all 
about it. 
THE FARMERS GROUND ROCK PHOSPHATE CO.EsIel 
Bickmore’s 
Harness and Saddle Gails 
all 
ure 
Quinn's Ointment 
iloes for tho horse what no other remedy can do. 
There’s not a curb, splint, spavin, wind puff or hunch 
that it will not remove. Sure and speedy. Thous¬ 
ands of horse owners use it—Quinn’s alone. They 
regard it as the unfailing remedy. 
PRICE 91.00 PER BOTTLE. 
At all druggists or sent by mail. Testimonials free. 
W. B. Eddy & Co., Whitehall, New York. 
Great hot weather remedy for galls, sore 
shoulders, wire cuts, sores. A healing, cur¬ 
ing salve in use 18 years; standard remedy 
with horsemen. Cures while horse work s. Sold 
by dealers ; money back if it falls. Send 5c 
(for postage and packing) and get sample 
and 84-page valuable horse book. 
Bickmore Call Cure Company 
Box 232 Old Town, Maine 
WHEELS, FREIGHT PAID, $8.75 
for 4 Buggy Wheel*, Steel Tires. With Rubber Tires, 
$15.20. I maoufacture wh^ela % to 4 in. tread. Buggy 
Tops $5.50, Shafts $2.00, Top Buggies $2;{, Harness $5* 
L/*arn how to buy direct. Catalog free. R-^air Wheels, 
$5.50. Wagoa Umbrella Fuxs, >V.K. BOOB, Ciu’ti, 0 * 
Low Factory Price Sells This Cultivator Quick 
30 Days’ Trial—No Money Down p “ 
Freight Paid No Matter Where You Live 
We manufacture the Cultivator you want in the Spring Tooth, Pivot Axle, or 
Walking Style, or Lever Drag—each the most perfect tool of its class—guaranteed 
for all time—and each offered at a delivered price that shames all competitors. 
Pick the one best suited to your needs and try it tree, 30 days or more. We 
demand no money in advance, no deposit. 
We show here the original spring-tooth cultivator brought down to 1911 perfec¬ 
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work no other cultivator can do. Has widest range of adjustments. With center 
section of 5 teeth bolted in, makes a first-class, easy-riding, spring-tooth harrow. 
Also a perfect Broadcast Seeder and Bean Harvester with simple attachments. 
Take Your Choice 
-of Cash or Credit 
No other cultivators made, regardless of prices asked, compare with Detroit- 
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no agent, no mail-order house can give you this quality—a Detroit-American. 
We deal only direct from factory. 
Write for free book. See the cultivator you want at the right price. Also shows 
the Detroit-American Manure Spreader and Tongueless Disc Harrows. Don’t 
watt till it’s too late to learn how much we save you. Send postal by next mail, 
American Harrow Co., 1632 Hastings St., Detroit, IWSch 
Detroit - American 
