1011. 
TH fcC RURAL NEW-YORKER 
438 
Ruralisms 
WHO PRODUCED THE ABUNDANCE PLUM? 
In 1884 or 1885 we imported from Ja¬ 
pan 12 or more varieties of Japan plums. 
Among these were the Botan and Ogon. 
These bore specimens in three years af¬ 
ter we planted them. At that time there 
were no other Japan plums bearing in 
the State. Messrs. Albertson & Hobbs, 
owning a nursery near Indianapolis, 
called on us to see these plums; and 
expressed surprise that we should have 
then in bearing, while they had them in 
the bud only. A few years after a 
neighbor bought from some New Jersey 
nursery a number of Abundance plums. 
When they came in bearing they were 
identical with my Botan. No San Jose 
scale was thought of then, and we have 
none now. Three or four of those im¬ 
ported trees are still bearing, though 
over 26 years old. j. h. haynes. 
Indiana. 
IS OLDENBURG APPLE SELF-FERTILE? 
A. A. H., Port Clinton, 0.—I intend to 
top-graft three acres of apple trees set last 
Fall to Duchess of Oldenburg. The block 
will be isolated from any other apple 
trees. Are they self-pollenizers, to insure 
good crops, or if not, what variety should 
I use with them to fertilize them? I have 
six rows in the block. Would the third row 
be enough to fertilize the two rows on 
one side and the three rows on the other 
side? 
Ans.— I have heard no complaint of 
the Oldenburg being unable to pollenize 
its own blossoms. From the fact that its 
great hardiness in sections of our coun¬ 
try where many other varieties perish by 
cold has resulted in planting largely of 
Oldenburg, we may reasonably infer that 
it is a self-fertile variety. In fact, most 
of our better-known varieties of apples 
will bear quite well when planted alone, 
although it has been observed that they 
are benefited to a greater or lesser ex¬ 
tent when there may be cross-pollination 
by having different varieties planted in 
the same orchard. It is. safe to say that 
if A. A. IT. plant the third row of the 
six with some other variety there will 
be no lack of cross-pollination, and as 
good results should be expected as where 
a greater proportion of the orchard were 
set to a different variety. 
F. H. BALLOU. 
FLORA OF PUGET SOUND. 
A reader of The R. N.-Y. at Twin Falls, 
Idaho, wants to know what kind of a plant 
is the Oregon grape. That brings me to the 
point of giving a short description of some 
of the plants native to the Puget Sound 
country. The region might include, a large 
area of the Pacific Northwest, lying west 
of the Cascade Mountains, and bordering on 
the Pacific ocean. Being a rain-belt sec¬ 
tion, with long Summers and short Winters, 
the natural flora differs from almost every 
other section of the United States. The 
natural condition of the land touching the 
shores of Puget Sound and sloping back 
to the mountains, is that of an extensive 
forest. Western Washington, for instance, 
at one time had more than eight million 
acres in native timber. The demands of 
commerce, for city building and shipment 
abroad, has cut the timber from approx¬ 
imately 2,250,000 acres. That wide area 
now represents an almost continuous wil¬ 
derness of stumps and logs, and is known 
locally as logged-off land. Here and there 
are railroad towns, and occasional farms and 
orchards. With the removal of the mar¬ 
ketable timber came the forest fires, and 
the laying waste of great tracts of land. 
Then nature attempted the work of refores¬ 
tation. The new growth consists largely 
of shrubs, flowers, berries and ferns, scat¬ 
tered among the young evergreens. The 
original trees were chiefly of the evergreen 
family, consisting of fir, cedar and hemlock. 
Among the deciduous timber, native to the 
country, were such trees as maple, alder 
and oak. The maple and alder grow on 
bottom lands and the oak in the gravel or 
prairie formations. 
Rhododendrons cover one section of the 
Puget Sound district. That comprises por¬ 
tions of three counties, Kitsap, Mason and 
Jefferson. A few' years ago, w'hen the pop¬ 
ular vote was to decide on the State flower, 
the boats entering Seattle harbor were 
loaded with Rhododendrons and the flowers 
distributed throughout the city. They 
captivated everybody, and the Rhododen¬ 
dron w'on as the most popular candidate, 
the plant is a shrub, growing mainly on 
sandy or gravelly soil, generally where the 
moisture is deficient during the Summer 
months. Oregon grape, Berberis repeas, is a 
bright little shrub that stands ail sorts of 
not and cold weather, and seems to prefer 
semi-arid conditions. It seldom attains a 
height of more than two feet, and generally 
?? n °t s ? tall. Many plants bear a rich, 
blue-black cluster of fruit, resembling 
grapes. The fruit is used for making 
syrup, canning and preserving. The foli¬ 
age resembles holly leaves, and the Oregon 
grape frequently takes the place of imported 
holly, for decorating homes and public halls. 
Huckleberries are shrubby plants, grow¬ 
ing in the open country. They are of three 
distinct types; one bears blue, another 
black and another red fruits. The berries 
are always marketable, pickers often get¬ 
ting 10 cents a pound for choice huckle¬ 
berries ; in fact I have seen the berries 
selling on the Seattle markets for 25 cents 
a pound. The plants are w r oody, and re¬ 
main in the same spot for years, the black 
and blue being evergreen and the red a 
deciduous plant. The berries are used for 
home canning, for pies and w'ine making. 
Madronas are peculiar trees, of hard w'ood, 
bearing evergreen leaves and giving out 
fragrant blossoms every year. The tree 
sheds its bark in the Spring, ahd, from a 
brown color, turns to a rich green, followed 
by a pink appearance and then back to 
the. glossy yellow' or brown for the Winter. 
It is a remarkably clean tree, and seems to 
have no enemies. The roots go down, much 
the same as hickory, and the plants are 
often difficult to reset, because of not hav¬ 
ing sufficient surface rootlets. Wild black¬ 
berries are the best native fruits growing 
in the Puget Sound region. They are 
sought by families, markets and all want¬ 
ing the combination of wild flavor and ex¬ 
cellent fruit. It w r as customary, years ago, 
for the Indians to burn over tracts of for¬ 
est, every Summer, to open up the country 
for wild berries. That did two things—- 
supplied fruits for home use and attracted 
the bear and fowls of the timbered districts. 
Then the pioneers followed the same plan, 
and tne wild berries are well distributed 
over the logged-off territory. Salal berries 
are grown on small, shrubby bushes. They 
are picked and mixed with Oregon grape 
for making jams and jellies, and for boil¬ 
ing to a syrup, which many prefer to that 
purchased in cans, coming from the refin¬ 
ing mills of somewhere. The salal plant, 
like the others, thrives on sandy, gravelly 
upland, from which the timber - has been 
removed. Its berries are ripe in September, 
and stand beside the huckleberries, until 
Christmas, giving fruits for the people and 
food for fowls and animals. Salmon berries 
are among the wild fruits, growing • in 
marshy and shaded spots, along the water¬ 
ways. The plants stand about four feet, 
and branch out, in tree form. If there is 
enough room for spreading. The fruits are 
rich salmon color and come about the first 
thing in the Spring, being much sought by 
birds and wild fowl. Wild raspberries are 
fine, ornamental unbrella-shaped plants, 
bearing black fruits, and companions of the 
salmon berries. joel siiomaker. 
Washington. 
THE 0 K CHAMPION SPRAYER 
Paris Green 
that is 
Effective 
T HERE are many Greens on the 
market, but they are not all of the 
. same quality. The result-produc¬ 
ing kind must possess two essential prop¬ 
erties : first, insect killing power ; and 
second, freedom from an excess of the un¬ 
combined or “free” arsenic which blights 
and burns the foliage. Both these attri¬ 
butes are secured to an unusual degree in 
SHERWIN-WILLIAMS 
PARIS GREEN 
Our special processes insure a Green 
which is exceptionally strong in poisonous 
properties, yet one which contains so little 
‘‘free” or uncombined arsenic as to make 
it absolutely safe in so far as its effect 
upon the vegetation itself is concerned. 
In addition to these points its uniform 
unbroken crystal construction makes it 
unusually light in gravity, so that it holds 
well _ in suspension, does not wash off 
readily, and covers a large area per pound. 
Always full net weight. Write for prices 
on your requirements. 
The Sherwin-Williams Co. 
MAKERS OF INSECTICIDES AND FUNGICIDES 
Insures the potato and 
other vegetable crops 
from damage by blight 
or bugs. Their Work 
Guaranteed. 
ALL BRASS Double 
Acting High Pressure 
Bronze Ball Valve Force 
Pump with relief valve 
is unequalled. 
LARGE ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE FREE 
describing 0 K Champion Potato Sprayers, 
Planters, Diggers, etc., with particulars. 
Write today. 
Champion Potato Machinery Co. 
151 Chicago A ye.. Hammond, Ind. 
SPRAY fruits and 
* FIELD CROPS 
"™^ and do whitewashing in most effectual, economical, 
rapid wa j. Satiefaction guaranteed. BROWN’S 
’ POWER R Auto-Sprays 
1 No. 1, shown her., ia fltto.l with Auto-Pop Nratlo— 
/ ""'AU.' orillD » r r •prayer,. Endorsed by Ei- 
J periment StAtiooa and 300,000 other,. 40 style, and 
1 .„ I f s °‘ h * Dd ,n,1 1 P 0 "«r Bprayerfl—also price, 
' » nd viloabl, spraying guido In our Free Book. 
Writo postal now. 
THE E. C. BROWN COMPANY 
11 o Jay St . Rochester, N. X. 
SIT 
635 CANAL ROAD 
CLEVELAND, O. 
This book, “Spraying— I 
a Profitable Invest¬ 
ment,” sent free. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
It. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
POTATO 
SPRAYERS 
233 Bushels 
"ONE FOR All,” No. 1 
I 
OCATH TO INSCCTS A FUNGI 
Barrel,. 425 lbs ..._ - ns- per 111 
« Bbl,.,200 Ibs.^— os-, 
100 lb,......__ “ 
50 lbs..— _ nMf' ° 
25 lb,- cum. —.03 
r O. 8 NEW YORK 
Wool Greet,e, Arsenate of Lead, Lime-Sulphur 
Combined. A Contact and Pouon Spray. 
A t\ Insecticide & Fungicide. 
Only Thing Needed for all Pe*ti or Fungus.’ 
WRITE FOR BOOKLET. 
MANHATTAN'OIL COMPANY 
Eatabjiahed 18 SJ 
.61 Front Street. New York 
more per acre by 
Spraying 
That is what the 
New York Exper¬ 
iment Station 
reports as a 
year averagt* 
Gain by Spray 
ing potatoes. 
Don’t let 
blight, scab, 
rot, and 
bugs cut _ _. 
your crop In half— but get a HURST Sprayer and 
make all the Money you are really entitled to for 
your work out of your Potatoes or fruit. Spray 
first, then if you bny, Pay Us out of the “Extra Pro- 
fit.” These sprayers Spray Anything, potatoes, 
orchards, vineyards, truck (4 to 6 rows at a time). 
"Man-power and horse-power.” Powerful pres¬ 
sure. Easy on man and horse. Strong and 
durable. Brass valves, plunger, strainer, etc. 
Guaranteed for 5 Years. 
Shipped on Free Trial 
without a cent in advance. No bank deposit. 
no strings” to our trial offer. Wholesale prices. 
Wo pay Freight. 
W rite ns a letter or card 
and tell us which mach¬ 
ine you are interested 
in, and you’ll get free our 
valuable SprayingGuide 
—Catalog—and ourspec- 
lal Free Offer to first in 
each locality this season. 
Be first to write us. 
H. 1. HURST MFG. CO.. 
*81 NORTH ST.. CANTON. OHIO 
Spray 30 Acres a Day 
Potatoes, Small Fruits, Vines 
Spraying that counts. 6 rows at a time with force to do 
work right. Foliage sprayed all over, under as well as 
on lop. The Perfection Sprayer is also great at orchard 
work. Spray trees by hand. Easy to maintain iao 
pounds pressure with two nozzles going. Strong 60 
gallon tank, perfect agitation, absolutely beat spray 
pump made. Spray pipes fold up—you can 
drive close to trees and in narrow places. 
Over 23 years a sprayer builder. 1 know re¬ 
quirements, and I know the Perfection is 
right. Over lOOO In use, 
all giving satisfaction. 
W rite for Free Catalog. 
Don’t bny any sprayer 
till it comes. 
THOMAS 
PEPPLER 
Box 45,Hightstown,N.J . 
II DDR V Adopted bythe N.Y .State FruitGrowers’Ass’n- 
Omni IT WILL PAY YOU TO USE EITIIKK. 
PASTE OR POWDERED 
FOR ALL LEAF EATING INSECTS 
RESPONSIBLE DISTRIBUTERS ahoAGENTS WANTEO 
KEY BRAND 
RIGHT PRICE and MATERI AL 
FUNGICIDE and INSECTICIDE 
i USE 
INTERSTATE CHEMICAL CO. 
HDAYVIEW AVE..JERSEY CITY. N.J. 
WRITE FOR PRICES,CIRCULARS ETC. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITEDl 
SPRAY 
Watson OSPRAYMO 4-ROW 
High Pressure Potato Sprayer 
Never damages foliage, but always reaches bugs, worms, and 
other foliage-eating insects. lias all improvements,—adjustable 
wheel Width, spray and pressure instantly regulated. Capacity 80 to 40 
acresadav. free formula book. Send for instruction book sliowiug the 
famous Garfield, Leader, Empire King and other sprayers. 
FIELD FORCE PUMP CO., » Eleventh St., Elmira, N. Y. 
Frait Sprayed with 
Bowkcr’s “Pyrox” 
brings more money because ft is free from injury by worms, 
" scab, etc. Over 300 testimonials in our 
new catalogue show the great value of this preparation on all kinds of fruits 
and vegetables. Pyrox serves two purposes ; it kills insects and prevents dis¬ 
ease and blemish. It adheres to the foliage even through heavy rains, saving- 
labor and cost of re-spraying. Perfectly safe. It is all ready to use by mixing 
with cold water. Every grower who seeks fruit and vegetables free from 
blemish needs “Pyrox,” the “one best spray.” It 
“Fills the barrel with the kind they used to put on Top” 
. Send for new catalogue with photograph of sprayed and unsprayed fruit in 
original colors. TV ill convince the most skeptical. Say how many and what 
kinds of fruit trees, or how many acres of potatoes you have to spray, and ask 
tor special prices. We ship from Boston, Baltimore, and Cincinnati. 
ROWKFR INSECTICIDE COMPANY, 
▼ ▼ ll -LJ XV 43 CHATHAM STREET. BOSTON. MASS. 
