1911. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
621 
QUESTIONS ABOUT HAIRY VETCH. 
Since the publication of the articles on 
Hairy vetch by Mr. Shamel there have been 
so many questions about this crop that it 
seems desirable to give more attention to 
it—as is done below : 
Time for Sowing Hairy Vetch. —For 
cover crop purposes, in general the best 
time is from August 15 to September 15, 
although the exact time for sowing must 
depend on circumstances. In cornfields 
I would recommend sowing during 
August, in tobacco fields as soon as the 
tobacco crop has been removed, and in 
orchards the latter part of August or 
early September. For seed production, 
sow one bushel of vetch seed with about 
one-half bushel of rye seed per acre dur¬ 
ing the first two weeks In September. 
Cut the vetch and rye when a majority 
of the vetch pods are ripe, and before 
they begin to “pop” open. The best 
time for cutting the vetch seed crop can 
only be determined from experience. 
After cutting, pile in small cocks until 
Facts Wanted About Lime-Sulphur. 
R., Essex , N. Y. — I have read everything 
I could get hold of about spraying with 
lime-sulphur, but am afraid I do not know 
much about it yet. The article on pages 
160-161, by W. H., contains the most infor¬ 
mation for me of any I have seen. I would 
like to know if the stone lime, such as is 
used for building purposes, is all right; if 
not, where can I get some that is? Also, 
does the solution need agitating while spray¬ 
ing? Would it be better for me to buy the 
concentrate or make it for 225 quite large 
trees slightly affected with Oyster-shell 
scale? A neighbor has an orchard of about 
the same size that he wishes me to spray, 
as I have ordered a power outfit, and if I 
can get things to work right will do so. 
Altogether this would make about 450 trees. 
Can you tell me anything about how much 
I should make or buy for the first spraying? 
. Ans. —The stone lime generally used 
for building is all right if it tests 90 per 
cent or over of calcium oxide. It is bet¬ 
ter to keep the mixture agitated, and if 
lime is used for a marker it must be 
agitated. My opinion has always been 
that any trees that need spraying need 
a good application. We have never been 
able to do it satisfactorily, to us, with 
ENDLESS BELT 
/ J JLOLLER 
VETCH SEED 
ROLLER \ 
CRANK FOR 
TURNING CANVAS 
\ELT COWARDS 
i TOP OF INCLINE 
_ i t; 
\ cetchbinJ 
3 FT WIDE CANVAS ENDLESS BELT 
FRAME 
rye a/// 
A' 
MACHINE FOR SEPARATING RYE AND VETCH SEEDS. Fig. 177. 
thoroughly dry. If possible cover the 
cocks to protect the seed pods. 
Method of Thrashing Seed. —If only 
a small crop is grown, and no power 
thrasher is available, the seed can be 
thrashed out satisfactorily with flails. 
The ordinary grain thrasher can be used 
with a little adjustment of the sieves 
and concaves. In several cases small 
thrashers run by gasoline engines are 
used, the thrasher being owned coopera¬ 
tively by a neighborhood. Inquiry of 
implement dealers will usually result in 
the address of manufacturers of small 
thrashers. 
Method of Separating Vetch and 
Rye. —The method used by Mr. Brewer 
and the writer was suggested by Prof. 
W. W. Tracey, of the U. S. Department 
of Agriculture. The first machine was 
a homemade affair costing practically 
nothing. Later a power separator was 
devised, costing about $25. The rough 
sketch, Fig. 177, illustrates the principle 
of the separator, which can be modified 
to suit individual conditions. 
The mixed seed is thrown on the in¬ 
clined canvas belt at about point A. The- 
round vetch seed will roll down the belt 
and fall into the vetch bin, while the rye 
seeds will be caught on the nap of the 
cloth belt and be carried up over the top, 
falling into the rye bin. A hopper can 
be used for holding the mixed seed, and 
so regulated as to let the seed fall on 
the belt in a uniform manner. Power 
can be utilized for running the belt if 
desired by attaching a belt wheel to the 
upper roller instead of crank. 
Sources of Seed.— It will probably be 
impossible to secure an adequate supply 
of acclimated seed, as it is contracted 
for months ahead in the neighborhoods 
where it is raised. If it cannot be ob¬ 
tained, I would recommend the sowing 
of a small acreage of imported Hairy 
vetch (Vicia villosa) seed, which can be 
stcured from any reliable seed firm. In 
this way the seed can be acclimated and 
adapted to local conditions, if the work 
is carried on for several years. There is 
no reason why most farmers cannot de¬ 
velop their own supply of seed, but if it 
is not practicable I would urge careful 
trials of imported seed. If several farm¬ 
ers will club together and import their 
own seed a considerable saving can be 
effected. Much of the vetch seed (V. 
sativa) used in California is imported 
directly by the farmers. 
Vetch for Southern Districts. —In 
southern districts Summer vetch, some¬ 
times called Oregon vetch (Vicia sa- 
tiva), will probably be worthy of trial. 
Seed of this species can be obtained 
from most seed houses, as it is grown 
extensively for seed in the Northwest. 
Hairy vetch has been found to be valu¬ 
able in many southern districts for cover 
crop and forage crop purposes. In sow¬ 
ing vetch for seed it is not desirable to 
sow it in very rich soil, as the vetch and 
rye plants make such a rank growth un¬ 
der these conditions that the crop is 
hkely to lodge and make harvesting a 
difficult matter. a. d. shamel. 
less than about 12 gallons per tree for 
fairly large trees; 450 trees then would 
take about 5,400 gallons, or 108 barrels 
of diluted mixture. If you have scale 
it is not safe to reduce a 33° B. mixture 
much lower than one to eight. This 
would take about 12 barrels of concen¬ 
trate. If you have no scale, then one 
to 11 would be about right; this would 
take nine barrels. If you make your 
own it will take about 25 per cent more 
of the concentrate, as it will not stand 
so much dilution. As to whether you 
should buy or make it will depend 
largely on time and facilities. To buy 
12 barrels would cost from $110 to $120. 
To make its equivalent would cost per¬ 
haps $40, and would take with steam 
and two barrels about three days, and 
v ith a good kettle from four to five 
days. w. H. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
COFFEE CONGESTION 
Causes a Variety of Ails. 
A happy old lady in Wisconsin says: 
“During the time I was a’ coffee 
drinker I was subject to sick headaches, 
sometimes lasting 2 or 3 days, totally 
unfitting me for anything. 
“To this affliction was added, some 
years ago, a trouble with my heart that 
was very painful, accompanied by a 
smothering sensation and faintness. 
“Dyspepsia, also, came to make life 
harder to bear. I took all sorts of patent 
i medicines, but none of them helped me 
for any length of time. 
“The doctors frequently told me that 
coffee was not good for me; but without 
coffee I felt as if I had no breakfast. 
I finally decided about 2 years ago to 
abandon the use of coffee entirely, and 
as I had read a great deal about Postum 
I concluded to try that for a breakfast 
beverage. 
“I liked the taste of it and was par¬ 
ticularly pleased to notice that it did 
not ‘come up’ as coffee used to. The bad 
spells with my heart grew less and less 
frequent, and finally ceased altogether, 
and I have not had an attack of sick 
headache for more than a year. My di¬ 
gestion is good, too, and I am thankful 
that I am once more a healthy woman. I 
know my wonderful restoration to health 
came from quitting coffee and using 
Postum.” Name given by the Postum 
Co., Battle Creek, Mich. 
“There’s a reason,” and it is this: Cof¬ 
fee has a direct action on the liver with 
some people, and causes partial conges¬ 
tion of that organ preventing the natural 
outlet of the secretions. Then may fol¬ 
low biliousness, sallow skin, headaches, 
constipation and finally a change of the 
blood corpuscles and nervous prostra¬ 
tion. 
Read the little book, “The Road to 
Wellville,” in pkgs. “There’s a Reason.” 
Ever read the above letter? A new one 
appears from time to time. They are genu¬ 
ine, true, and full of human interest. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
A profitable 
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*The Rogers & Hubbard Co. 
Middletown, Conn., 
Send for Free Almanac telling all about 
the Hubbard “ Bone Base ” Fertilizers. 
Rutland Co., Vt., Jan. 6,1911. 
The Rogers & Hubbard Co., 
Middletown, Conn. 
GentlemenI got last year 200 bu. of 
ears of Corn, 700 bu. of Onions, $300.00 
worth of Raspberries and $600.00 worth of 
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“Pretty thin pickings.” 
Yours truly, 
W. W. Goodnow. 
