1011. 
THE RURAL- NEW-YORKER 
S 23 
Ruralisms 
A TALK ABOUT GRAPES. 
One of the newer grapes which seems 
to excite nothing but favorable comment 
is the King, introduced by Munson of 
Michigan. It is a chance seedling ap¬ 
parently of Concord blood, but surpasses 
that standard in several particulars. The 
berries are extra large, tough-skinned, 
good quality; the vines are hardy and 
very vigorous. The clusters are shorter 
and more compact than the Concord. 
In all it has the appearance of a fine 
market variety whose size will always 
make it a good seller. The one year it 
has borne here won for it a good im¬ 
pression. Worden is a fine grape here 
so far as heavy bearing of large clusters 
of showy grapes are concerned, but it is 
forever barred from popular favor by its 
habit of ripening unevenly. It is said 
this can largely be avoided by close prun¬ 
ing, but the average grower cannot be 
educated to cater to individual peculiar¬ 
ities. He will continue to prune all va¬ 
rieties according to one rule, and those 
which do not respond will be discarded. 
One thing is certain, and that is that too 
heavy a crop will produce uneven ripen¬ 
ing, even in the Concord. Still there 
are some varieties that have never shown 
also passed over for the blacks. The | 
Delaware, if given rich soil, is a heavy 
producer of its small bunches, compar¬ 
ing even with the Green Mountain. YVith 
a little special fertilizing it could be made 
profitable for market, especially at the 
extra price it always commands. For 
an extra early the Green Mountain will 
be hard to displace, because of its fine 
all-round qualities, and especially by rea¬ 
son of its high quality. It is the first 
grape here that is sweet enough to be 
eaten. The black rot is prevalent here 
in the Middle West, and vines must be 
sprayed to insure sound fruit. Very 
luckily, however, the grape excels the 
tree fruits in having a number of varie¬ 
ties that are practically immune from 
the rot. This is of great importance to 
the small householder who cannot be 
made to undertake spraying. It is also 
of service to the larger vineyardist, who 
sometimes finds his spraying inadequate 
on account of a rainy season or some 
such contingency. As a rule these rot- 
proof grapes are not of the highest 
quality, but would be highly prized in 
the absence of all others. Among these 
sorts are the Ives, Montefiore, Norton’s 
Virginia, all black; white, Elvira; red, 
Perkins. Besides these there are several 
which can usually be relied on for ex¬ 
emption. Some of these are the Early 
Ohio, Delaware, Woodruff, Wyoming 
Red, Lutie and Green Mountain. It will 
THE NEW KING GRAPE. Fig. 178. 
this sign of protest against unfair bur¬ 
dens, such as Campbell’s Early and Ives. 
Ives is never included in a list of table 
grapes, but canned, with pulp and skin 
separated, _we find it the best of all. Thus 
prepared it is rich and appetizing and 
relished by the sick. It is a Ben Davis 
among grapes, flourishing in any kind of 
a soil, always to be relied on for a large 
crop and among the first to color, though 
not to ripen. It is largely raised for 
wine. I should include it among a fam¬ 
ily collection for its never-failing qual¬ 
ities of production under all conditions. 
It also should have close pruning, for 
with the usual amount of wood it will 
load itself to excess. 
The Lutie is another sterling producer 
of heavy annual crops that commends 
itself to the multitude. It is red in color, 
a little under medium in bunch and ber¬ 
ry, firm, compact, fair in quality and 
sells well; vigorous and hardy in vine, 
and a good match for the Ives, but bet¬ 
ter in quality. Moore’s Diamond and 
Niagara run so close a race here that it 
is hard to decide between them. They 
are both large and beautiful in cluster 
and well matched in all respects. If I 
had to make a choice, I believe I should 
take Moore’s, but, beautiful as they are, 
they do not sell equal to the blacks. For 
market I should plant 10 blacks to one 
white. The reds are more attractive to. 
the public, but where the excellence of 
the Delaware is unknown I have seen it 
be admitted that this is not a bad col¬ 
lection, and that one could live very con¬ 
tentedly if debarred from all others. As 
cheap precautions against the rot we are 
collecting all mummied grapes in bas¬ 
kets as we prune and burning them; we 
are also plowing the middles quite early 
so as to turn under any rot recept.' les 
that may be on the ground. 
Missouri has some cause to be proud 
of her record in connection with spray¬ 
ing. It was in the Ozarks that Prof. W. 
M. Scott of the Bureau of Plant Indus¬ 
try made his famous experiments that 
demonstrated the value of the self-boiled 
lime-sulphur as a fungicide for trees in 
foliage. Since then this spray has largely 
displaced the Bordeaux Mixture. It is 
cheaper, more easily prepared and much 
more comprehensive, for it proves to be 
an insecticide (when a contact spray will 
answer) as well as a fungicide. It was 
also in Missouri that Prof. Estes P. Tay¬ 
lor, in charge of a sub-station for fruit 
experimentation, discovered that arsenate 
of lead alone is a fairly good specific 
for peach rot by destroying the curculio 
and thus preventing the puncture of the 
peach skin through which it was found 
the rot spores made their chief entry. 
He also discovered that this two pounds 
of arsenate of lead to 50 gallons of water 
had an unguessed fungicidal power by 
which it controlled the scab. 
L. R. JOHNSON. 
Cape Girardeau Co., Mo. 
“The Right Hand of Strength 
INFORMATION 
ON THE USES 
OF CEMENT 
Every progressive farmer should 
possess one or more of the carefully 
compiled booklets that make up the 
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(A) Mixing; and Placing of Cement. 
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(D) Hollow Block Specifications. 
(E) Sidewalk Specifications. 
( F) Concrete Tanks and 
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(G) Silos. 
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(K) Standard Specifications for Road¬ 
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(L) Standard Specifications for Port¬ 
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(O) Exterior Treatment of Concrete 
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Always specify 
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it’s the one Portland Cement whose 
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Sole Agents 
Established 1844 
Philadelphia 
C DR A V Adopted by the N.V .State Fruit Growers’Ass'n 
OrUMIlT WILL. PAY YOU TO USE EITHER. 
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RESPONSIBLE DISTRIBUTERS MO AGENTS WANTED 
KEY BRAND 
RIGHT PRICE and MATERIAL 
.FUNGICIDE and INSECTICIDE 
—, USE 
_ I 
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Stationaries, Portables, Etc. 
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ALPHA 
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Send for Booklet and learn why it is the best. 
ALPHA PORTLAND CEMENT CO., 
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BETTER SAFE THAN SORRY 
Potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, cantaloupe, 
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Baskets, Ladders and Growers’ 
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A card brings our catalogue. 
BACON & CO., Appleton, N. Y. 
INOCULATED ALFALFA SOIL 
75 cents per hundred, S10.00 per ton. F. O. B. Ash- 
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Alfalfa.” Dr. H. SOMERVILLE, Chest Springs, 
Cambria County, Pa. 
SPRAY 
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H Jay St., Rochester, N. X» 
QETTHE BEST 
A Good Spray Pump-earns 
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Benton Harbor. Mich. 
Make Sure Thai YOU and 
Not the Insects Get the Profits 
from your orchard, 
thoroughly with 
Prevent their ravages by spraying 
ELECTRO Arsenate of Lead 
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It is your surest and safest weapon because it contains 32)4 to 33 % arsenic oxide_ 
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THE VREELAND CHEMICAL CO. 
32 Church Street, New York 
