1911 . 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
675 
RECIPROCITY AND NEW ENGLAND 
MILK. 
The effect of the reciprocity treaty with 
Canada will be to drive farmers over into 
the free trade fold as a necessary law of 
self-preservation, that they may buy in the 
same free trade market that they sell in. 
Those who are thinking the problem 
through are unable to perceive any ethical 
distinction between robbery under the form 
of law and robbery out of legal forms. 
They regard the sale of their products in 
markets open to the farm products of other 
nations as free trade markets for their 
products and their compulsory purchase in 
our market, the highest tariff mar¬ 
kets of the world, as a monstrous policy 
of inequity, and feel that the policy is one 
of deliberate sacrifice of the country to the 
town upon the cool proposition that it is 
a natural right of the town to an indefinite 
amount of free service on the part of far¬ 
mers, while it is its privilege by law to 
create artificial prices for its products. It 
is just this and nothing less when reduced 
to its real terms. 
Now as to milk. It is asserted by stu¬ 
dents of the milk problem in Massachusetts 
that under the working of the Saunders 
law, that made one price per can for the 
shipment of milk, whether by the single 
can or by the carload, milk can be shipped 
from Canada for less than it can be from 
Massachusetts points. The railroads in¬ 
creased the can rates to the basis of single 
can rate cost, raising the old time trans¬ 
portation cost by two cents per can. It is 
stated that car lots of milk can be shipped 
from Canada for four cents per can, while 
but a moderate distance out of Boston the 
rates rapidly rise to six cents per can. 
But this four-cent rate is plain freight 
rates without icing, and is workable only 
in Winter; the Summer costs must neces¬ 
sarily be more. This distant milk will 
mainly act as a club in the hands of the 
contractors. As the Canadian farmer 
buys in a lower tariff country and 
hires labor cheaper these combined 
conditions appear to be and are de¬ 
cisively against the New England pro¬ 
ducer, and more particularly against Mas¬ 
sachusetts producers, since the Saunders 
law is a Massachusetts law. This law was 
aimed at the so-called milk trust, but thus 
far has not met the expectations of its 
friends. It has, however, disturbed the 
three great milk contracting firms control¬ 
ling Boston markets, since several inde¬ 
pendent shippers have entered the market 
and gathered a large amount of trade, while 
some individuals have shipped direct. The 
Saunders law is a by-product of the great 
milk strike of last year. This strike was 
tremendously costly to the contractors, and 
still is entailing cost to them. To an in¬ 
terested onlooker it appears that the con¬ 
tractors are trying to shake off the inde¬ 
pendent concerns that came in with the 
strike. In any event they have failed to 
carry out the letter of their contract that 
covered April of this year and have made 
the startling reduction of 10 cents per can 
for this month, and apparently are deter¬ 
mined to maintain the lowest milk rates 
for the Summer that have occurred for 
several years. They appear to be feeling 
their way to a 25-cent rate per can of 
8% quarts. The upshot of it all is that 
the milk market has not been as demoralized 
for a long time as now. It is proper to 
state that there appears to be a large sur¬ 
plus of milk on the Boston market, the 
market that regulates our New England 
markets. Singularly enough the receipts of 
milk for this market have steadily fallen off 
since the strike, many farmers never return¬ 
ing to the contractors notwithstanding the 
great rise in price then achieved. Roughly, 
this decline in Boston receipts of milk is 
from 25 to 30 per cent. The reduction of 
milk supply does not tally with increased 
surplus on the market, and some hint that 
the statistics are doctored. Perhaps a bet¬ 
ter solution is found iu the fact that dur¬ 
ing the limited supply of milk during the 
strike many turned to condensed milk, and 
others learned to do without it, while the 
hard times has been a factor. Farmers 
are not planning to produce as much milk 
as formerly. Some are dropping out of 
production for the milk market since the 
reduced rates have been made, while others 
are waiting to ascertain whether this re¬ 
duction is merely momentary. In the sec¬ 
tion that I am familiar with, if rates thrown 
out as feelers are attempted to be realized 
by the contractors there will be a great 
falling off in the number of milk producers 
while many more will reduce production. 
Boards of health, yellow journalism, the 
contractors, consumers and to some extent 
producers have for over a decade kept the 
milk problem in nearly continuous agita¬ 
tion. Many of our farmers have come to 
prefer the repose of other production at 
less profit than milk production with con¬ 
tention and shifting and uncertain prices. 
Unless freer trade and lower goods and 
labor for the farmer come in a return to 
old or later years satisfactory prices will 
ere long occur. The marked reduction of 
food prices that has taken place during 
the past year, due to a combination of 
causes, good world crops and intense public 
clamor and a ready ear to it by manipu¬ 
lators of the market and political dema¬ 
goguery that would ride into office upon 
it, which seeks to compel farmers to pro¬ 
duce at less than the world's normal prices 
will give way to the normal. The truth is 
as is well shown by statistics, consumption 
is pressing closer on the heels of produc¬ 
tion, and this movement is growing year 
by year more tense, and will in spite of tem¬ 
porary eddies assert its imperative eco¬ 
nomic power. The more unfair influences 
make the town end of life artificially allur¬ 
ing, correspondingly depressing the country, 
the longer will continue the cityward move¬ 
ment of population, and the urgency of 
demand for food. Our statesmen have got 
hold of the wrong end of the problem, and 
are dealing with palliatives that weaken the 
patient. For the time cheaper farm prod¬ 
ucts from Canada will depress our markets, 
and when its work is done the cry will 
again rise for cheaper farm products from 
Argentina and South America, and we seem 
doomed if the reciprocity treaty passes, to 
a lower rate for milk. But as the problem 
is a world one, and as this country sells 
hundreds of millions of dollars of farm 
products in Europe annually, thus largely 
fixing our home prices, it will be seen de¬ 
pressed markets for farm products can be 
but momentary, and milk will be the first 
to rally from the shock, since it is the last 
that farmers care to raise under all its 
great handicaps. In the meanwhile I feel 
sure that our farmers will decline to raise 
milk on low rates. j. w. sanborn. 
New Hampshire. 
There are three farmers who peddle their 
milk; they get eight cents per quart, as 
far as I know. One man might be selling 
for seven cents per quart. There are no 
wholesale dealers here. The supply is hard¬ 
ly equal to the demand in Summer, but in 
the Winter it is sufficient. Poultry, espe¬ 
cially chickens, are occupying the attention 
of a good many people here, and some good 
results are obtained ; others arc experiment¬ 
ing with small flocks, hoping to branch out 
into larger flocks after learning the business. 
Saybrook Point, Conn. b. h. c. 
The J. R. Whipple Co. have a large milk 
farm here, keeping about 400 head of 
Guernsey and Ilolsteins. Part of the milk Is 
set to Boston to three or four large hotels 
every day, and the rest is made into butter 
at their creamery here, which is also sent 
to the hotels in Boston. Besides their milk 
they buy from the farmers for a radius of 
20 miles, paying for cream about $1.40 for 
8%-quart cans and an average of 40 cents 
for milk in 8%-quart cans. They receive 
from the farmers alone over 500 cans of 
milk and 100 of cream daily. I have one 
cow that freshened last July and is giving 
12 quarts now. I am getting 45 cents per 
can, and I know some who are getting 
higher, so I do not see that we have an.v 
kick about our part of the dollar. Good 
fresh cows range from $55 to $90, and 1 
saw one a while ago that sold for $97, a 
three-can cow (not from Florida, though). 
Year-olds sold at an auction yesterday for 
$20, and two years to come in next Fall for 
$28 to $40. March pigs are selling from $3 
to $4.50 each. Dressed hogs are selling for 
10 cents a pound, the whole hog. We can 
buy skim-milk to grow calves and pigs from 
the creamery for four cents per 8%-quart 
cans. Eggs are at the bottom now, selling 
for 18 cents at the store. I am a back-to 
the-land man, but for the first year I can 
say progress, and will say more later, but 
anyway, no dusty city for mine. 
New Boston, N. II. b. f. r. 
Following is the account of the dairy in¬ 
dustry for Prince Edward Island, Canada : 
Milk supply for cheese, 34,818,286 pounds ; 
for butter. 14,920,624 pounds; net value to 
patrons, $405,345.36. There were 3,346,428 
pounds of cheese made and 638,137 pounds 
of butter. It cost $2.31 per pound to 
manufacture cheese and $4.95 per pound 
for butter. The dealers are paying the 
following prices; Oats, 34 to 37 cents; 
potatoes, 40 cents; pork, 7% cents; eggs, 
16 cents; hay, $7 to $8. a. w. g. 
Kensington, Prince Edward Island. 
YOU CAN SAVE HALF 
OR MORE ON A MACY CREAM SEPARATOR 
When you buy a Cream Separator you 
want a machine which guarantees skim¬ 
ming to a trace; which cleans easily; 
which may be operated with so little 
effort that a child may run it; one so 
carefully built that it will last practically 
a life-time; and a machine sold to you at 
a price you can easily afford to pay. 
The Macy Cream Separator will fill every 
requirement. Thousands of dairy farmers 
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this splendid machine. It has been manufac¬ 
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Cream Separators sold at two and three 
times its price. 
We want you to get our story. We 
want you to know the Macy Cream 
Separator. It will add from $15.00 to 
$ 20.00 per cow per annum to your profits. 
It will pay for itself in just a few months, 
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lasting service than any other Cream 
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Do not be misled by the claims made on behalf of 
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sneers and insinuations of the manufacturers of the 
old-style Cream Separators wTio are constantly attack¬ 
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more up-to-date machines. 
Learn the Truth 
Investigate for yourself. American Farm Folk are 
the most intelligent citizenship we have. The farmer 
thinks for himself; he reaches his own conclusions, 
and then he acts. All that we want you to do is to 
get our proposition. We will leave all the rest of it 
to you. We will send the Macy Cream Separator to 
your farm to be tested by you—to try out in competi¬ 
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none of them are barred. We want you to run the 
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hot or cold milk; test it for butter fat: test it for easy 
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you may think of or the agent of any other 
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the Macy has not demonstrated that it is the best 
Cream Separator from the standpoint of skimming 
efficiency, easy running, easy cleaning, simplicity 
and durability, return it to us, at our expense of 
transportation charges both ways. 
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We Want to Send You 
our Cream Separator offer. We 
want to tell you how you can save 
one-half or two-thirds on your 
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to $ 20.00 per cow to your income. 
We want to tell you how to get 
more cream and better cream from 
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Just write us a letter or a pos¬ 
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free and postpaid. 
Ask for Separator Offer No. 8801 
R. H. MACY & CO., JartE?.,** NEW YORK 
HANDSOME PICTURE, FREE. 
A fine photogravure of “Dairymaid of Pinehurst” the champion 3 year 
old Guernsey cow of the world. This famous cow produced 860 pounds of butter- 
fat in one year. 
"I he picture is a real work of art, free of advertising, printed on 
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So long as our limited supply lasts, a copy will be sent you postage prepaid. 
Without any obligation, if you send your name and address to 
IOWA DAIRY SEPARATOR CO., 
173 BRIDGE ST„ _=_- WATERLOO, IOWA. 
TwoVa!uableE?nCC 
Barn Book5 rnUU 
' on Barn Equipment 
Dairymen, write today. These free books 
were written by dairy barn authorities and 
contain valuable information that will prove 
a big help to you in the re-arranging, the 
building or the remodeling of your dairy barn. 
They also contain detailed descriptions of the 
James Sanitary Barn Equipment and explain 
five patented features that save enough on feed 
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a year. Write today, sure—stating the num¬ 
ber of cows you own. 
Kent Mfg. Co., 1530 Cans St., Ft. Atkinson, WIs. 
I Jame5 Sanitary, 
yja rn EQuipmen t 
NO-FLY 
GUARANTEED TO 
KEEP FLIES AWAY 
This Guaranteed Fly 
Oil will increase your 
milk output 10 to 20 
per cent, by saving cows 
energy wasted in fighting 
flies will make your horses 
quiet and easy to manage 
by •. topping irritating, 
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If used according to directions 
WE ABSOLUTELY GUARANTEE NO-FLY 
to keep flies away—not to blister—to kill lice 
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If your dealer does aot sell NO FLY, send us his name 
and $1.00 for large can of NO-FLY and Sprayer. Money 
refunded if it doesn't do all we claim. Active men wanted. 
W. D. CARPENTER CO., Dept. 6 Syracuse, N. Y. 
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^^ORMS take pounds of flesh off of your stock be¬ 
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Here is My Liberal Offer: _, 
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for 60 days. Test it on your sheep, hogs, horses, cows and cattle, 
kills worms and is worth many times its price. Send now. A 
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♦•Aft* M ARM 
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TheGreatWorm Destroyer 
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Read this: 
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Test Sal-Vet GO Days Before You Pay / 
“JTS* SalrVet to feed them V * 
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Don t pay me a cent until you see that Sal-Vet really 
---- - — day s delay may cost you a valuable animal. > 
Sidney R. Fell, Pres., The S. R. Fell Co.,^Cleveland,0. , 
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