7120 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
July 1, 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[ Every query must be accompanied by the 
name and address of the writer to insure 
attention. Before asking a question, please see 
whether it is not answered in our advertising 
columns. Ask only a few questions at one time. 
Pa', questions on a separate piece of paper.! 
PEACHES FOR SOUTHERN INDIANA. 
C. N., Southern Indiana. —I have three 
acres of hill land in Southern Indiana, 
gently sloping towards the west, which 
I am contemplating setting out in peach 
trees. Would it be better to plant one 
variety only or a number of varieties? 
Would it be better from a commercial point 
of view to plant a crop maturing all at one 
time or for a succession? I would ap¬ 
preciate suggestions as to best variety of 
fruit for location in question, 12 miles 
from Louisville, Ky.; right price for trees, 
best age, etc. I would also like the same 
information as to cherry trees. 
Ans.— In planting three acres of 
peaches for commercial purposes the 
matter of varieties and proportion of 
each would be decided according to 
probable plan of marketing. If the 
planter be so situated that he have a 
nearby market and deal, in a retail way, 
direct with the consumer, it would be 
well to plant a succession of varieties 
whose seasons would range from early 
to late. If the crop be designed for sale 
through the commission house or dealer 
it might be well to plant largely of but 
one or two varieties, as they could be 
handled more economically and in a 
shorter time by a greater force of help. 
As to varieties, it is always well to in¬ 
vestigate as to which do well locally, as 
there is great difference in behavior of 
varieties on different soils and under 
different conditions. Greensboro, Car¬ 
man, Champion (white)), and Elberta, 
Lemon Free and Gold Drop do well in 
the southern half of Ohio, where condi¬ 
tions are, I presume, similar to those 
of southern Indiana. Gold Drop is very 
similar to Lemon Free and might well 
be used instead. Both are yellow in 
skin and flesh—this color extending 
clear to the pit—and fine for canning. 
Elberta is inferior in quality to Lemon 
Free and Gold Drop, but is probably the 
most reliable and profitable cropper of 
all the yellow varieties. Cherries of the 
sour type are more successful than the 
sweet class for the section named. Early 
Richmond, Montmorency, Olivet and 
English Morello give a good succession. 
Two-year-old trees are usually preferred 
for planting. Reliable nurserymen ad¬ 
vertise in all the leading agricultural 
and horticultural papers and magazines, 
and it is well to send for catalogue and 
compare prices. F. h. ballou. 
Ohio. 
GETTING HAY INTO A BARN. 
One of our readers in Connecticut has 
just had his barn burned, but is to build 
another 30 by 48 feet with basement for 
stock. He wants to equip for unloading 
hay with a hay fork and track. The drive¬ 
way is in center of barn. lie wishes to 
know if it is most convenient to unload 
the hay from center of barn or through 
the end. At times the driveway may be 
filled with hay. m. l. 
I do not fully understand the plan of the 
barn in above question. If the drive floor 
runs the short way of the barn, leaving a 
bay 18 x 30 feet on either side, it would 
be the most convenient to unload. In this 
case the load would be unloaded from the 
center of the barn, and the fork run either 
way with a very short haul. It is difficult 
to use the fork in filling the floor in this 
construction. I should hesitate running a 
drive floor the length of a barn only 30 
feet wide, as this would give you mows only 
nine feet deep, and if I desired to approach 
such a barn at the end I should either 
plan to unload just inside the door or 
throuch a large door at the gable, having 
the ridge extended over it. This gives a 
long haul, but utilizes all of the capacity 
of the barn for hay, filling to the ridge 
with the fork without any change. 
Connecticut. J. h. putnam. 
I should hardly dare advise in regard 
to the liav fork without seeing the place 
where it is to be used. Every barn pre¬ 
sents an entirely different problem. In 
our hay barn the drive is lengthwise of the 
building, and the track is in the peak. 
The section of the scaffold over the drive 
nearest the door is movable; when we be¬ 
gin using the fork we slide it along out 
of the way, and when the hay is all in put 
it back and use it for straw, stalks, etc., 
so that there is no waste space. 
Massachusetts. e. f. bodcktha. 
CURING OATS AND CANADA PEAS. 
I have a field of oats and Canada peas 
that I wish to cut for hay. Will you tell 
me when to cut and how to cure the same? 
Waynesboro, Pa. a. b. b. 
We judge by the oats. When a fair pro¬ 
portion of the kernels are soft, so that 
when pressed between the thumb nails they 
discharge a milky fluid, we call the crop 
ready to cut. Others judge by the peas and 
cut when they begin to form in the pods. 
We think the oat test fairer. The crop 
is cured like clover hay. 
N. Y. VINEGAR LAW. 
Section 72 of chapter nine of the laws of 
3909, in effect July 1, is amended as fol¬ 
lows : 
“Packages containing vinegar to he brand¬ 
ed. Every manufacturer or producer of 
vinegar shall plainly brand each cask, bar¬ 
rel or other container of such vinegar with 
his name and place of business, the kind or 
vinegar contained therein and the substance 
or substances from which it was made. And 
no person shall mark or brand as or for 
cider vinegar any package containing that 
which is not cider vinegar. Every person 
who sells any vinegar, except it be deliv¬ 
ered to the purchaser in the unbroken 
package in which such seller received it, 
shall plainly and conspicuously mark or 
brand the receptacle or container in which 
such vinegar is delivered to the purchaser, 
whether such receptacle or container be 
furnished by the seller or purchaser, with a 
label showing the kind of vinegar so de¬ 
livered and the substance or substances 
from which it was made. Nothing herein 
shall be deemed to prohibit the sale of 
cider vinegar stock, provided it be sold as 
and for such and in compliance with the 
provisions of this article as to marking or 
branding. The term ‘cider vinegar stock’ 
when used herein, shall be construed to 
mean acetified apple juice of less acidity 
than that required for vinegar which con¬ 
tains not less than two per centum of apple 
solids and sufficient alcohol to develop the 
acidity required in vinegar.” 
LOW COST OF LIVING. 
Concerning the high cost of living, how 
many farmers are there who raise nearly 
all their living off their farm? There are 
10 of us in our family. We raise our po¬ 
tatoes and other vegetables, fruit, meat, 
lard, berries, garden truck, milk, butter, 
vinegar, and wheat, which we have ground 
and make entire wheat bread. We buy 
some white flour. I had a pair of steel 
rollers made, three inches in diameter and 
nine inches long, intending to make rolled 
wheat, but I found that they were not 
large enough to draw the wheat in, so I 
had to separate the rollers so far in order 
to get the wheat through at any speed that 
it only cracked it, but by running it 
through two or three times with the rollers 
closer together it does very well. We soak 
the cracked wheat over night and cook 
about two hours in the morning, and use it 
for breakfast food. We think it is very 
nice. 
We raise our buckwheat and have pan¬ 
cakes for breakfast every morning in the 
year, with either rolled oats, entire wheat 
(which is like wheatlet or wlieatena) or 
cracked .wheat. The discussion came up 
what our living cost outside of what we 
raised on our own farm and in our own 
garden. Upon figuring it out I find it to 
be 843.50 for six months, which is less than 
eight mills per meal for each meal, which 
does not seem possible to one looking on or 
hearing it told. We live well, really better 
than many farmers; the cooking is excel¬ 
lent. We have some luxuries, ice cream 
every day for dinner. There are three 
adults and seven children. We keep a daix-y 
of 28 cows at‘present, and 11 head of young 
stock and two horses on a farm of 136 
acres; 20 acres of it is wood land. We 
have three-fourths of an acre of mangel 
wurzels this year, which we expect will les¬ 
sen the feed bill; they are looking nice now. 
The long drought was broken by showers 
which continued for seven days. There 
were two hard thunder showers June 10 and 
11 , which did considerable damage in this 
section. Crops are looking very well. 
West Kortright, N. Y. E. P. F. 
CROP NOTES. 
Corn planting is late, coming up well. 
Usual acreage. Oats generally are looking 
extra well. If growth continues they will 
lodge badly. Wheat is spotted, but as a 
rule good; will be short, although heads 
seem good size; no appearance of insects. 
Harvest will be early. Potato acreage is re¬ 
duced 25 per cent, some say fully one-third. 
Some are not planted yet (June 17). Fields 
where they are coming up very weedy. Last 
car was shipped from Mendon June 8; price 
60 cents; market very unsatisfactory the 
past year. It was up and down, mostly 
down.’ Crop rotted badly; many sold at 30 
cents per bushel, or less at shipping station. 
Bugs were just awful. Pastures good. Hay 
is poorest in years; clover short, Timothy 
shorter. New seeding is a failure on many 
fields. Many meadows will have to be 
mowed another year. Very very few pieces 
of Alfalfa. Beans are a large acreage, per¬ 
haps an increase of 50 per cent.; planting 
about finished. Iteccnt rains have put 
ground in fine shape. c. I. 
Rochester, N. Y. 
Seckel pears heavy crop, Bartlctts very 
light, Kieffers full crop. Strawberries, 
owing to long dry spell poor, one-half to 
two-third crop. Currants very light, one- 
quarter to one-half crop. Cherries three- 
quarter crop. Raspberries (red) winter- 
killed badly, three-quarter crop. Peaches 
average crop. Apples dropped badly, one- 
half to two-third crop. Blackberries average 
crop. a. H. 
Hudson Valley, N. Y. 
No rain since April 11 ; oats burned up. 
Corn on sod fair; poor stand and very 
small on last year’s corn ground. Cattle 
going to market thin on account of short 
pasture; worth $5 to 85.20 per 100 ; hogs, 
85.50. Hay, 810 a ton, a most exceptional 
price. Barley and x - ye a full crop. Berries 
and cherries plentiful and good quality. 
Orchard fruits good and being well cared 
Sure Shoe 
Satisfaction 
for the 
Farmer 
W I? ITE ng to-d ay for ftxl 1 information of 
tlie Ilaskin-Granger Shoes and learn 
what the best work shoe lor the farmer ie like. 
Farmers who have already done so have pro- 
nonneed them “The greatest shoe value that 
money can procure.” You will do likewise,for 
every pair is made in the good, old, reliable way 
right in our own factory under expert super¬ 
vision. By selling to you direct we save you the 
dealer’s profit ana give you greater value. The 
HASKIN-GRANGER SHOE 
combines perfect comfort with durability. The 
uppers and vamps are made of old-fashioned 
French kip, oil-tanned moose and chrome water¬ 
proof leathers. Soft and pliable, yet wear like 
iron. Soles, inside and out, are first quality 
hemlock-tanned steer’s hide firmly fastened 
with brass screws or old-fashioned maple pegs. 
No stitches to rot or nails to rust. Write for 
illustrations of styles, descriptions and prices. 
Your money back if not satisfied. References: 
Citizens’ Trust Co., Utica, N. Y., or any other 
bank in Utica. 
Express paid on orders oast of the MlsalSi tppl. 
The Haskin Shoe Mfg. Co., 
115 Meadow St., SUttville, N. Y. 
for. Land advancing with bounds in price; 
850 land four years ago easily worth 8100 
to 8150. Some Iowa immigration. J. e. m. 
Elmer. Mo. 
The unseasonably dry and very hot 
weather has affected or will, if it continues, 
affect all fruit crops. Strawberries were 
cut very short by the drought. Early 
Richmond cherries are a very heavy crop 
in quantity, but very small in size; black¬ 
berries and raspberries will be very short 
unless good rains come soon, and if the 
drought continues it must affect all tree 
fruits. Pears set light, plums promising 
well and peaches in some ‘places are re¬ 
ported well filled and in others short crop. 
Apples are spotted, in some orchards and 
some varieties, fair crop, others very light. 
Probablv may average a light half crop. 
Undoubtedly affected by the very hot 
weather while blooming, shortening the 
blooming period and possibly affecting the 
fertilization. Some varieties, however, 
bloomed light. u. B. B- 
Princeton, Ill. 
You write about torrents of lain while 
down here we still suffer from the most 
intense drought I can remember. We have 
not had the soil moistened over an inch 
since the middle of April, and only once 
about that much. How anything manages 
to live is a puzzle. True, in my garden 
where I scratch ever and maintain a dust 
mulch I still find some moisture below, but 
where the land lias not been broken and 
cultivated I do not know how deep it is 
dry, for recently I tried to dig a hole in 
front of my house to set a bitching post. 
It was like rock-drilling to mortice that 
hole two feet deep and at that depth I 
could find no moisture. Our sandy soil 
here is underlaid with the stiffost clay to 
be found anywhere, and even that clay is 
dry as a bone on land where the evap¬ 
oration has been unchecked. On part of 
my garden I can use the liose and do so 
daily, but over this flat country the wind 
blows all the time, either from ocean or 
bay, and a heavy watering in the evening 
is soon dissipated by wind and sun. Daily 
the pitiless sun shines and the winds blow, 
and we have almost forgotten how a Sum¬ 
mer thunderstorm would feel. 
Maryland. w. F. massey. 
The prospects for frnit in this locality, 
and, so far as I can learn, in this county, 
are about as follows: Strawberries were 
badly injured by heaving during the Spring 
and in many cases by ice and water stand¬ 
ing on them, owing to the great depth to 
which the frost extended. Then there was 
some injury by late fx-osts, but more be¬ 
cause of the excessive drought. I am in¬ 
clined to think that there will not be 50 
per cent, of a crop about here, and that is 
perhaps a fair estimate for the county. 
Other berries promise well at this time. 
The rains have been most abundant, and 
everything has taken on new life. Both 
apples and pears blossomed very full, but 
the blossoms did not remain much over 
three days. The drop or failure to set lias 
been enormous. Early varieties have not 
suffered as much as late ones. There is a 
great iri’egularity in the orchards; occa¬ 
sionally one is full, when another equally 
well or better cared for has a very uneven 
set. I judge that 60 per cent for apples 
and 40 to 45 per cent, for pears would be 
a very conservative estimate. The foliage, 
barring a slight attack of twig blight, is as 
fine as I ever saw it. There has been com¬ 
parative freedom from insect injury, and no 
fungus weather. What fruit is on the trees 
is good-sized and clean. There was never 
before so much or so thorough spraying 
done in this vicinity as this year. Cherries 
are abundant and beginning to ripen. 
Beaches, though not much of a crop here, 
will probably be about 25 per cent, of an 
average. edw’d van alstyne. 
Columbia Co., N. Y. 
“For the Land’s Sake, use Bowker’s 
Fertilizers; they enrich the earth and 
those who till it.”— Adv. 
Sweeten the Land. 
Our agricultural colleges and the 
ablest authorities—men who are quali¬ 
fied to speak from practical experience 
—declare that it certainly is profitable 
to sow granular lime. The trouble has 
been that machines for handling this 
product, as well as nitrate of soda, land 
plaster, dry wood ashes and commercial 
fertilizers, had not been, strictly speak¬ 
ing a success. These materials are hard 
to sow,, and the sowing requires a ma¬ 
chine that will spread the materials 
evenly over the surface of the ground. 
The Farmers’ Favorite Broadcast Lime 
and Fertilizer Sower, manufactured by 
The American Seeding-Machine Co., In¬ 
corporated, Springfield, Ohio, is a suc¬ 
cess, and it is guaranteed to handle the 
above materials in wide range of quan¬ 
tities. The benefits of these fertilizing 
agents are, without doubt, intended for 
the soil and not especially for the seed. 
Therefore, it naturally follows that the 
best results are obtained by fertilizing 
all the soil from which the plants obtain 
their growth and sustenance. We must 
admit the logic in this method, because 
the practices in Europe, where the crops 
average more per acre than they do in 
this country, are in direct line with it. 
We urge our readers to send to the 
manufacturers for a copy of their Farm¬ 
ers’ Favorite Broadcast Lime and Fer¬ 
tilizer Sower booklet. When you have 
looked into this matter, go to your im¬ 
plement dealer and insist on seeing the 
Farmers’ Favorite, the machine that is 
guaranteed to do all the manufacturers 
claim for it 
FRUIT TREES 
We are ready to take orders for Fall Delivery 
for BLACK’S QUALITY TREES. 
. . . Send for Booklet . . . 
JOS. H. BLACK. SON & CO., HIGHTSTOWN, N. J. 
naBHa^BBraaMmanii 
TILE YOUR FARM WITH A 
Cyclone Ditching Machine 
O AVE its cost and more, in your own 
ditching, then ditch for your neighbors 
and earn more than its cost every ten days 
you operate it. This is a big claim, make 
us prove it before you settle for the machine. 
We guarantee 300 rods of ditch per day 
with six horses. 
One customer writes: “Saved 
$100 in four days;” another, 
“Saved its cost in a few days.” 
Don’t delay—after harvest ditching will 
soon be here. Don’t wait for contractors 
-—do your own tiling. 
Write today) for catalog 
The Jeschke Manufacturing Co. 
Box 113, Bellevue, Ohio 
2000 Acres In Nurseries-)0 Valuable Farms For Sate, 
■ _ _ Harrison s Nurseries, Berlin. Md. 
C ABBAGE PLANTS of all kind*, $1 per 1000; Tomato mid Sweet 
Potato Plants, $1.50 per 1000 ; Cauliflower and Peppers, $2.50 
per 1000. Plants ready for field. J. C. Schmidt, Bristol, Pa. 
DCAC S2.50 PER BUSHEL. Any variety, 
read SUDLER BROS. . . Bridueville,,Del. 
AGENTS WANTED VA k Vlfit" SM? 
Products. Liberal commission paid promptly. 
Outfit free. Experience not necessary. PENN¬ 
SYLVANIA NURSERY CO., 36, Girard, Pa. 
PORTER 
HAY CARRIER 
Has wide open mouth and 
swinpintr fork pulley. Fills hay 
mow full to the roof. Is without 
exception best hay carrier in the 
United States. 
We also make Litter C arriers, 
Steel Stalls and Cattle Stanchions. 
Send for Catalogue 
J. E. PORTER CO., OTTAWA, ILL. 
TRADE MARK REGISTERED IN U. S. PATENT OFFICE. 
. . . MANUFACTURED ONLY BY . , . 
‘Ihe Rogers & Hubbard Co., 
Middletown, Conn. 
Send for free Almanac telling all about 
Hubbard’s “ Bone Base” Fertilizers. 
CRIMSON GLOVER 
great soil improver. Valuable also for 
y green food, grazing and hay crops, 
rial circular free; also sample and price 
:ed on request. 
HENRY A. DREER 
l- Chestnut Street. Philadelphia 
