1911. 
VHE RURAb NEW-YORKEH 
7ai 
The Henyard. 
There’s many a hen who loudly cackles 
With hen “hot air” who never tackles 
The honest job of laying eggs. 
She struts about upon her legs, 
But rarely ventures on the nest. 
Go, mark her well—give her a rest, 
Off with her head—the hour draws nigh 
To make her into chicken pie. 
TROUBLE WITH HEN. 
1. I have a hen that has been sitting 
three weeks on 15 eggs. Eight of the eggs 
were either broken or disappeared; the 
other seven failed to hatch. I cracked 
them and found a dead chick in each one. 
I bought 14 day-old chicks and put them 
with her. Now I notice the hen will cluck 
to the chick, putting her head under her 
body further and further and backing up 
till she bumps against something and turns 
a complete somersault. What makes her do 
this? I have found four of the chicks dead 
and think she falls on them when she goes 
over. Why did the chicks die in the shell, 
as the hen never left the nest except for 
a few minutes at a time? 2. I have several 
young trees on which the leaves curl up. 
Can you tell me what causes this? 
New York. f. c. B. 
1. Why chicks die in the shell is a 
question that every poultryman has to 
consider, and the same problem con¬ 
fronts him whether he hatches by hens 
or by incubators. Not every hen is a 
good hatcher; some stick to the nest so 
closely that the eggs are not aired 
enough, and are not turned as frequently 
as they should be; other hens stay on 
the nest until the eggs are cold, and do 
it frequently. They seem not to care 
anything about their eggs, but when 
caught and put back on the nest will 
settle down and attend to business. This 
frequent and excessive cooling will delay 
the hatch sometimes two or three days, 
and the chicks when hatched are weak 
and often worthless. But the great cause 
of chicks dying in the shell is lack of 
vitality in the breeding stock. The stock 
may be strong and vigorous, but pushed 
by high feeding through the Fall and 
Winter to obtain all the eggs possible 
while prices are high, it stands to reason 
that the later eggs will not hatch as 
well, because the lien must put the germ 
of life into every egg, and to a certain 
extent deplete her vitality. Every poul¬ 
tryman knows that as a general rule 
late-hatched chicks never grow as large 
or make as strong and vigorous fowls as 
the early hatched ones, and many of the 
best breeders take especial pains to pre¬ 
vent laying in the Fall and early Winter 
by feeding scantily and cutting out the 
meat ration, so as to have stronger and 
more vigorous eggs and more of them 
in the hatching season. What causes the 
hen to reach under herself until she 
“turns a somersault” can only be guessed 
at; it may be that there is a fold or 
twist in the oviduct that makes her feel 
uncomfortable, or perhaps she has worms 
or little insects in her intestines, as de¬ 
scribed by a recent correspondent. 
2. The cause of the leaves curling up 
on the inquirer’s trees is undoubtedly 
plant lice. If he will look on the under 
side of the leaves he can easily see the 
lice. The leaf-curl on peach trees is an 
entirely different thing; it is a disease 
that will cause the leaf to drop off, but 
new leaves will form. This kind of 
leaf-curl can be prevented by early 
spraying. I had a young cherry tree 
with the leaves on the end of every twig '. 
curled up by lice. I took a basin of 
strong soapsuds and dipped the ends of 
the twigs in it, hoping to kill the lice.- 
It killed the tree; whether it killed the 
lice or not I am not sure. 
GEO. A. COSGROVE. 
Chicken Weeds. 
The farmer’s chicken yard, at this time of 
the year, needs weeding quite as much as 
his garden or field crops, and it is directly 
profitable. By weeding I mean culling out 
the old hens, and by all means the old roos¬ 
ters. It is bad enough to have a lot of 
cackling old swindlers about, but to keep 
over a dozen or so broken-down bumble¬ 
footed old stags because you were too "busy” 
to dispose of them in their prime or are 
just waiting for them to die is absolutely 
foolish. What are you feeding them for? 
No market wants them, and to put one of 
those “toughs” on a country table is a sin, 
nothing less. Yet hundreds of farmers are 
doing this very thing, and some of them ac¬ 
tually think they are making money at it— 
letting the hens take care of themselves. 
That is just what they are doing, “taking 
care of themselves” and not their owner. 
Why not follow some profitable rule? Make 
it your business to clean out all your male 
birds except two or three by June 1 and 
have these not more than a year old. Stop 
keeping any hens after they are two years 
okl, and get rid of them as early in the 
Summer or late Spring as possible. Don’t 
feed them through the hot weather. It may 
be a temptation to save over a few tested 
sitters or one or two that have laid well. 
Don’t do it. Two generations are enough to 
keep track of and are quite likely enough to 
have as good sitters and layers as you have 
ever had. 
About May 1 is a good time to begin 
working the two-year-olds and their elders 
off. Get rid of them in small, uniform lots 
whenever you can, but be sure you do it. 
If you have Plymouth Rocks or any other 
fairly meaty breed aim to get them off early 
before they get broody or thin. Such birds 
at the right time will bring a dollar apiece, 
while if you let them run and get thin, 50 
cents will be nearer their value, and mighty 
hard to sell at that. As the warm weather 
comes on and Spring chickens crowd the mar¬ 
ket, heavy old hens are not wanted. Leg¬ 
horns, running at 3 to 3% pounds and if 
fairly plump do well for awhile, and during 
June past such birds have brought me 15 
to 16 cents a pound net. The main thing, 
however, is to begin weeding in time ; send 
the old birds off early in fairly uniform lots, 
and not board them through the Summer. 
Laying eggs at a profit and not just laying 
eggs is what we keep hens for. r. b. 
PRODUCTS, PRICES AND TRADE. 
In the past seven months New York im¬ 
ported 1,045,775 boxes of lemons from 
Sicily. 
N. Y. City officially spent $31,609 for 
fireworks in 12 displays throughout the va¬ 
rious boroughs. 
Army goods contracts have been let cov¬ 
ering 100,000 blankets at average cost of 
$2.05 each, and 300,000 yards of tent cloth 
at 33 cents. 
Uncle Sam had about $25,000,000 loose 
change in his pocket at the beginning of 
his business year, July 1. This is $10,000,- 
000 more than last year. Total expenses for 
the year, exclusive of the Panama Canal, 
which has used about $40,000,000, were 
$660,000,000. 
Selling Wool Locally.—“I have a flock 
of grade Shropshires and have some offers 
for the wool from the-Woolen Co. 
What class would this wool come under in 
the market quotations?” w. 
Erie, Penn. 
It would be impossible to toll how this 
wool would be graded without seeing it, as 
this is a job requiring careful examination. 
If the mill referred to is a fairly enterpris¬ 
ing concern, our advice would be to sell the 
wool locally rather than ship to New York 
or Boston. It is a quite common custom 
for the local manufacturer to get his sup¬ 
plies from the large markets, to which the 
nearby producer has perhaps already sent 
his wool. This works well for the com-, 
mission men and speculators, but is not a 
good thing for the mill men, producers or 
buyers of cloth. 
Butter Gone Wrong. —“I am a mer¬ 
chant in a small town and have about 
100 pounds of butter in five-pound pails 
which has become strong. It is all made 
by the same man and I paid from 20 to 
25 cents for it.” s. g. 
New York. 
Th best plan we know is to ship such 
butter to some reliable commission dealer 
having a very wide range of trade. The 
name of a dealer who can sell anything 
from fancy creamery to soap grease has 
been given the Jnquirera The price se¬ 
cured will depend on what condition the 
butter is in, but the owner will evidently 
lose several cents per pound. Attempts 
are sometimes made to work over strong 
butter with milk or water, but the result 
is usually a greasy mess, worse than be¬ 
fore. In large factories where a business 
is made of renovation, special machinery 
for cleansing and granulation can get some¬ 
thing edible out of very poor butter, but 
this can only be done with the proper 
machinery. 
In cases where produce damaged in tran¬ 
sit is refused by commission men, some 
railroads claim that in making the settle¬ 
ment they are entitled to deduct the com¬ 
mission from the market price of the dam¬ 
aged goods, on the ground that, as the con¬ 
signee did not sell the stuff he is not en¬ 
titled to commission on it. Considerable 
nerve is needed to take such a position, 
which is certainly unreasonable. Financial¬ 
ly it makes no difference to the shipper of 
the goods whether the railroad or commis¬ 
sion man gets the commission on the part 
damaged, but when the case is analyzed it 
is clear that the receiver has sold the goods 
to the railroad instead of to some other 
customer and is as much entitled to com¬ 
mission on it as on the undamaged part 
sold in the regular way, provided he se¬ 
cures for the shipper from the railroad, the 
full market value, based on sales of un¬ 
damaged stock at that time. w. w, h. 
The Superiority of 
T 
is of greatest importance when butter 
prices are low and the difference be¬ 
tween separators may mean the differ¬ 
ence between profit and loss in dairying. 
THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO.I 
165-167 BROADWAY, 
NEW YORK. 
29 E. MADISON ST. 
CHICAGO. 
BREEN MOUNTAIN SILOS 
Write TODAY for Booklet to 
CREAMERY PACKAGE MANUFACTURING CO 
338 West St., Rutland, Vt. 
25 
Reasons 
Unadllla Silos are far be tier than others will 
be mailed you promptly on receipt of your 
name and address. UN AD1LLA SILOS have 
unobstructed, continuous Poor Fronts 
Which allow you to shove ensilage out in¬ 
stead of pitching It up 3 to C ft. over cross¬ 
bars. It costs you 15 cents a ton less to shove 
ensilage out of the UNADII.I.A SILO than it 
does t a pitch it out of an ordinary silo. Ad¬ 
justable door frarno to and from doors, mal¬ 
leable iron 1 uga cold rolled over threads ou — 
end of steel hoops % stronger than on ordinary 1: 
Extra discount for earl y orders, Agents wanted. 
UXAIULLA SILO CO,, Box It, Ilnndllla, Ji 
clogging; one lever starts and stops both feed 
rollers and apron; flexible swivel top distri¬ 
butor, handy side table, detachable foot 
safety device to prevent breakage. It is guar¬ 
anteed (under equal conditions) to do more 
and better work size for size than any other 
make, and to last longer. Write today for free 
illustrated catalog. 
A DPI CTfiM MANI1PA GT1 TPIMfT PH 
Most farm animals (except 
the hiredman) thrive on silage. 
It is cheap and very valuable feed, relished greatly 
by live stock. Stimulates the appetite and aids 
digestion. Healthy animals mean greater profit. 
Mr. BertBrownof Wasco, Ill. saved overSlOO a month 
and turned a losing proposition into a winning one by 
using an ylppleton Self Feed Silo Filler, and feed 
ing his cattle silage. It will pay you also to invest in an 
APPLETON SILO FILLER 
(SELF FEE D) 
—made in sizes to fit every need. Has a solid oak 
frame; positive feed; traveling self-feed apron; big throat 
capacity; four spiral 
tool steel knives; 
special springs to 
prevent binding and 
Make More 
From Your Cows 
Proper feeding means better health and a larger 
millc yield. Silage is the best substitute for green 
feed, which acts as tonic and laxative and makes 
June butter bring top prices, You ought to feed 
silage and you ought to cut it with the 
BLIZZARD cutler 
which cuts either green or dry feed slick as a 
whistio, knives are adjustable even when running 
at full speed. Elevatos by draft in any direction 
and to any height. The Blizzard also has the origi¬ 
nal and most successful Self Feed Table. Comes 
to you in only three pieces, mounted or unmounted 
ready for business and built by the pioneer manu 
facturers of ensilage cutters. 
^IIARANTFFD Ev 5 ry part 13 perfect 
1 LtLtLf and guaranteed. Sols 
the machine as a whole. We test every one at 
a speed 50 per cent greater than you will ever 
run it in actual use. 
Don’t purchase any cutter until you get 
our new catalogue showing I 9 V 1 improve¬ 
ments. Write for it, also “Why Silage 
Pays,” n sensible book every raiser of 
stock should read. Free if you send your 
name and address. 
THE JOS. DICK MFG. CO. 
1426Tu*car«was St. Canton, O. A 
Fill Your SiloFirstl 
Pay Afterwards 
We want to prove to you that our machines 
| are a good investment before you give up 
I your money. We know they are so good that 
e do not feel it a risk to is 
make this offer. Just tell WL In our 
us your needs. 61st 
Year 
SILOFILLINQl 
MACHINERY] 
hai<Jl yoara'oxperionce behind it—more experience 
than any other machinery of ite kind made. It haa 
thousands of en'husiastic owners in every dairy and 
intensive farming district in the U. S. It is not only 
FULLY GUARANTEED 
to b* fr«« from defects at all times but also to t)s 
th* strougeit, most durable and modern of any- 
manufactured. Our offer will help you to deter¬ 
mine this before you buy. Aik an expert's advice if 
you care to. 
Our large free eatalog shows our complete lins. 
Write for it. 
E. W. ROSS CO.Box IS Springfield, Ohio ] 
“ Wa also manufacture the Ross Silo ? 
A complete stock of machines and repairs carried 
with The Fairbanks Co., Syracuse, N.Y., Mallalieu 
& Convey, Philadelphia, Pa., Brintou & Worth, 
Westchester Pa.,Fred B.Fuller,Gouverneur.N.Y. 
1 
BEFORE YOU BUY WRITE FOR 
NEW CATALOG DESCRIBING THE 
GUARANTEED MONEY-SAVING 
iU INTERNATIONAL 
Bl ■ SILOS 
Si 
Jill 91 
ill ' 
strongest built, simplest to put up ami easiest operated 
on the market. Adjustable automatic take-up hoop- 
continuous open-door front—air-tight door and per* 
manent ladder are some of the unusual features. Th« 
Interactional 811 a II 3 Slain St.. LiaoiTilla. Bfe 
Licensed under Harder Patent on Round Silos* 
S Jf ,a11 .^ Fillers 
The only machine with force feed table, 
automatic feed roils, and safety fly 
^ w heel and belt pulley which loosen 
automatically from the shaft 
Y and thus keep foreign substances 
out of the knives and blower. Greater 
^capacity, greater safety, greater 
^ convenifuce, less power, less 
repairs. Send for catalogue. 
HARDER MFG. CO. 
Box 11, CoblesklU, N. Y. 
Do You Know What 
The Perfect BaSaneed 
Silo Ration Is? 
E XPERTS have proven that corn, combined 
with milo maize, sorghum, kaffir corn and 
field peas make the ideal silo ration. That’s 
all the more reason why you should be careful of 
the silage cutter and silo filler you use. Write for 
our 112-page Free Book. It tells about the com¬ 
plete line of famous “OHIO” machines—a size 
and style for you. Proves greatest capacity —day 
after day on one half inch cut. “OHIOS”ra«7 
blow up or explode, because they run on slow 
speed . 
OHIO 
BLOWER 
SILAGE 
GUTTERS' 
are used by nearly every College and Ex¬ 
periment Station in America and foreign 
countries. Book tells all facts—the things 
you want to know. Write for it. 
SILVER MFG. CO. 
SALEM, OHIO 
Continuous-Opening, Braced 
Door - Frame, Permanent 
Ladder, Interchangeable 
Doors, Ligtitest and 
Tightest Doors. 
Strongest Hoops, 
Best Materials, 
Three Styles, Five 
kinds of Lum- 
ber-a hundred 
other advan- 
All 
Our 
Silo 
Catalog 
contains 
the latest 
Information 
about Silos. 
We Invented 
the Modern Silo 
and have led the 
way in improve¬ 
ments. We offer the 
largest variety of 
styles and sizes. Send 
for our catalog of Silos 
and Silo Fillers. “The 
kind Uncle Sam uses.” 
Harder Mfg. Company 
BOX I I COBLESKIU, N. 
tages. 
described 
in our 
Cata¬ 
log. 
INDIANA SILOS 
Nowin use everywhere. Anyuser 
will toll you why Indiana Silos are 
the “best and cheapest.” Let us 
send you the Free book that solves 
the high priced feed question— 
'SILO PROFITS.” Our Factories 
are located at Anderson, Ind„ Des 
Moines, Iowa, and Kansas City. 
Mo. Write for Silo Catalog Today. 
INDIANA SILO COMPANY 
318 Union Building, Anderson, Ind. 
OUR GUARANTY 
We guarantee that the 
PAPEC will cut and elevate 
moro silage than any other 
cuttor, same power being 
used, and that it will elevate 
•silage 50 feet with less power 
jthan any other cutter. 
P A PFr PNEUMATIC 
* rl1 ENSILAGE CUTTER 
Always ready for business; easy to set 
up and operate; never clogs. Durably 
built—no wood to twist and warp. Write 
for new book, “How to Prepare Ensilage” 
““1 FREE. Agents wanted in several 
localities, attractive proposition. 
25 Distributing Points in U. S. 
PAPEC MACHINE CO. 
Box In Shortsvillc, N. Y. 
