1911. 
THE RURAb NEW-YORKEB 
771 
Ruralisms 
A TALK ABOUT ROSES. 
c F. B., Hamburgh, N. Y. —Arc there 
classes of “everblooming,” “monthly” and 
not roses? Give partial lists of same. IIow 
should the little Dorothy Perkins rose sent 
me be treated at this season? When is the 
he«t time to plant and how should ground 
he prepared for roses? For a permanent 
border what varieties do you recommend? 
The rose, I think, is growing in popularity 
and deservedly so, and I do not recall a 
season when there was such a profusion pf 
bloom The country folk, especially in 
rural towns, are showing great taste for the 
aesthetic side of life: many dooryards are 
veritable flower gardens, and I wish to get 
“in line.” 
Ans.—“E verblooming” is not a very 
accurate term, but it is applied to a 
large class of Summer and Autumn 
flowering roses, which bloom more or 
less continuously. The leas and Hy¬ 
brid Teas (many of which are tender 
in our climate) have the best right to 
take the name, and we also include un¬ 
der this head a variety of China, Bour¬ 
bon and Polyantha Hybrids. Some of 
the Hybrid Perpetuals or Hybrid Re- 
montants really deserve the name of 
everblooming, but a large, proportion ot 
them flower profusely in June, and 
merely give a few scattered flowers in 
the Autumn. These roses are a mix¬ 
ture of Damask, Provence, Bourbon, 
Bengal and Tea; the class is very large, 
and includes many suitable for planting 
where the Winters are severe The 
China or Bengal is the “monthly rose, 
and is really a perpetual bloomer; one 
of the best-known of this class is the 
old Agrippina, which gives a profusion 
of crimson flowers through the season; 
it is not very hardy. Some of the Bour¬ 
bons are also termed “monthly” roses, 
and among the best is Hermosa, often 
seen in old gardens; it is a bushy grow¬ 
er with very double bright pink flowers 
freely and constantly produced, and al¬ 
though it was introduced in 1840, it has 
never been superseded in its particular 
class It will be seen that “everbloom¬ 
ing'’ and “monthly” are names rather 
loosely applied, and not very descrip¬ 
tive. There is no distinctive class ot 
“pot roses,” since practically all these 
roses may be and are grown in pots. It 
would be difficult to give even a par¬ 
tial list, for Leon Simon’s “Diction- 
naire de Tous les Nonas de Roses Con- 
nus’” gives over 10,000 different vari¬ 
eties! However, we can give a list of 
good varieties we have tried. 
r We plant our roses in Spring, dormant 
stock of Plybrid Perpetuals and Hy¬ 
brid Teas, just as early as the ground 
can be worked, greenhouse plants in 
active growth (usually Hybrid ,1 eas 
or soft propagated stock of other sorts) 
in May, after danger from frost is over. 
All roses need good drainage, and dis¬ 
like sour, wet soil; otherwise they will 
prove easily pleased. Work the soil 
well, enriching with veil-rotted manure; 
if very light spade . some leaf mouia, 
if tough clay lighten with burnt eartn 
or some coal ashes. If drainage is im¬ 
perfect dig a deep hole, and put some 
stones or broken bricks in the bottom, 
old bones are also good. As your Dor¬ 
othy Perkins was rather late in reach¬ 
ing you we would coddle it a little this 
season by watering in a dry time, and 
see that it gets good surface cultivation. 
If you are planting it by a porch be sure 
it has good soil, and not sterile subsoil 
from the foundation, which is often 
used for grading around a house. Put 
a light mulch of manure around it this 
Fall, forking it into the ground in 
Spring—not that this rose needs pro¬ 
tection, but you will naturally wish to 
encourage it the first season. This rose 
is a show feature in our own garden, 
arching a gateway and clambering along 
a fence, and we cannot praise it too 
highly. . . 
The followng roses are giving us 
satisfaction in the latitude, of New 
York, without Winter protection. 
Climbers.—Ruby Queen, bright cerise; 
Philadelphia and Crimson Rambler, 
both crimson, but beginning bloom 
about 10 days part; Wichuraiana or 
Memorial ros* white, single; Dorothy 
Perkins, pink; Dr. W. V an Fleet, shell 
pink, of exceptional beauty and value, 
Evangeline, pale pink, single; Tausend- 
schon, pink, shading to flesh and white; 
Blush Rambler, pale pink; White Dor¬ 
othy, white. A number of others are 
under trial. 
Hybrid Teas (which we may call 
everblooming)—Francisca Kruger, pink, 
shaded with buff and amber; Killarney, 
bright pink; La France, pink, large; 
Miss -Cynthia Forde, clear pink, very 
fine; Gustave Grunerwald, bright pink, 
beautiful; William Shean, delicate pink, 
extra good; Kaiserin Augusta Victoria, 
white, shaded with amber; Mme. Caro¬ 
line Testout, satiny rose. 
Hybrid Perpetual. — Frau Karl 
Druschki, the finest white; Margaret 
Dickson, white shaded flesh; Mrs. John 
Laing, soft pink, very free, and blooms 
in Autumn; Hugh Dickson, bright crim¬ 
son; Ulrich Brunner, cherry red; 
Prince Camille de Rohan, deep velvety 
crimson; Mme. Gabriel Luizet, soft 
pink, very fine; Magna Charta, bright 
rosy pink, very hardy and free; Paul 
Neyron, bright rose, very large; Mrs. 
A. M. Kirker, vivid cerise, very fine; 
Gustave Piganeau, bright pink; Earl of 
Dufferin, velvety crimson; Fisher 
Holmes, like the old Jacqueminot, but a 
better bloomer; Alfred Colornb, dark 
crimson, very good. This list could be 
greatly extended. The most admired 
and unusual rose we have is Soleil d’Or 
(Hybrid Lutea), a large,, full very 
double flower of vivid nasturtium yel¬ 
low. It is doing very well this year, 
but previous years it appeared a weak 
grower; still, it is too beautiful to give 
up, even if it fails to live over Winter. 
Wild Apples in Chinese Turkestan. 
The Plant Introduction Bureau states 
that among the notes sent in by Mr. 
Frank N. Meyer, agricultural explorer, 
on material collected in the Thian Shan 
Mountains, the following were ap¬ 
pended to certain cuttings of wild apple 
which did not survive the journey. “The 
valley of the Chong Djighilan River (al¬ 
titude 3,700 feet) and its small tribu¬ 
taries is one vast wild apple and apricot 
garden, and these wild trees vary in all 
possible ways. The quality and sizes of 
the fruits of the wild apples exhibit 
great variations, ranging from small, 
sour, hard fruits up to medium-sized ap¬ 
ples of a very fair taste. The local peo¬ 
ple collect the best varieties in Autumn, 
slice them and keep them dry for Win¬ 
ter use, while bears and wild hogs come 
down from the higher mountains espec¬ 
ially to enjoy botli the apples and the 
apricots in late Summer and Autumn. 
These wild apples are apparently much 
slower growers than those we have in 
cultivation, but they make up for it in 
all-round hardiness, and one may ex¬ 
pect to obtain from them strains able to 
stand much greater cold than most of 
the varieties that have been developed 
from the apples coming originally from 
moist and mild western Europe.” 
Hiekorynut Trees in Pasture. 
C. I., Rochester, N. I".—I have two fine 
hickory trees, growing near together, bear¬ 
ing the best nuts I ever ate. that are be¬ 
ginning to die. They are from 40 to 50 
years old, grown in a meadow. In the 
same field are other hickory trees growing 
in the same kind of soil, so far as I can 
judge, which are perfectly healthy and beat- 
good crops of nuts, although 25 to 50 years 
older. The horses and cattle stand around 
these two choice trees a good deal, al¬ 
though not as much as under the older 
ones. I have been thinking I would fence 
them in and then mulch heavily with barn¬ 
yard manure or fertilizer, or both. What 
do vou suggest, if this scheme is not the 
best? 
Ans. —It is quite likely that the sod 
and the tramping of the earth by the 
stock that is in the pasture and natur¬ 
ally spend much of their time under the 
shade of the trees injures their roots. 
In a state of nature hickory trees are 
mulched with leaves and decaying 
twigs and all such vegetable matter. 
This keeps the ground about them and 
over their roots cool, moist and soft. 
In pastures this would all be changed 
and the trees might suffer by it. To 
fence them in and mulch the soil with 
very coarse manure and any old trash 
that can be found on the farm would 
surely benefit them, but I would not 
advise, using very rich manure nor that 
which is fresh from the stables. There 
are thousands of such trees scattered 
over the country that deserve the best 
of treatment and that would pay well 
for it in crops of nuts. I have seen 
thousands of them in the Central States, 
especially in Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, 
that are too valuable to be abused. If 
absolutely left alone they would be far 
better off than to be starved of fertility 
and moisture in meadows and pastures. 
The choice varieties should be propa^ 
gated by grafting and budding them 
onto other and much younger trees, thus 
preserving them and increasing the 
product of valuable nuts. This can be 
done by cutting back the branches of 
any hickory tree to mere stubs in the 
early Spring and when the sprouts that 
will result are of proper size bud and 
graft them from the choice ones. A 
grove of sprouts or very young trees 
can sometimes be found that may thus 
be made over into great value. The 
budding and grafting of nut trees is not 
easily done successfully, but it can be 
done and should be done on many 
farms. h. e. van deman. 
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