802 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
August 5, 
Hope Farm Notes 
Children. —The recent “hot wa've” in 
New York washed great cargoes of humanity 
out of the tenements and small houses in 
the poorer quarters. The brick and stone 
could not cool off during the night, so that 
each day added to the fearful heat. By 
the fourth day these tenements were about 
like an old-fashioned oven and the people 
Were driven out to the streets. Thousands 
of little children ran barefooted over the 
hot stones, unable to find a cool place. I 
went through these streets one day and 
saw this crowd of baked babyhood and my 
mind went out to the red-heads playing 
under the trees at home. I was just saying 
in my heart, “Thank God, our children are 
safe,” when— 
“Oh! Help. AK-h-h-Tuh!” 
I cannot spell out the fearful cry. Across 
the narrow street two little children were 
playing on a sewer pipe. One of them fell 
over backward into the street. lie could 
not have been over two years old. A single 
torn and soiled garment was tied around him. 
As he lay on the pavement two dirty little 
feet and a shock of black hair stuck out at 
The last few years have been so dry in the 
Fall and so bare in the Spring that this 
clover has proved a failure. When the sea¬ 
son will permit its full growth this combi¬ 
nation is a good one but I would not ad¬ 
vise it this year much north of Philadelphia. 
In fact, unless we can have more rain in 
August the early cover crop this year is 
doubtful. I know one Jersey farmer who 
sows Crimson clover in the corn and if the 
season is moist gets a good crop. Experi¬ 
ence shows that it will die out in Spring 
three times in five, so this man gets the corn 
out and then pastures the Crimson clover. 
The cows get good Fall feed and usually 
kill the clover. This year I suggest vetch 
and rye for fruit or truck farms or where 
not so much small grain is grown. The 
vetch will make some trouble in a regular 
grain rotation. We. should use 20 to 25 
pounds of vetch seed and 10 to 16 quarts of 
rye per acre. Sow in August if possible and 
cover an inch or so. This combination will 
give a great mass to turn under or it may 
be cut for fodder. In our own case this 
year we shall use rye alone on most of the 
farm. This is due to a combination of 
causes—dry soil, too much to do in August 
and crops which hold the ground late. The 
seeding will mostly be done late; after Sept. 
16. There is some prejudice against rye, 
but I have great respect for this tough and 
hardy grain. It will grow almost anywhere, 
can be seeded late and will stand hard 
conditions. It does not add any plant food 
to the soil but it provides a great amount of 
tough humus which will keep the soil open 
nnd loose. 
either end of this shirt. As he lay in the 
gutter a big wagon loaded with at least 
three tons of paper came toward him. It 
was a down grade and the horses could not 
hold back. The driver’s face was white as 
snow and he did his best to stop, but the 
horses’ hoofs slid on the pavement and 
those great wheels were rolling straight at 
those little feet! I tried to get there, but 
almost before I could move a woman sprang 
over that pipe like a tiger. She jerked the 
baby just in time. That wheel missed the 
feet by a scant three inches ! The woman 
sprang back over the pipe and sat down on 
the sidewalk with the child in her arms. 
Now, if I were writing a story I could fix 
up some romantic ending for this. Truth, 
however, knocks much of the romance out 
of life. As we want facts, I will give them. 
The child was a poor, sickly little one. He 
cannot possibly hope to be President. The 
woman was not beautiful—small, dried up 
and overworked, but the way she hugged 
that child was good to see. A man came 
out and swore at the pair in a sort of gen¬ 
eral way. Then he went and brought a 
glass full of some dark colored liquor. In 
my Investigations of the liquor law I find 
that you must sample liquor and show your¬ 
self a fair judge before you can prove what 
it is. I did not sample it. but it looked much 
like beer. The child drank about half of it- 
,The woman washed its face with a little 
and drank the rest herself. Of course, I 
know this is a very prosaic ending for a 
thrilling rescue, but I give you the facts. 
When I got home that night and the little 
red-heads came running across the lawn to 
meet me I was more thankful than ever 
that these little folks can pass their child¬ 
hood far away from hot pavements and beer. 
Better make most of your children while 
you can ! 
Cover Crops. —If you are to sow crops 
In the corn now is the time to get ready. 
The object of the cover crop is to keep the 
ground occupied through late Summer and 
Fall 1 1 at i-i tlm season when the greatest 
losses of plant food occur. If the soil is left 
bare the nitrates formed in late Summer 
will be lost in the drainage water. If there 
be Borne live crop growing, most of the ni¬ 
trates will be saved. We sow these crops in 
the corn so as to get them started early. If 
we waited until the corn was cut it would 
be too late for clover, and probably for 
vetch. By getting them started in August 
we have a fair growth to follow the corn. 
And here comes the great thing to remem¬ 
ber. In a very dry season there will not be 
moisture enough for both cover crop and 
corn. Both need water. The corn being 
stronger and larger will get most of what 
there is. The cover crop will get some—not 
■ enough to make it a success but just enough 
to hurt the corn. In a drought, therefore, 
we would not sow a cover crop in the corn 
ln_ August but would keep on cultivating 
with a light harrow or cultivator as long 
as we could get through. This year’s corn 
crop is more important than next year’s 
cover crop and if your soil is very dry, we 
would wait until the corn has matured and 
then seed to rye. If the soil is reasonably 
moist the cover crop is safe and we should 
sow early in August. 
Evert year the question of how to do it 
comes up. This is the way we do it in small 
fields. No doubt there are better ways on 
larger farms. With us, one year and another, 
the corn is ready about Aug. 10. I take the 
mixed seed and walk through the corn 
throwing out by hand two rows at a time. 
A little practice will enable one to scatter 
the seed evenly. We have had a boy ride 
through the corn, throwing the seed from 
a broadcast seeder. This does it rapidly, but 
wastes the seed. Then we follow with a 
light cultivator. I would not use the horse 
hoes with the large teeth. We like the 
“diamond-tooth” which is really a spike 
harrow shaped like a cultivator. Open this 
as wide as possible and go back and forth 
in the row working close up to each side. 
Take a piece of plank or heavy joist about 
feet wide and wire it to the cultivator 
so it will dangle and scrape over the ground 
behind. This will level and smooth down 
the surface. If we had time we should 
go both ways of the field where the corn is 
in hills. This light working and scraping 
will cover the seed about right and you 
have nothing more to do with that cover 
crop but to let it alone. If the soil is in 
fair shape, with enough moisture it will 
cover the ground this Fall and give you a 
good growth to plow under next Spring. 
What shall we sow? For years we have 
advocated 32 pounds of Crimson clover 
and two pounds Cow-horn turnips per acre. 
Farm Notes. —We got the buckwheat and 
clover seeded July 21. You remember that 
this was seeded after oats—cut for hay. It 
is one of the old “loafer fields,” which three 
years ago was a mass of birch, briars and 
brush. There are still a few rocks there 
but these can be blown out and then we shall 
have one of the best fields on the farm. The 
buckwheat may be too late—let us see 
about that. This field is intended for an 
orchard of McIntosh red apples. That is 
the promising variety I have found for our 
section. . . . Eight-year-old trees of 
McIntosh have one box or more of fine fruit 
while nine-year Baldwins have not started. 
Nine-year Ben Davis trees in sod have 
nearly one barrel of fine looking fruit. They 
will have paid their entire cost, rent of land 
and interest long before Baldwins get 
ready. And here comes one of my custom¬ 
ers saying he likes to eat Ben Davis! 
After what I have said and still think 
about old Ben, these things hurt my feel¬ 
ings, but they are facts and what can you 
do with a fact? If you try to bury it, you 
only start a new crop. Better get them out 
and admit them or beat them with stronger 
facts. . . . We have begun to sell the 
early apples. Prices are fair. We can sell 
even sweet o.-es this year. The fact is that 
th apple pie businss has grown to such pro¬ 
portions in New York that there must be 
supplies of pie stock every day. Anything 
that will Blice up into fair sized pieces will 
go and nearby shippers get the benefit of 
this. We have too many early varieties like 
Nyack. The trees were here when we came. 
Without any question we would be $500 bet¬ 
ter off this year if our Nyack, and sweet 
apples were all Baldwins. That is what you 
entail upon some one when you start with the 
wrong varieties. I realize now that it is a 
serious thing to tell a stranger what to 
plant. I should hesitate to do It unless I 
knew all the particulars. A man would far 
better go to some local grower and study 
it out for himself. . . . Just before 
that good shower on July 18 we got out 
8,000 Brussels sprouts and some 2,000 cab¬ 
bage. They hardly draggled a plume but 
held up their heads and started off as if 
proud of life. If we can keep this crop go¬ 
ing it will mean something. The onions are 
no great credit to us. The weeds got at 
them during haying and they are not clean 
yet I hate to admit it, but we did not 
give them full care. The early potatoes are 
good—a larger crop than we have had in 
some years. They will mostly be retailed 
In baskets. The boy’s college crop is at this 
moment the most promising we have had on 
the farm. A potato crop in this country is 
as precarious as a poet’s dream. The boy 
may think himself safe for a couple of terms 
but I would wait until the potatoes are dug 
and sold and paid for before talking edu- 
cation. h. w. c. 
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THE OHIO STATE FAIR 
AUGUST 28 to SEPTEMBER 1 
Entries Close August 12 
The State Fair is big. Few know its magnitude. 
Six hundred newspapers tell about its merits. 
Forty tons of mail matter advertise it. 
Forty acres of machinery exhibits. 
Thirty acres of great buildings under roof. 
Two miles of freight cars to haul exhibits. 
Three thousand dollars used in postage. 
Live stock and animals shown worth a fortune. 
Five thousand people actually labor to make it. 
One hundred uniformed National Guard soldier police. 
One hundred farm boys help in its management. 
Twenty miles of finest ornamental roads and drives. 
Greatest grand stand of concrete and iron in the nation. 
Ten thousand wheels will be turning when fair is in bloom. 
The horse show represents a million dollars in value. 
The cattle show is not excelled by any in the land. 
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Poultry will demonstrate its value to the farm. 
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The State Board will pay the entire expense of one farm boy from each county 
attending the State Fair five days. 
Entries Close August 12. Do it NOW. 
For catalog and other information write, 
A. P. SANDLES, Secretary, Columbus, Ohio. 
