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THE Pi U KAL NEW-YORKER 
August 20, • 
Hope Farm Notes 
A Doctor Hunt. —I came home Monday 
night to find an anxious group at the barn. 
Almost without warning the old mare Nel¬ 
lie Bly had gone wrong. Her throat was 
swelling and all along the neck there were 
lumps and pulls forming. She stood with 
her head down—coughing now and then. 
It was getting dark and we could not see 
very well, but it looked like a case of 
quinsy or sore throat—though how the old 
horse could get it in August was too much 
for me. There is no use for an amateur 
to fool with a sick horse, so, after supper, 
I started over the hills for the veterinarian. 
The shortest way is up the hills through 
our orchard and across the ridge through 
the woods. The three little boys wanted 
to go. They were barefooted and tired, but 
they trotted after. I carried a lantern, for 
twilight darkens rapidly in the hill coun¬ 
try. By the time we reached the peach 
orchard the little redhead was “done.” His 
feet had been scratched by briers, and he 
had hit his toe on a stone. There were 
still long and weary steps ahead. It was 
too dark to find his way home. It was a 
solemn group of little boys that gathered 
about me for a conference. We were just 
at the edge of the woods, and they did 
look black and dismal. At 50 you know 
that there has not been a wolf or a bear 
or a wild man or a savage in northern New 
Jersey for many years, but at five and 
eight every bush and tree may harbor them 
all. I finally took little redhead on my 
back and started ahead with the others 
at my heels. It was dark in those woods, 
aand the boys had 50 thrills before we got 
through and saw the light in the farm¬ 
house. But the doctor had gone away! 
There was nothing for us but to walk back 
home. So, after a rest, we started the 
long way by the road, for the little bare 
feet would have been badly torn by briars 
in tlie dark. We got on well—-stopping at 
several bridges to rest and let the boys 
tell of the great things they expect to do 
when they “run the farm.” When they got 
home they were hungry, and shredded 
wheat and milk made a good nightcap aiid 
balm for scratched feet. 
The Sick Horse. —But what about poor 
Nellie? Philip and I rubbed her neck with 
liniment and put a cloth around it. In 
the case of homeopathic remedies we 
found what seemed to be the specific and 
dosed the old horse and made her comfort¬ 
able for the night. In the morning she 
was worse, coughing and frothing, unable 
to eat or drink and growing feeble. We 
finally got two doctors and they agreed 
that it was a case where feed had collected 
far down past the throat and stopped the 
passage. They cut the lower part of the 
neck open, but the obstruction was far 
below in the breast, where they could not 
reach it. The throat and breast had 
swelled in a frightful manner and the poor 
horse was a pitiful object. She had gobbled 
her food too fast. Both doctors advised 
me to kill the horse, as the chances for 
recovery were remote- I told them to 
operate if there was any chance. They ad¬ 
vised against it, for the horse was too old 
and the weather too hot. 
I stood and looked at the old mare and 
remembered how she had been a part of 
our long struggle for the farm. She had 
been nervous and foolish, yet through all 
these years she had been faithful and had 
done her part. It seemed like a shame to 
kill the poor brute when there was any 
chance for her. So rather against the 
advice of the doctors we decided to try to 
save her. There was nothing to do but 
make her comfortable and let nature take 
the only chance. I had a feeling that the 
horse would rally, but that is a poor thing 
to put up against expert opinion. How¬ 
ever. about nine at night Philip came and 
reported that the horse had been able to 
drink half a pail of water. That was the 
most encouraging thing we had yet heard. 
We kept at her, offering water and green 
grass or weeds from time to time. If we 
could get her to swallow a little and keep 
up her strength there was a chance. Next 
morning she ate some bran gruel and then 
she kept on improving. The swelling at her 
neck and throat is going down and the 
wound is healing. She bids fair to re¬ 
cover. 
They tell me such cases are not uncom¬ 
mon. I read not long ago of a man who 
gobbled down his dinner and got a piece of 
meat stuck out of place somewhere in his 
breast. He died. Sometimes when the 
children are hungry and play is calling 
them I wonder that they are not choked. 
I presume that working a horse in a tight- 
fitting collar would lead to it, or feeding 
very dry and light ground feed without 
watering before feeding. We have had 
cows choke on apples or roots and crushed 
the obstruction with a mallet and a block 
of wood, hut when the trouble is beyond 
th» shoulders there is small hope for re¬ 
covery. At any rate, Nellie is in a fair 
way to get well. I think the cut in the 
lower part of the neck helped by relieving 
the pressure. 
Farm Notes. —The drought became a 
calamity. I hoped there was moisture 
enough in the ground to mature the early 
peaches to full size. The hot, dry winds 
took the water faster than I thought pos¬ 
sible. and many peaches were undersized 
in spite of all we could do. They are well 
colored and flavored, but are too small. The 
later varieties are better, and with one 
soaking rain they will be large enough. 
The continued drought now through three 
seasons has driven some of our farmers 
practically out of business. They depend 
on fertilizers for plant food, but this hot, 
dry soil will not produce the crops and 
fertilizer bills and taxes cannot be paid. 
I presume we shall have a series of wet 
seasons following this scourge, but it is 
driving us to irrigation. We must have a 
water supply of some sort if these dry 
Summers are to continue. I am thinking 
of putting a tank somewhat like a cement 
or block silo on a little mound on the 
lower part of the farm. I would put a 
gasoline pump under the present windmill 
and be prepared to use either power as 
needed. Then 1 would keep the big tank 
tilled for a dry time and let the water out 
as desired. Our people must come to some¬ 
thing of the sort before long, or see our 
crops and trees dry up Summer after Sum¬ 
mer. I notice many trees in this country 
which clearly show the effects of the 
drought. We have got to water them as 
"'dl as feed them, on these thin hills where 
there is only a steak of soil above the 
rocks. This dry weather is bad for the 
potted strawberry plants, yet the big par¬ 
ent plants keep the runners going and we 
have been able to keep our orders running. 
1 find that most people who buy these 
plants expect too much from them. I do 
not care what the nurserymen say, you 
cannot hope for anything like a full crop 
next Spring. If you get one spray of fruit 
you will do well. We have found that 
potted plants set in August or September 
will winter better than layer plants. I 
put up no particular argument at all ex¬ 
cept to say that the potted plants will 
live if you give them a fair show, and 
that they give one a good chance to start 
with high-priced or superior varieties. 
. . . How the apples can make any size 
in this dried-out soil is more than I can 
imagine. When we dig into it there is 
no evidence of moisture, yet some of our 
eight-year Twenty Ounce trees have apples 
as large as the baby’s head. I suppose it 
is true that a tree's roots can beat a man's 
eye at detecting moisture. It must be so, 
for here are the big apples to prove it. 
Wealthy is another variety which seems 
to me like a camel. Our little trees on the 
dry hilltop are loaded so that the branches 
touch the ground. Vet the fruit is large 
and high-colored. The only trees that 
match them are two which are top-worked 
on natural seedlings. These at seven years 
from the graft are loaded to the ground 
with beautiful fruit. They have never 
been cultivated—just the brush cut and 
piled around the trees. This convinces me 
that the natural seedlings in their hard 
struggle for life develop a root system 
which is far superior to that of most 
trees which you get from the nursery. 
When you top-work one of these old 
hustlers and can let them stand without 
disturbance you will have a great tree. 
And this leads to the following question : 
“I have about a hundred small natural 
fruit apple trees on my farm. T)>o« arc 
from three to five feet high and, in many 
cases, too close together. Will you teil 
me whether it would be advisable to graft 
them before transnlanting or not; also, 
whether they are too small to graft?” 
Maine. v. f. 
From our experience we would if possible 
pick out seedlings which stand in line at 
reasonably even distances apart and graft 
them without digging. We would dig up 
the others and cut off the roots, packing 
them so they would keep through the Win¬ 
ter. About January root-graft them with 
good scions taken from the best bearing 
trees, and in the Spring plant these root 
grafts. It would be better to put them in 
a nursery row and give them good care 
before transplanting in the orchard. We 
have found the root-grafted trees superior 
to trees grafted on the sprout and then 
dug up. 
While we are on the apple problem sup¬ 
pose we take up the following: 
“Does it pay better to feed ray eight 
pigs the dropped apples, or sell these to 
the cider mill at 40 cents per barrel and 
buy feed for the money at $1.50 per 100 
pounds?” g. K. 
, Feed the apples to the pigs and keep far 
away from the cider mill. I presume you 
mean the drops of Fall or Winter apples— 
the early fruit will not make good cider 
anyway. Apples do not have a high feed¬ 
ing value, but when fed with grain and 
other fodder help in digestion. The boy 
is trying this. The dry weather has hurt 
his acre of potatoes, so to help out his 
college expenses he bought two good pigs 
and is stuffing them on cheap feed. Small 
potatoes boiled, windfall apples, weeds' 
and kitchen wastes and some grain are 
making these pigs into black beauties. It 
is surprising how much pork you can make 
out of the wastes on a farm if you handle 
them with judgment. The boy has no 
objection to going through college with 
Billy Berkshire and his partner to help. 
The hog has some* noble qualities after 
all, for he can help advance the cause of 
education. 
Farm Partnership Terms.—I never 
knew the time when so many farm part¬ 
nerships were on the carpet. As a rule 
it is a combination of labor and capital, 
and labor wants to know what it should 
receive. Here is a case: 
“A farmer wishes to employ me on his 
farm under the following conditions: I 
to grow on shares two or more acres of 
small fruits, grapes, strawberries, rasp¬ 
berries and blackberries, he to furnish the 
land, the team, tools, house (not a good 
one) to live in, a garden plot free, and 
fuel. When I am not engaged on this 
work I am to work for him for a money 
salary at the rate of $20 or more per 
month. All of the conditions above be¬ 
ginning with the house were offered me at 
first, and later the small fruit deal was 
attached to the offer. Under the above 
conditions, what share should I receive 
of the fruit? I to do all of the work, he 
to furnish the manure, bone meal and 
other fertilizers, the plants to set the 
plot, the necessary trellis wire and posts. 
Who should furnish the baskets and crates, 
the spray material, straw for Winter pro¬ 
tection, etc. ?” 
I do not know the men or the farm, or 
any of the details. The human nature 
side is all left out. I should consider 
such a deal a sort of business triangle. 
The land and house would represent one 
side, the fertilizer, tools and plants an¬ 
other, and the labor the third. I should, 
under such condition think one-third of 
the crop a fair share for the workman. 
The other arrangement would complicate 
it somewhat, but I call the one and two- 
thirds division fair. h. w. c. 
NGINE 
■ E S 
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