1911 . 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
926 
Ruralisms 
Wrong Spray for Peaches. 
A. E. P., Frcdonia, Pa .—I bought and 
planted some Crawford peach trees last 
Spring. They were planted in the potato 
field and did well until about a month ago, 
when the leaves all dropped off. New ones 
started, but hardly started when they, too, 
went. The ends of the branches turned 
brown and shrunk. They were sprayed three 
times with the Bordeaux mixture and Paris 
green. What is the trouble? 
Ans. —I think this a clear case of in¬ 
jury of the foliage by spraying with the 
wrong material. Bordeaux mixture 
and Paris green are both very injurious 
to the leaves of peach trees and should 
never be applied to them. There is 
most remarkable ignorance about spray¬ 
ing, for many persons think that one 
mixture is as good as another, for any 
sort of trouble and on any kind of tree 
or plant. They think and act on this 
plan, as a tyro at hunting might do by 
taking buckshot to kill birds or bird 
shot to kill deer, and hunting at any 
season of the year or at one time for 
all kinds of game. One to do safe and 
effective spraying must know how, when 
and what to use in the way of spray 
mixtures and tools. Had A. E. P. used 
self-boiled lime-sulphur and arsenate of 
lead as a spray mixture, made and ap¬ 
plied properly to his peach trees, there 
would have been no trouble and there 
might have been beneficial results, if 
there was need of it, to prevent diseases 
and insects. h. e. van deman. 
Trouble With Peach Trees. 
L . H . W ., Bloomsburg , Pa .-—We have a 
peach orchard just coming into bearing, 
three and four years old. The trees were 
nice and thrifty in 1910, but now nearly 
half of them are dying and the remainder 
are affected. The trouble is that the bark- 
dies on one side next the ground and ou 
very rank growing trees it runs en¬ 
tirely around and the leaves turn yellow, 
gum comes out, and finally they die. 
Ans. —It is quite clear to me that the 
exceedingly rank and late growth in 
this case is the cause of the trouble. 
The ranker and the later the growth the 
more danger of injury. The exceed¬ 
ingly sappy condition of the trees when 
the last Winter set in was abnormal, and 
wood was not well ripened and in pro¬ 
per condition to endure the violent 
changes. This caused bursting of the 
bark at the base of some of the trees 
and the injury was worse when the 
trees were the sappiest, in some cases 
extending entirely around the trunks. 
The way to correct this evil is to stop 
cultivation the last of July and sow the 
land to oats, rye or buckwheat, or all of 
them mixed, and thus cause a stoppage 
of the rapid growth. This will add hu¬ 
mus to the soil and be a benefit in that 
Way, tOO. H. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Transplanting Wild Trees and Shrubs. 
E. D. C., Litchfield, Conn .—Will you 
give some advice as to transplanting native 
trees and shrubs from the field, such species 
as Azaleas, cornels, Viburnums, witch 
hazel, and the common trees? I under¬ 
stand that success is much more likely 
with some than with others, and I should 
like to know which are most likely to do 
well. 
Ans. —The difficulties in transplanting I 
native trees and shrubs chiefly arise 
from the selection of specimens that are 
too large and too firmly rooted, or 
from neglecting to cut back the top 
sufficiently to balance the lacerated 
roots. Nursery stock, being moved 
from time to time, is likely to form a 
compact root system, while the roots 
of wild specimens have a tendency to 
wander and thus are more likely to be 
injured in lifting. Speaking generally, 
the deciduous trees and shrubs should 
be dug in early Spring, but the wild 
Azalea or pinxter flower (Rhododen¬ 
dron nudiflorum) is an exception, suf¬ 
fering the least disturbance if trans¬ 
planted when in full bloom; its leaves 
do not unfold until bloom is past. In i 
every case dig carefully with a good 
ball of earth, breaking as few roots 
as possible; wrap the ball in burlap or 
otherwise prevent drying out; plant 
carefully without delay with a mulch 
of leaves or strawy trash over the sur¬ 
face, and cut back the top carefully, but 
not too severely. We have under ob¬ 
servation two specimens of wild all¬ 
spice (Lindera Benzoin), transplanted 
from the woods last Spring; one small 
shrub carefully lifted and put in a 
slightly shaded place is doing well, 
while a large one that received no cut¬ 
ting back and is exposed to full sun 
is almost entirely dead. An adjacent 
Azalea lifted in full bloom is doing 
well. Transplanted cornels seem to do 
very well if ordinary care is observed; 
the Viburnums coming under our ob¬ 
servations were longer in recovering 
the shock, but this may have been 
due to local conditions. The mistake 
is often made of taking up a wild 
shrub growing in rich moist soil, and 
planting in a sunny lawn where the 
soil is thin and poor; success could 
hardly be expected. Sassafras seems 
very difficult to transplant, unless a 
small seedling. Birch often gets a 
serious setback, or fails to survive un¬ 
less small. Wild conifers are often 
troublesome; late May and early June 
is the best time for them; in addition 
to care in keeping the roots moist, it is 
well to spray the whole plant daily if 
a dry spell follows planting, a mulch 
is also necessary. With proper care 
there are many transplanted wildlings 
that do well; more among shrubs than 
trees, we think, because the planter is 
likely to select a tree that may be too 
large to move well from its place of 
germination, whereas the nurseryman’s 
tree of the same size, already wonted 
to transplanting, will bear removal 
without shock. 
Ornamental Grapes. —I cannot under¬ 
stand why Mr. Wakeman made no mention of 
Eldorado grape as a strong grower, as It 
Is the strongest I know of, and I have 
grown 25 or more varieties. The quality 
of fruit is also of the very highest, accord¬ 
ing to my taste, superior even to Delaware 
or Vergennes. The latter is one of my 
favorites, strong, healthy, prolific, and of 
high quality, and loses none of its flavor 
by long hanging on vine as in case with 
Brighton. Eldorado’s blossoms are imper¬ 
fect. and it is subject to rot, yet it should 
be in every amateur’s collection. e. p. 
Treating Foul Cistern. —If F. G. It., 
Hinsdale, Mass., will put a quart of un¬ 
slacked lime in his cistern it may improve 
the water. j. l. w. 
Clermont, N. Y. 
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