844 
the rural new-yoRrer 
September 23, 
Hope Farm Notes 
The Milk Record. —Mollie, the grade 
Guernsey cow, slumped a little in August. 
She had a had case of indigestion, and gave 
little or no milk for several days. Finally 
we got her back to 2G pounds. During 
August she gave 773 pounds, which makes 
a total of 4,02G pounds from April 14 to 
September 1. We figure this milk worth 
four cents a pound, as that is what we 
would have to pay in cash if we bought it. 
Her grain cost .$4.20, and 31 hours of care 
at 20 cents an hour means $G.20 for cash 
expense. The milk was worth to us $29.32, 
which makes net earnings $18.02. Figured 
in this way the financial statement thus 
far is: 
Earnings. 
April . $7.76 
May . 30.31 
June . 29.94 
July . 27.79 
August. 18.92 
Total.$114.72 
No charge is made for pasture and hay. 
There is no use going over the reasons 
why we credit this milk at four cents a 
pound. It is worth that to our family as 
cream, skim-milk and pot cheese or in bread. 
At present food prices I do not think we 
could buy the actual food which this milk 
contains for less money. We do not claim 
any superior cow or any world record, 
but these figures show just what the cow 
is doing. 
Eeberta Time. —Go and ask a peach 
grower when the business grinds most on 
his nerves and he will say—“When Elber- 
tas are ripening!” That peach is time 
keeper. I have been told how years ago 
a colored cook in the South threw a lot 
of peach pits out of the back door. Among 
the seedlings which grew up in the gar¬ 
den was the big yellow fruit which has 
changed the history of the peach busi¬ 
ness. How that bunch of golden flesh 
has marked the orchards and the fruit 
stands. Thousands of people know “El- 
berta,” but could not recognize any other 
peach. So many are planted that during 
the season it dominates the market. Unless 
other peaches \ook like it they will have 
a poor chance while Elbcrta holds the 
stage. 
I call it a poor eating peach, yet cus¬ 
tomers demand it and will take no other. 
The market is usually flooded at Elbcrta 
time, yet somehow the peaches disappear. 
Carman and Salway will make more money 
for us, and I think them better varieties, 
yet even the church people waited until 
Elberta time before having their peach so¬ 
cial. We came forward with two baskets 
of fruit nearly as large as cannon balls. 
Then we were expected to come and buy 
the peaches and cream, with Mother waiting 
on the table. You might call such an ar¬ 
rangement as that a “peach.” Anything 
goes when Elberta gets ripe. It is a great 
variety, but Carman and Salway will take 
ns out of the rush. 
The Ripening Season.- —Our plan has 
been all through our fruit business to pro¬ 
long the period of ripening. We plant 
varieties and try to handle the trees so as 
not to have too heavy a picking at any one 
time. Part of our peaches are in sod. 
These ripened earlier than the cultivated 
this year, and thus added several days to 
the time of picking. Then we found that 
the fruit on the eastern slope of our hill 
came several days ahead of the same 
variety on the western side. Our plan is 
to do all possible work with our own regu¬ 
lar labor, and this lengthening out the 
picking season helps in this. The same is 
true of apples. I would not advise too 
many of early varieties. I think some of 
the New York growers have over-set with 
such kinds as Duchess, Wealthy and other 
late Summer apples. Virginia and other 
Southern localities can get such fruit in 
first. With a local trade, however, we 
need some early 'fruit to keep up a succes¬ 
sion and hold customers. Just now we are 
picking Fall Pippins, the finest specimens 
we ever had on the farm. 
Marketing and Food. —W 7 e have been 
sending a load to market nearly every 
night except Saturday and Sunday. The 
man who does this is the vegetarian I have 
spoken of before. He will get up at one 
o’clock and drive off with his load. Back 
at noon the next day, he works through 
tho afternoon, gets his load ready at night 
and is off again. I hardly know when he 
sleeps. This man will work all day and 
make a Supper of melon and broad, with 
perhaps a little oil or peanut butter. At 
other times he eats a stew of various vege¬ 
tables or some boiled beans and bread. 
He can plow all day on stewed prunes. I 
have given up trying to figure out hotv he 
does it. but tire fact is that close to 70 
years this man feeding on vegetables, fruit 
and bread can stand more real fatigue 
than any man of 50 I know of. Last year 
we went all through this matter of meat 
eating. It seemed to be settled that a 
man can work and endure and keep good- 
natured on a vegetable diet. He probably 
would not amount to much in a prize fight 
or wherever ugly fighting qualities were 
needed. Animal food is the stuff to give 
what people call the spirit of mastery. 
Many of us who get over 50 would do well 
to remember that we can do more by good 
strategy than by knock-down blows. 
Therefore I believe more fruit and vege¬ 
tables and less meat will be better for us. 
We notice, however, that cur vegetarian 
consumes an enormous built of food. Man 
is not supposed to have as many stomachs 
as a ruminant. 
Spraying. —Now we can sum up the 
value of spraying operations, for the trees 
and the fruit have about finished their 
work. We have some striking proof of 
the value of spraying for the Codling worm. 
Several of our large trees stand alone near 
the garden. The land is cultivated on three 
or more sides of them, and it Is hard to 
get the sprayer where the entire tree can 
be covered. Thus one corner or one side 
will not be thoroughly sprayed, while the 
remainder of the tree will be well covered. 
With every one of these large trees you 
can sec just where the spraying stopped. 
The apples are wormy and fall early, and 
are smaller. Where the spraying was thor¬ 
ough the fruit is larger and the branches 
are loaded. There can be no question 
about such a demonstration. We used one 
gallon of lime-sulphur mixture and two 
pounds arsenate of lead to a little less 
than 50 gallons of water. Where this went 
on properly it is doubtful if five per cent 
of the apples are wormy. That scourge 
of scale on some of our best trees is a 
nuisance and disgrace. I feel like putting 
it hard. I certainly had no idea the insect 
could spread so rapidly, and it has come 
in the very place that we thought was 
clean. Where I thought it was to be ex¬ 
pected there is barely a mark to be found. 
There is only one way to be dead sure, and 
that is to spray regularly. The only way to 
go into the fruit business is to be dead 
sure. 
Rules of Life. —We get all sorts of ques¬ 
tions from our friends. Many of them are of 
a personal nature, from people who are in 
real trouble. It is hard to give helpful 
answers. Ofttimes all we can do is to make 
suggestions. Not long ago a young man 
just married and starting a home of his own 
wrote saying he noticed how many married 
people snarl and quarrel. How could this be 
avoided? It happened that during the same 
week a letter came from a man of 70 who 
speaks of his married life as follows: 
“I suppose we had as nearly a perfectly 
happy life as could be in this world. We 
had three rules when first married. 
“1. There shall be no secrets between 
us. 
“2. We will not allow anyone, not even 
our parents, to interfere in our affairs. 
“3. We will not speak unkindly of or 
to one another, not even in jest. 
“These rules were kept during the more 
than 45 years of our married life; she 
never spoke a cross or angry word to me, 
and we never had a quarrel of any kind.” 
J. D. 
I can do no better than print these ideal 
rules. I am afraid nine out of 10 of us 
would fail to live up to them, but they cover 
pretty much the whole story. Rule No. 2 
is about the hardest, but the most important. 
You must remember that some of the con¬ 
versation you hear between man and wife 
seems cross or cruel, but does not really 
mean anything. At heart they are all right. 
The fondest of words may be no test of 
affection. 
The Savings. —Here is another case 
where a stranger cannot give direct advice: 
“My husband died recently, and the time 
has come to invest his hard-earned savings 
for our daughter and myself. Of course the 
first point is safety. Other things being 
equal, it seems desirable to have an invest¬ 
ment of a somewhat permanent nature if 
possible. I applied for particulars of joint 
annuities issued by one of the three large 
life insurance companies of New York. They 
give a rate paying just about four per cent. 
This seems, to me low. compared with sav¬ 
ings banks, considering that in the latter 
one has the principal. Could a joint an¬ 
nuity be found elsewhere, paying a little 
higher and yet equally safe? Lacking this, 
is there anything better than a mortgage on 
property, say in Philadelphia?” E. 
With me, it would depend upon the 
amount of this property and the way 
these women had been taught to regard 
money. If there is enough of the money 
to secure a permanent annuity large enough 
to give them fair support, such an arrange¬ 
ment would be safe and relieve them from 
trouble and worry. The rate of interest 
is too low for such an investment. If the 
amount is not large I should prefer a 
strong savings bank, for in that the capital 
is liquid, and while earning a small rate of 1 
interest, can be easily obtained in case a 
better investment offers. That is why we i 
should consider the way these women have 
been brought up to regard money. Some 
women are good-natured or tender-hearted. 
They have relatives or friends who come 
with a tale of woe or some great story of 
profit. It takes a woman of stern char¬ 
acter to say “No” to these people. Eight 
times out of 10 if she listens to them she 
will lose her money. Time after time we 
have seen women left comfortably well off 
come to want through their inability to 
say “no” when in control of cash or liquid 
property. It is far better for such people 
to have their money tied up securely so 
that they cannot touch the principal with¬ 
out a lot of red tape. A mortgage on good 
city real estate is safe, and usually pays a 
little higher interest rate than a savings 
bank. I find that trust companies will 
often obtain good mortgages on approved 
pronerty, manage the loans, make collec¬ 
tions, and, in case of need, advance money 
with the mortgage as security. My own 
experience with life insurance companies 
shows that the large companies are safe, 
but as an investment the interest is so 
small that you do better in a savings bank. 
I carry a policy which will now mature in 
a few years. My figures show that we 
would now be better off if I had put the 
money regularly Into a savings bank and 
carried a simple risk life policy without 
life “benefits.” 
Late Cultivation. —This matter comes 
up every Fall: 
“I have a half acre orchard of mixed 
trees. Last Fall I sowed rye in Spring, 
had it plowed under, then cultivated till 
August 1 ; from August 1 till the present 
time it has become very weedy with purs¬ 
lane. Would it start the trees growing if 
I plowed it under next month to sow rye 
to turn under next Spring, or leave the 
weeds go till next Spring and turn them 
under, then sow about 200 pounds of fer¬ 
tilizer compost'd only of phosphoric acid and 
muriate of potash, then cultivate till 
August 1, sow buckwheat, let it grow and 
die down to be turned under in Spring. I 
would like to use Thomas slag for the phos¬ 
phoric acid part on account of the lime it 
contains. IIow much of the Thomas slag 
and muriate of potash should I use to a 
half acre? From the way the trees grow 
I don’t think they need any nitrate of 
soda. c. P. 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
I should let the orchard alone. Last 
year we disked half of a peach orchard in 
late September and seeded rye. A late 
growth started. While the trees made a 
fine showing this year there were fewer 
peaches on many of the trees in the culti¬ 
vated part. Winter got the buds where the 
trees made that late growth. That weed 
will not hurt. We should use three parts 
of the slag to one of sulphate. Do not use 
muriate of potash with slag. If the trees 
do not show the right color you can add 
nitrate. Put in some rye with the buck¬ 
wheat. Then after the latter dies the rye 
will come on and give a green growth 
through the Winter. h. w. c. 
$ 17.80 
and up 
Spring Tooth Harrows $ 7.20 and up 
Land Rollers - - - 17.35 and up 
Grain Drills - - - 28.80 and up 
Lime Spreaders - - 23.90 and up 
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