NKVV-YOKKER 
fcHJl 
1911. 
New Farming a New Trade. 
A farmer when lie moves to another 
part of the country has practically to 
learn a new trade, when he farms suc¬ 
cessfully on the new place. The soil, 
climate and market are different, and it 
will take him a year or two to learn the 
farming trade in the new location. He 
should live in a neighborhood for at 
least one year before buying land, for 
he is only an apprentice in the new 
place. F. p. 
Fresno, Cal. 
R. N.-Y.—This is a sound dictum. 
Anyone who has moved 500 miles in any 
direction from his old home and tried to 
run a farm as he did in the old place 
will endorse this statement. It is like 
learning a new trade. We have seen 
this demonstrated many times in the 
South. Northern men go there full of 
the experience which has meant success 
in the cold country only to find some of 
their best plans fail. They attribute 
the entire trouble to the new country 
when in truth they are at fault, not be¬ 
cause their methods are wrong, but be¬ 
cause they could not make them over to 
fit the new conditions. In like manner 
Southern men move North and do not 
realize how they must work during the 
short Summer to provide for the long 
Winter. We arc getting away from two 
old propositions, which are, “Any fool 
can farm,” and, “Any farmer can run 
any farm.” 
Keeping Greenings and Baldwins. 
F. L., Coventry, It. /. What Is the best 
possible way to keep It. 1. (Ireonlngs and 
Baldwin apples over Winter? I have a 
cellar in the house, but i think It is rather 
cold for apples In Winter Will you tell 
me when is the best time to pick them? 
Ans. —The Greening is one of the 
most difficult apples to keep because of 
its tendency to “scald” or turn brown 
when held over Winter. This is as true 
of cold storage as of that in cellars. 
The icehouses usually have more diffi¬ 
culty of this sort than the chemical 
ones. However, T know of one icehouse 
neat* my own home, where the owner 
makes a specialty of Greenings, and he 
has little trouble of this sort. He uses 
pipes filled with salt and ice, and his 
house is dry. One can set fire to a paper 
which has been in there for weeks, al¬ 
most as readily as one could if it had 
been kept in an ordinary dry room. 
Hence I conclude that a cold, dry air is 
best to prevent scald. Baldwins are 
rarely troubled this way. Most cellars 
are too warm to keep apples. The 
nearer they can be kept just above the 
freezing point the better. Often a cel¬ 
lar can have the windows open during 
the day, and thus take in a lot of cold 
air which is retained for some time 
after they are closed during the colder 
night; The writer has a cellar under 
his corn house built to store apples. In 
zero weather it will freeze, but at such 
time a covering of fine hay will save 
the fruit. We have saved Spitzenburgs 
there until April. Apples to save in 
any kind of storage should be pretty 
well matured on the trees—not dead 
ripe, of course. Then they should not 
be allowed to lie around to be heated by 
the sun, or to sweat in piles, but if pos¬ 
sible go from the tree with as little 
handling as possible direct to the stor¬ 
age. I would emphasize the fact that 
in any event they would better be cool 
before they go in. That is, I would 
not pick apples in the middle of a warm 
day and carry them immediately into 
storage. Rather leave them until the 
morning after, holding in a cold place 
during the night. Whether to store in 
tight packages like a barrel or in crates 
through which the air can penetrate is a 
question on which there is quite a dif¬ 
ference of opinion. The Western New 
York cold storage men use the barrel 
tightly head*d, and they are very suc¬ 
cessful. The party to whom T referred, 
who keeps Greenings so well, uses the 
bushel slatted crate. Many of our Hud¬ 
son Valley storage men do the same. 
My own preference is for a tight pack¬ 
age. 1 was taught by my father 40 years 
ago to use such, and I have always found 
my apples kept better that way, not ex¬ 
posed to the air, than when I put them 
in open packages. 
EDWARD VAN AI.STYNE. 
THIS RURAL 
FRUIT AND FARM MACHINERY AT NEW 
YORK STATE FAIR. 
Notwithstanding the fait that the .State 
Fair comes “betwixt and between" the 
early and late maturing fruits, it never 
fails to produce an exhibit whose descrip¬ 
tion in detail would involve the use of too 
much space. As usual the long tables of 
apples, grapes, plums and peaches show all 
tlie colors of the rainbow. The larger 
horticultural societies, the Western New 
York Horticultural Society and the State 
Fruit Growers’ Association call on their 
members, and they respond nobly. The 
first prize was llnally won by the Fruit 
Growers. The State Experiment Station 
had its usual fine collection of plums and 
grapes. Kllwanger & Barry exhibited their 
oft-ropeated line of pears, in which field 
they appear to reign supreme. Here ami 
there local organizations had sent in ex¬ 
hibits, which is a feature that should be 
encouraged as much as possible. Take the 
county exhibits, only Ontario. Orleans and 
Niagara competed for position. Talking 
with a prominent Wayne County grower on 
the train returning to the city, lie re¬ 
marked that while they had the fruit no 
one could be found to arrange it. Evi¬ 
dently modesty is rampant in that county. 
The prizes offered for the best county dis¬ 
play were won by Orleans, followed by On 
tario and Niagara. The winnner's exhibit 
was put up in a variety of styles and 
caught the judge's eye on that account, 
though if novelty had been considered a 
little more the fetching background of 
Ontario Co., consisting of a representation 
of the spies who were sent out in Bildlcnl 
times as they returned bearing their load, 
would have taken a first. This was shown 
as a gigantic bas-relief of different colored 
grapes, and the profile and sketclied-in gar¬ 
ments revealed n clever hand as the espe¬ 
cial property of the chairman of the On¬ 
tario County contingent. Fourteen bar¬ 
rels of Ontario County apples were given 
out to callers, and this feature might well 
be copied by the other sections. If all of 
the fruit belt counties would exert them¬ 
selves in some decided fashion the annex 
might be occupied solely as one kind of a 
"county house.” 
Several of the nursery companies had 
excellent exhibits and set forth the merits 
of their wares in good shape. There would 
lie little use for tree agents if Intending 
purchasers took time to inform themselves 
before purchasing. So long as people buy 
blindly as they would buy a keg of nails, 
they must not expect “figs from thistles” 
nor fine fruit from colored pictures. One 
feature was the many signs urging people 
to believe that New York offered as good 
chances as any State in the T'nlon. Like 
the psychology of advertising in other lines, 
this is a step in the right direction. Clar 
ify your belief with a good stock of judg 
mont and success will follow. 
An increasing feature of the Fair is the 
never ending procession of gasoline and 
power machinery. It is significant of the 
newer trend of the farmer’s mind that ex¬ 
cessive expenditure of “elbow grease" Is 
losing its charm for him. If a hired man 
costs ir> cents per hour and gasoline the 
same per gallon, which is the cheaper is a 
problem which forces Itself on his mind. 
Practically every tent where machinery was 
being shown had a gasoline engine for 
motive power. The traction engine people 
were not behind in displaying their ma¬ 
chinery and the uses to which it could be 
put. One concern had a line of small 
thrashing machines run by a gas engine. 
This size is intended for the hill counties 
where grain fields are small. Those of us 
who were “raised” on the old two-horse 
tread power will appreciate these last. 
What the effect of this increasing line of 
mechanical helpers will be on the rising 
generation no one can tell, but the farm 
motor will have a much more potent charm 
than the hoe handle in inducing the farm¬ 
er’s son to remain. As Prof. Roberts of 
Cornell used to say. “TIP Lord put man in 
the garden to bo boxs over the things in it.” 
and in order to be “boss” at the present 
time the farmer must use as far as pos¬ 
sible those tools which have proved a suc¬ 
cess in the hands of other men. 
.T. DKM.VUY. 
Tile Your Farm With a 
Cyclone Ditching Machine 
AVE its coil in ten days’ operation. 
This is a big claim; make us prove it 
before you settle for the machine. 
We guarantee 300 rods of ditch per day 
with six horses. 
One customer writes: “ Saved 
it* cost in a few days;" another, 
“Saved $45 to $f>0 per day;” 
another, “Saved $100 in four I 
days;” another, “Saved $200 in 
tiling 12 acres.” 
It will do the same for you. Don’t delay_ 
don’t wait for contractors—do your own tiling. 
Write today for catalog 
The Jeschke Manufacturing Co. 
Box 113, Bellevue, Ohio 
1 — ^ 
1 1J 1" 1 
r J -II 
4 
►33$ 
States 
stand 
back of — 
Every use to which a wagon bed can be put is found in tbe Melrose. Instead of having your 
money tied up in extra hay-racks, stock beds, etc., which are lying around the farm 
most of the time and which have to be lifted on and off the gears with continual effort and 
at a big risk to your health — the Melrose is always on the gears and in two minutes can be 
changed to any kind of a bed yon want. 
15 WAGONS IN ONE 
You can drive to town with a big load of hay 
and brins back a load of coal, livo stock, fertilizer 
or anything else. Bod can be readily chanced 
from grain tight to.any kind of stock or poultry 
bod. hav-rack. or with one Hido extended for corn, 
gathering. Fifteen different changes—they are 
all in tlio Melrose, and the Melrose is always on 
tho pears. 
A 12-Year Old Tloy Can Operate It. Every 
change from one position to another can bo made 
in two minutes by a 12- _ 
year old boy—without add Vv 
ing to or takingaway asingloV 
part, or without tho uso of any 
tool — no complicated adjust¬ 
ments—nothing to broak or got 
out of order. Tho strongest wagon 
bod made—no cast iron—but the linost cold 
rolled steel, absolutely unbreakable, perfectly 
and rigidly braced. Guaranteed to bo grain tight. 
YOU TAKE NO CHANCES 
This is not an experiment—tho Melrose has been 
tested and approved by twenty-seven U. S. agri- 
ggyepa 
cult u rat 
experimental sta¬ 
tions. Some of tbe leading 
business men of Chicago and tho United 
ovory wagon bed with tlieir rep¬ 
utations and their capital. ThoRO 
mon could not afford to bo identified with this 
wagon bed unless it would back up ovory claim. 
Mr. E. I), Overshiner, our President, isalso Pres¬ 
ident of tho ISwedlsh-American Telephone Com¬ 
pany. Mr. L. A. Neis, our Vico President, 
is General Manager of tho 
Western News Company. 
Mr. Stewart Spaulding. 
Treasurer, is managing 
di rector of the Chicago Col¬ 
iseum. 
M r. John Ring) ing. one of otir 
directors, is tho same John 
Hingling of tho Great Singling 
Bros. show. 
Mr. II. N. Taylor is President of tho General 
Wilmington Coal Co. 
Mr. 11. H. Windsor, a director, is ownor of tho 
magazine. Popular Mechanics. 
Mr. Homer E. Nicsz, a director, is Manager of 
tho Cosmopolitan Eloctric Company. 
Yon make no mistake when you trade with these 
men. Tliei r reputations arc establ istied; they stand 
buck of ovory wagon bed sold by this Company. 
Here is a handy wagon lied without a flaw—you 
cannot think of asinglo feature this wagon should 
contain that lias been overlooked no weak spots 
—no Hpringsor ratchets. With all its Ifi uses its 
the simplest bed in construction and operation. 
Buy Now at tho Factory Price. If you act 
now you can buy tho Melrose direct from factory 
at tlio net factory price. Do not delay—this lied 
pays for itself every year. Write for (free) illus¬ 
trated book. 
AMERICAN WAGON COMPANY 
Room 1277 1 12 West Adams Street, 11 CHICAGO. ILL. 
This Valuable 
Book is Free 
It tells you how to lay Steel Roofing, 
shows all the most practical designs and 
explains why a steel roof is the best and 
cheapest to buy. 
With this book are sent free samples of 
Galvanized Steel Roofing and a complete 
price *heet showing prices, freight paid to 
your nearest Railroad Station. 
The Steel Roofing shown in this book 
is manufactured in our own large Roofing 
factory and is all guaranteed brand new 
and perfect in every way. It is sold 
direct to you giving you the benefit of the 
saving we make in not having to pay 
commissions nor agents. 
Write today for this book and other 
information showing why we can save you 
money on the highest grade of Steel 
Roofing. 
The Ohio Galvanizing' 
& Mfg. Co. 
5 
SECURED OR FEE RETURNED. 
I'Ycr I'm out Hook, Soiling Guide and 
List of Buyers a ml Manufacturers of 
Inventions. ADVICE FREE. Seud sketch. 
FARNHAM & SUES, Aliys., 548 F. SI.,Washington, D.C. 
Low-Down Steel Wheel Wagons 
Am fast replacing the high farm wagons for 
general farm work. The reason is plain. Tlio 
Low-Down wagon makes easier work for the 
man and no harder for the team. One man 
can do most of his farm work alone with tho 
Low-Down wagon. Get our free catalogue. 
HAVANA METAL WHEEL CO., BOX 17 HAVANA, ILL. 
$ #% QC and you keep this 
” _ great GRANDER 
2 _ 
mm Yes, you keep the won¬ 
derful Harman Farm Tool Grinder— 
ten machines in one—for $2.95 and pay tho rest in tho 
easiest monthly payments. Send 
postcard for our free book,“Tho 
Farm Machine Shop," and full partic¬ 
ular* of Freo Trial Offer. L"iirn bow 
much ntoney. time and labor you will 
save; how yon can uharpun all kinds 
of tools if you own thin machine. 
Lenrn about tho wonderful Aluctrido 
grinding wheels. 
Free Trial 
freo trial; no money ilown. After tho 
free trial, keen the machine or eend it 
back, just an you choono. No obliga¬ 
tion to buy. Semi poatcanl today for 
our valuable free book. “Tlio Farm 
Machine Shop.” and details of our free 
trial — easy payment offer. Write a 
postal card today — NOW. 
W. S. HARMAN COMPANY 
Dept. 4296, 160 Harrison Street, Chicago. HI. 
STAND¬ 
ARD 
WELL AND PROSPECTING 
DRILLING MACHINERY 
43 years’ successful operation. 
Used lu nearly all pans of the 
world. Wo make a complete line 
of Drilling Machines and tools 
for every condition of earth 
and rack drilling and min¬ 
eral prospecting. Complete 
catalogue No. 120 showing over 
10 styles of machines free. 
THE AMERICAN WELL WORKS 
General Office and Works: 
Aurora, Ill. 
Chicago Office; First National Bank Building. 
— 99 %o % Pure- 
American Ingot Iron Roofing 
Guaranteed For 30 Years 
Without Painting 
The Only Guaranteed Metal Roofing ever put on the 
market. Samples free. Write for a free book showing 
remarkable tests. A way out of your roof troubles. 
THE AMERICAN IRON ROOFING C0„ Dept. 0. ELYRIA. OHIO 
PAYS FOR ITSELF EVERY THIRTY DAYS 
CUTS 
THE50IL 
Without a doubt Clark’s Double Action “Cutaway” Harrow with Jointed Dole 
is a most wonderful farm tool. It cuts tho soil twice, throwing it in opposite 
directions, tilling in the hollows, thus leveling the laud All Single Action 
Harrows have to he Driven in Half Lap. 
It Is drawn by two medium horses. It can bo sot 
to move the eartli but little, or at so great uu 
angle us to move the earth eight or nine inches. 
Buns trueln line ofdraft. A customer 
wrote recently that his ‘‘Cutaway” 
nays for Itself every thirty days in 
■ labor saved. 
Tho Jointed I’ole takes all weight off the horses’ necks, 
and keeps tlieir heels away from the disks. 
Wo make a “Cutaway” for every crop. Every need Is 
fully supplied by tho different styles of genuine “Cut¬ 
away” Tools. Tf your dealer won’t supply you, we will. 
Writous. "Intensive Cultivation,” our new booklet, 
Is freo. Send a postal to-day. 
CUTAWAY HARROW CO., 839 Main 
Street; 
lOO* CROPS 
HIGGANUM, 
CONN. 
