1911. 
THE RURAL NEW-YOKKEK 
866 
Pluralisms 
FRUIT FOR CENTRAL NEW JERSEY. 
Part I. 
A. M., Middlesex Co., N. J. — I am about 
to set out 100 apple and 300 peach trees; 
will you advise me what varieties to 
choose and when to plant them? We have a 
fertile, well-drained piece of land; soil is a 
deep gravel loam, and at time of writing is 
in corn. We have been thinking of plant¬ 
ing the apple trees 30 feet apart each way, 
and between the apple rows have peach 
trees, and another row of peaches be- 
tweeu two apple rows, making three peach 
trees to one of apple. This brings the trees 
15 feet apart each way. What do you 
think of this plan? Do you think the trees 
will be too close and that the peach trees 
will crowd the apple trees? 1 would, of 
course, discard that plan if you know of a 
better way of planting; please let me know. 
When would you advise planting trees. 
Spring or Fall? Also, give me the names 
of three good Fall varieties of apples that 
do well in our kind of soil and climate. 
Apples must be good market fruit and also 
good keepers. The tree agent advises plant¬ 
ing Stayman Winesap and Paragon for 
our soil; what do you think of these? As 
to peaches the agent advises to plant the 10 
following kinds, ripening in the order 
named: Mountain Iiose, Champion, Belle- 
of Georgia, Fitzgerald, Oldmixon, Elber- 
ta. Stump.. Reeves Favorite, Fox’s Seedling, 
Crawford Date. 
Ans. —A. M. wants a list of nine or 
more varieties of apples out of a possible 
100 trees, also a list of 10 varieties of 
peaches out of a possible 300 trees that 
he intends planting. He seems to have 
taken some advice from a tree agent, 
and this agent has advised him to plant 
Stayman and Paragon. The average 
tree agent is no more fitted to advise 
the planter about varieties of fruit to 
plant than he would be to advise on 
soils, fertilizers or culture of the trees 
after he had sold them. Most of the 
men who employ agents advertise con¬ 
stantly for such agents, and anyone 
reading such an advertisement as 
“Agent wanted to sell nursery stock, 
experience not necessary” must be very 
inexperienced to seek advice from such 
agents. The agent is supposed to learn 
his lesson well before he starts on the 
road, and that is to advise the planter 
to plant such varieties as his employer 
grows or buys for him to sell. The 
Stayman is a large, dark, dull red ap¬ 
ple of fair quality; the tree is a good 
grower and average early bearer. Mr. 
John H. Barclay, one of the best apple 
growers in New Jersey, whose orchard 
is in the southern part of Middlesex 
County, had this to say at the Winter 
meeting of the New Jersey Horticul¬ 
tural Society last December: 
“I may be mistaken, but from what I 
can see and learn I am quite disap¬ 
pointed in the appearance and value of 
the Stayman, which has been highly 
recommended to us for several years as 
a commercial apple. It certainly has 
some very objectionable qualities. Its 
general appearance is anything but at¬ 
tractive. It is inclined to drop early; 
it will crack long before it is ripe—it 
will wither in storage in the ordinary 
cellar. I fail to see that it commands 
any better price than some of our other 
varieties which do not have these 
faults.” My observations of .the Stay- 
man in different parts of New Jersey 
agree with Mr. Barclay’s conclusions. 
The Paragon is another Winesap 
seedling, is a dark dull red in color, 
more flat in shape than Stayman, and 
the tree is a coarser grower, is a late 
and very shy bearer; quality good, and 
one of the best keepers in an ordinary 
cool cellar. I would not recommend 
either Stayman or Paragon or Mam¬ 
moth Black Twig only for trial, unless 
they are known to do well in the local¬ 
ity where they are to be planted. 
One of the very best Fall apples that 
succeeds over a large territory is the 
McIntosh Red, an early Fall apple in 
New Jersey. It will keep well in cold 
storage, and retains its splendid quality 
and beautiful color long after removed 
from storage. No orchard would be 
complete without this excellent and 
profitable variety. The Gravenstein is a 
very fine apple, ripening in September, 
and when ripe it is a beautiful apple, 
yellow with light and dark red streaked 
and splashed over it, good size and 
splendid quality; one of our best fam¬ 
ily and market varieties. The one 
drawback to this splendid variety is the 
time it requires to come into bearing, 
seldom producing a paying crop short 
of 12 or 15 years of age, but once it 
reaches the bearing age it is a regular 
and profitable producer, always com¬ 
manding the highest price in any mar¬ 
ket. The Will iams Early Red is earlier 
than the two preceding varieties, but is 
one of the most beautiful and profitable 
market apples grown. This variety 
should always be grafted or budded on 
some strong-growing varieties like the 
Northern Spy, Northwestern Greening 
or Baldwin. On its own body it is a 
weak, puny grower. The Starr, a large 
green apple with red cheek when well 
grown, is a Summer and Fall variety 
that has proved a very profitable apple. 
It is one of the kinds that can be picked 
and marketed with satisfaction when 
but half grown and allow those left to 
grow on for another picking. When 
full grown it is a large apple and sells 
readily to bakers, being a tart cooking 
apple. This variety should also be 
worked on the strong-growing varieties 
named above. Wealthy is another good 
red Fall apple that succeeds well in this 
section, comes early into bearing and is 
a profitable market variety. Nyack 
Pippin, a large yellow apple, is a good 
apple in every way. Twenty Ounce 
Pippin is a large showy apple, striped 
and splashed with red, always finds a 
ready market at good prices on account 
of its size and fine color. Pewaukee, a 
large red apple ripening during Septem¬ 
ber or early October, is not so well 
known, but when well grown sells at a 
high price on account of size, color and 
time of ripening, which is just after the 
earier apples and most of the peaches 
are gone. Out of these above named 
varieties if confined to three only I 
would plant first McIntosh Red; sec¬ 
ond, Nyack Pippin; third, Twenty 
Ounce Pippin. 
In Winter varieties my first choice 
would be Rome Beauty. It is uniform in 
size, large and smooth, shaded and 
striped with bright red. It has not been 
planted as widely as it deserves to be, 
but is coming rapidly into favor in all 
apple-growing regions. In quality and 
market value Rome Beauty excels. It 
has an established reputation on all 
markets, and always brings good prices. 
My next choice would be White Ohio 
Pippin. This variety would have to be 
top-worked either by the planter or ar¬ 
ranging with some nurseryman to get 
grafts or buds and grow them, as few, 
if any, nurserymen grow it. This va¬ 
riety succeeds well on just such soil as 
A. M. says he has, but it must have 
high culture to bring it to perfection. 
It is then one of the best sellers on the 
market. A beautiful waxen whitish 
yellow, sometimes with a faint tinge of 
red on the side exposed to the sun, firm, 
crisp, tender and juicy, of the very best 
quality. Do not buy trees of this va¬ 
riety; have them grown for you. Jona¬ 
than is another variety that is being 
largely planted in New Jersey, where it 
seems to do well if sprayed and well 
cared for; of medium size, beautiful 
red color, and excellent quality. It 
sells readily to the hotel trade on ac¬ 
count of its medium size, beautiful color 
and fine quality. Nero is a splendid 
apple, medium size, yellow, almost cov¬ 
ered with a deep red, flesh yellow, firm 
and of good quality, a good keeper. 
Tree a strong but sprawling grower, 
comes early into bearing. As it grows 
older the tree is inclined to overload 
with fruit, and the fruit runs small. 
E. S. BLACK. 
(To he conlilined.) 
When you write advertisers mention The 
It. N.-Y. and you II get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
FOOD AGAIN 
A Mighty Important Subject to Everyone. 
A Boston lady talks entertainingly of 
food and the changes that can be made 
in health by some knowledge on that 
line. She says: 
“An injury to my spine in early 
womanhood left me subject to severe 
sick headaches which would last three 
or four days at a time, and a violent 
course of drugging brought on consti¬ 
pation with all the ills that follow. 
“My appetite was always light and 
uncertain and many kinds of food dis¬ 
tressed me. 
I began to eat Grape-Nuts food two 
or three years ago, because I liked the 
taste of it, and I kept on because I soon 
found it was doing me good. 
“I eat it regularly at breakfast, fre¬ 
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going to bed—and have no' trouble in 
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dition at the age of 63 than I was at 40. 
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DAILY 
OUTPUT 
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BBIS 
YEARLY 
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OVER 
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ALPHA 
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Spring Tooth Harrows $ 7.20 and up 
Land Rollers - 17.35 and up 
Grain Drills - - - 28.80 and up 
Lime Spreaders - - 23.90 and up 
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Manufacturers 
Distributing Company 
"Pittsburgh’s Mail Order House ” 
Dept. H PITTSBURGH, PA. 
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108 School Street Kent, Ohio 
New F acts on Hay Presses 
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7i 
FUMA 
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FREE 
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reader of this paper enough 
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