len. 
1071 
Dwarf Apples on Doucin Stocks. 
J. V. C., Bparkill, N. Y .—I am desirous 
of planting some dwarf apples for exhibition 
purposes at fairs; as I have only five acres 
and much already in use I can spare only 
one row about 200 feet long. Would dwarf 
apple trees on Doucin stocks be preferable 
to those on Paradise stocks? I understand 
they grow somewhat larger and produce 
enough fruit to make them of some value 
for fruit growing, but that those on Para¬ 
dise stocks are of little use, being too small. 
Ans. —Dwarf apple trees on Doucin 
stocks are the best that are grown, and 
preferable to those on Paradise stocks, 
because they grow more vigorously. For 
market purposes, as a business venture, 
I do not think there is much of profit 
from dwarf apple trees, compared with 
standard trees. But they are small and 
easy to spray and prune, and will serve 
the purposes desired very well, for a 
greater number of varieties can be 
grown on a given space of ground than 
on large trees, except by grafting sev¬ 
eral on one tree. H. E. van dejian. 
A Hillside in Sod. 
E. It. P., West Orange, N. J .—We have 
several acres of worn-out pasture on a hill¬ 
side with slope to the west which has 
neither been plowed, fertilized nor limed 
for several years. The top soil is medium 
clay, with very little humus, and about 
one foot deep, the undersoil is close and 
wet, and needs lime. What is the best 
thing to do at this late season to prepare 
this ground for use as part pasture and 
part orchard next year, and the proper time 
to apply lime and manure and fertilizers? 
Ans. —If the hill is steep so water 
rushes over it, we would not advise full 
plowing at this late season. It will wash 
and gulley badly. You might plow in 
ridges—leaving strips eight to 10 feet 
wide unplowed. These would hold back 
the water and prevent serious washing. 
In early September we should have 
plowd this field and seeded heavily to 
rye and turnips. This would have cov¬ 
ered the ground and given a good 
growth for plowing under in Spring. 
As it is we should let the hillside alone, 
though early Fall plowing would have 
helped in breaking up the old sod. In 
the Spring plow and lime. 
The Dug-Drilled Well. 
We often have questions from readers 
about the plan of drilling through the bot¬ 
tom of a dug well which has run dry. The 
U. S. Geological Survey condemns the 
practice as follows: 
“Almost any community in which wells 
have been drilled can boast of a number of 
combination dug and drilled wells. The 
owners congratulate themselves on their 
wisdom in utilizing an old dug well 15, 20, 
or 30 feet in depth, and drilling through 
the bottom of this to a good flow of deep 
water. The cost of drilling that 20 or 30 
feet has been saved, certainly an economy 
worth considering. As a matter of fact, 
this combined dug and drilled well is a 
particularly dangerous type. It may read¬ 
ily breed malarial fever or even typhoid 
fever, which is more prevalent in the coun¬ 
try than even in the overcrowded cities, in 
spite of the supposed pure water supply of 
nearly all farming sections. Such a well 
is all the more dangerous because it is 
fancied to be safe. Although the water 
encountered by the deep well may be per¬ 
fectly pure at the stdrt, contamination may 
take place almost immediately by the en¬ 
trance, especially after rains, of seepage 
water into the open well and thence into 
the casing of the drilled well. The reme¬ 
dies are obvious. Either the casing should 
be carried to the surface of the outside 
ground, or at least above the highest level 
ever reached by the water, or the open well 
should be converted into a water-tight sys¬ 
tem by applying a thick coating of cement 
over both sides and bottom.” 
Violations of Pure Food and Drugs Act. 
A study of the various “notices of judg¬ 
ment” sent out under serial numbers by the 
U. S. Department of Agriculture is very in¬ 
teresting in showing the various risks en¬ 
countered by the ultimate consumer. These 
risks begin very early in life, for we find 
Notice No. 10G8 refers to “Kopp’s Baby’s 
Friend.” This is supposed to relieve the 
various internal afflictions against which 
the baby so loudly protests, but the Depart¬ 
ment. after analysis, says that the combina¬ 
tion of ingredients of which the analysis 
shows the product to consist does not pos¬ 
sess therapeutic properties adequate to ob¬ 
tain the results claimed for it, and the 
statements and claims are, therefore, false 
and misleading, so the baby’s friend was 
fined $15 and costs. 
The innocent tomato seems to get into 
very bad company commercially. It is 
painful to learn that “Everybody’s Catsup” 
contained 150,000,000 bacteria per cubic 
centimeter, which sounds entirely too pop¬ 
ulous for the comfort of the' consumer, 
while some stewed and strained tomatoes 
put up by the same firm contained 20,000,- 
000 bacteria per cubic centimeter. The 
Department says these products consisted 
Id part of a filthy decomposed and putrid 
vegetable substance, and the defendant cor¬ 
poration had to pay $200 and costs. 
Notices numbered 1055, 1072, 1075, 1085 
ahd 10S6 relates to different tomato catsups, 
which were obviously made from moldy or 
decayed tomatoes; any of these foods con¬ 
taining filthy or decayed products are sub¬ 
ject to prosecution. One of these carried 
185,000.000 bacteria to the cubic centi¬ 
meter. One catsup delusively entitled “home 
made” was not made from decayed mate¬ 
rial, but was also watered, and the maker 
was fined $10. Tomato pulp and tomato 
paste were found to be decayed, while a 
“compound catsup” was not only described 
as consisting in part of a filthy vegetable 
substance, but it was largely made from 
some fruit not tomato, and was sweetened 
THE RURAL 
with saccharin. It is cheering to learn 
that the defendant had to pay a fine of 
$200 for vending it. 
Tamarind syrup made of artificial syrup 
colored with burnt sugar caused a fine of 
$25. Some suspicious currant preserves 
consisted of “10% sugar. 22% red cur¬ 
rants, 31% apple juice, 36% glucose, 1% 
phosphoric acid.” This does not sound 
much like the currant preserves “mother 
used to make,” but as the label admitted 
that it was a compound it would have 
passed the law had not the maker carelessly 
used 70.06 per cent glucose when the label 
said 36 per. cent, so he was fined $10. 
It is sad to learn of mincemeat seasoned 
with salicylic acid, which caused a fine of 
$25, but one may avoid that by making the 
mincemeat right on the farm. Cider vine¬ 
gar innocent of apples, ice cream cones pre¬ 
served with boracic acid, and vanilla ex¬ 
tract made of coumarin and caramel, also 
fell under suspicion. 
Among drug products the Department was 
not sustained in its allegation that antl- 
kamnia tablets which contained acetphene- 
tidin. should not bear the statement that 
they contain no acetanilid, since aoot- 
phenetidin is a derivative of acetanilid ; this 
case, however, is to go to the Supremo 
Court. It would appear that those tablets 
ore not misbranded, technically speaking, 
and yet to the uninstructed person they 
imply a falsehood, since the danger of 
acetanilid has been so freely exploited, 
whereas acetphenetidin is merely a long 
name, conveying no clear idea to the •un¬ 
scientific. “Dr. Tucker’s Specific for 
Asthma” was found to be misbranded be¬ 
cause it was not a specific, and also con¬ 
tained cocaine; “Dr. Kline’s Great Nerve 
Restorer” gives evidence of nerve on the 
part of the maker, as the Department found 
it did not possess the therapeutic quali¬ 
ties claimed, and was therefore misbranded 
‘Dr. Peeble’s Brain Restorative for Epil¬ 
epsy and “Dr. Peeble’s Nerve-Tonic” came 
in for condemnation; they both appeal to 
h particularly helpless Class of sufferers. 
The Department says they are misbranded 
because “the statements contained in the 
labels on the two bottles and the pamphlet 
in which said bottles were wrapped and 
packed are false and misleading, because 
they convey the impression that the drugs 
in question possess therapeutic properties 
of high value in the treatment of epilepsy 
and diseases of the brain and nervous sys¬ 
tem, when, in truth and in fact, the agents 
of which the said drugs are composed have 
long been known in the medical profession 
and no reliable authority claims that, taken 
singly or together, they can be relied on 
for the cure of epilepsy or kindred diseases, 
the fact being generally recognized among 
the highest medical authorities that there 
Is no substance or mixture known at the 
present time which can be relied upon for 
this purpose, any beneficial effect which 
the treatment in question might have being 
temporary and palliative only.” Another 
epilepsy nostrum, “Dr. Lindley’s Epilepsy 
Remedy,” caused its sponsor to be fined 
$200, because the label was false and mis¬ 
leading, while “Dr. Detclion’s Relief for 
Rheumatism” was also improperly labeled, 
and resulted in a similar fine. All this 
work will, in future, be under the control of 
Dr. II. TV. Wiley, who is well known as an 
uncompromising foe to food and drug frauds. 
Buffalo Overcoats for Sale. 
The War Department of the United States 
recently announced that it would offer for 
sale a limited number of buffalo overcoats. 
These garments, which are now becoming 
costly and uncommon, are admirable for 
drivers or automobilists in cold weather, 
and many farmers would be glad to secure 
one. It appears that the War Department 
has in stock at Omaha, Neb., about 4.200 
o? these coats, which will be sold singly 
or in small lots at various army depots. 
The first lot of 10 coats was on sale at the 
Army Building, 39 Whitehall St., New York 
City. October 16. Purchasers were required 
to send in sealed bids by circular letters 
sent out 10 days before. Sales were made 
to highest bidders whose bids exceeded $25 
per coat, preference being given to individ¬ 
ual bidders. Bids must be accompanied by 
certified check or cash, amounting to 25 
per cent of the value of the bid. If bids 
arc for a particular size and no other, this 
must be stated in bid. The successful bid¬ 
der must be prepared to pay for bis coat, 
and remove it, within three days after 
being notified of award. If it is found that 
the preliminary sales are satisfactory, more 
lots will be offered. Information and cir¬ 
cular letters concerning these sales may be 
secured by addressing Depot Quartermaster, 
Army Building, New York. 
PRESIDENT 
50W®ifi2fll«llE[tWlK SHUTS’ 
“A little more than you pay for”— 
that’s why President Work Shirts are so popular 
«Sl'oo e fnr^ 0 Hc Pay .12 C o f0r J he “Regular” o 
v 1.00 for the Special President you get mort 
If'A . *I1 0 W re al comfort, more real satis 
faction than it Is possible to get in any othe 
work shirt. This is not an “idle boast,” it i 
President truth from President wearers. Seethe 
the garments will prove it! 4 
At your dealer’s; if not, send us his name, youi 
f " sam,, ' e shlr 
The President Shirt Co. 
12 W. Fayette St. Baltimore, Md 
NEW-YORKER 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
Busy asphalt-diggers in Trinidad Lake 
Natural asphalt is the 
life of 
Genasco 
the Trinidad-Lake-Asphalt Roofing 
And natural oils are the 
life of Trinidad Lake 
asphalt. They do not 
evaporate when exposed 
to sun and air like the oils 
of coal-tar and other resid¬ 
ual pitch roofings. This 
is why Genasco does not 
crack and leak and go to 
pieces. It stays lastingly 
waterproof. 
Mineral or smooth sur¬ 
face. Fully guaranteed. 
The Kant-Ieak Kleet waterproofs the 
seams of roofing without dauby cement 
and prevents nail-leaks. 
Ask your dealer for Genasco with 
Kant-leak Kleets packed in the roll. 
The Barber Asphalt 
Paving Company 
Ltlnett producer! of ntphalt, ami Urgent 
manufacturer* of ready roofing in tho world. 
Philadelphia 
New York San Francisco Chicago 
Cross-section Genasco Stone-surface Rnnfino 
Gravel 8 
rrinitiad Lake Asphalt 
~ I Asphalt-saturated Wool Felt 
Trinidad Lake Asphalt 
— ~-=••=■•=• -==3 Aspl alt-saturated Wool Felt 
Bigger Profits 
With This Power 
More work at less expense and less repair' 
cost than with any other engine made. Let us' _ 
provelt. Write for Free Leffel Book. Youarenot’ 
prepared to buy until you get our proposition. 
Leffel — 
Steam 
Eng 
mes 
are tho simplest, 
most durable, and 
economical p o w o r 
outfits made. Lartjo 
variety of uses. No 
breakdowns, no de^ 
lays. Don’t decide 
on any outfit until 
you get tho LEFFEL 
FREE BOOK. 
Address 
James Leffel & Co. 
Box26i Springfield, 
MIDDLEDITCH Keroscne 
ENGINES 
Operate perfectly on common 
coal oil, gasoline, distillate, 
alcohol or any similar liquid 
fuel. Our catalog explains 
why this is safest, simplest, 
most economical and prac¬ 
tical power. 
Genuine Free Trial 
If it doesn’t satisfy you in 
every way the trial costs 
nothing. Don’t invest in any 
engine until you get our 
proposition. Write for it now. 
THE MIDDLEDITCH ENGINE CO. 
29 Meldrum Ave., Detroit, Mich. 
And Yon 
Keep This 
Great 'Engine 
We will ship you Schmidt’s Chuied Cylinder 
Gasoline Engine on your simple request with¬ 
out an order or any promise from you. You use 
the engine 10 whole days—use it all you want. 
Then if you don t want it send it back at our 
expense. If you do wish to keep it, pay us 
only $7.50 and you can pay the rest fn 
the easiest monthly payments. 
We send you the engine free, to prove to you that it 
is the greatest air cooled 3 horse power engine on earth. 
We want you to see for yourself that it is better than any 
other engine that costs twice and three times as much — 
the only engine that has the powerful chilled cylinder 
Ten DaysTrial FREE 
This is the first genuine free trial ever offered on gasoline 
engines for farm and shop use. We want you to see that 
women and children can run this engine. Use the engine 
to run the pumps and any other machinery you may have. 
Schmidt s Chilled Cylinder Gasoline Engine Is absolutely 
guaranteed for five years in every piece and part. 
The biggest bank in Iowa backs our Sl.OOOchallangeoffer. 
Send For FREE Catalogs 
Write to us promptly for particulars and we will send you 
a copy of our new book, “How to Use Power.” free 
and postpaid* Write to us today. 
Schmidt Bros- Co. Engine Works 
department 4298 davenport, iowa 
Power at Low Cost 
Kerosene as Fuel 
H ERE is Power for you that can always bo relied 
upon. The Colton Modern Kerosene Engino is 
the most economical, simplest and most reliable 
Farm Power Plant yet invented. Its many new im¬ 
proved patented features are most valuable and are 
not found on any other engine. Power is constant, 
speed regulated without stopping engine—adjusts 
itself instantly to any overload—no cranking to 
8tart it. 
Let this wonderful engine demonstrate its unusual 
value to you. Connect it. to your water system, 
lighting system, pumps or any other machinery. If 
it doesn t prove a great money and labor saver, 
return it and get your money back. 
The Colton operates perfectly on kerosene, tho 
most economical and satisfactory fuel. Kerosene can 
be purchased anywhere at about half the cost of gaso- 
line, is much safer to handle and gives more power, 
gallon for gallon, than gasoline. Gasoline, alcohol, 
distillate, and other fuel oils may also be used. 
POSITIVE, UNCONDITIONAL GUARANTY 
Every Colton is sold under a positive, unqualified 
guarantee to give satifactory service or money re¬ 
funded. Our company has been established 27 years. 
You need an engine on your farm—so investigate 
the Colton—the latest 
ic novel /Ml _ development in en- 
10 UdjfS gino building. 
FREE Trial IS* Get ** 011 trial and 
compare its simple, 
compact construction, 
superior quality ma¬ 
terials and high grade 
workmanship. You 
will see it operate with 
less attention and fur¬ 
nishes more power per 
rating than any en¬ 
gine you ever saw. 
Send for free engine 
book at once. 
Arthur Colton Co. 
701 Brush Street 
DETROIT . . MICH. 
Lauson “Frost King” 
Awarded Gold Medals 
At the Royal Agricultural Show, Norway, 
1907 and 1910 , Lauson Frost Kings were given 
highest award Gold Medal for simplicity, fine 
finish, easy starting and over 25 iS less fuel 
consumption than any other American engine. 
Lauson “Frost Kings” are used in Mexico, 
South America, Australia and Sunny Italy, with 
the same satisfaction as in Northern Canada. 
Guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction or 
money refunded. They develop more than 
rated horse power; _re balanced to stand with¬ 
out blocking or bracing; perfectly cooled with 
little water. Write for catalog. State size 
engine wanted and your dealer’s name. 
THE JOHN LAUSON 
MFC. CO. 
218 N.W. St., 
New Holitein, 
Wi*. 
-99 %, % Pure- 
American Ingot Iron Roofing 
Guaranteed For 30 Years 
Without Painting 
The Only Guaranteed Metal Roofing ever put on the 
market. Samples free. Write for a free book showing 
remarkable tests. A way out of your roof troubles. 
THE AMERICAN IRON ROOFING C0„ Dent. 0, ELYRIA, OHIO 
ACTUAL CONVINCING PROOF 
A big saving in oil and gasoline because all parts 
enclosed—dirt kept out, can’t scratch cylinder. 
Ta iM&W'WS V a\h cooled gives proof 
Gentlemen :—My Rki H. P. "NE W WA Y” : is a wonder. I cut 65 cords 
of 18-inch hard maple in 20 hours with a 5-foot drag saw. Kept 5 men 
busy handling it. M. C. Cross, Route No. 4, Cincinnatus, N. Y. 
WRITE US NOW FOR OUR NEW ENGINE CATALOG NO. 5 
140 SHERIDAN ST. 
