1072 
USING FISH AS FERTILIZER. 
J. M. K., Salerno, Fla. —Have readers of 
TnE R. N.-Y. had any experience in making 
fertilizer out of fish? I am living near a 
fish house that carries off quite a quantity 
of fish every day and dumps it in the 
river. I could get this fish at a low figure 
if I could fix it up in Such a way as to 
be able to keep it for a while. Could I get 
a machine to grind up the fish and then 
by placing a layer of fish in a cement pit 
or something of the kind, be able to dry it 
by spreading something over each layer, 
preserving it and making it easy to handle? 
Ans. —Many farmers along the coast 
handle Fish waste as fertilizer. Some 
haul and spread at once, plowing under 
as soon as possible. This plowing is nec¬ 
essary, for if left to decay the fish gives 
off a terrible odor. Others compost the 
fish with manure, muck, black soil or 
sods, and let it decay in this compost. 
Others use land plaster as a drier, 
sprinkling it freely over the fish before 
putting it in compost. This land plaster 
dries the fish rapidly and prevents the 
loss of some ammonia. It would not pay 
to buy a machine to grind the fish. We 
should make a cement pit near where the 
fish catch is made, put it in this pit and 
sprinkle freely with land plaster. At 
intervals clean out the fish and compost 
it with manure or rich soil for three 
months before using on the land. The 
raw fish is quite likely to sour the land. 
SERUM TREATMENT FOR IIOG CHOLERA 
What is the serum treatment for hog 
cholera? How is it applied? What is the 
effect on the hog? Where can it be ob¬ 
tained? G. w. H. 
Massachusetts. 
Hog cholera serum is blood from hogs 
that are naturally or otherwise immune 
to cholera, and which have been inocu¬ 
lated with cholera virus, a treatment 
that renders the hogs so treated doubly 
immune, “hyper-immune” it is called. In 
short the cholera serum is produced as 
follows: A number of healthy hogs are 
injected with blood from sick hogs, and 
at the same time with serum from 
hyper-immune hogs. After a week or 
ten days the treated hogs are ready to 
supply the cholera antitoxin or serum, 
when a section of the tail is cut off and 
a portion of blood secured. The fibrin 
is removed from this blood, leaving the 
red blood corpuscles and the serum. 
This serum is preserved in glass bottles, 
a small proportion of carbolic acid being 
used as a preservative. This serum 
contains no disease-producing bacilli, and 
when injected under the skin of the hogs 
to be treated renders them immune to 
disease for a period of at least three 
weeks. Lifetime immunity may be se¬ 
cured by simultaneously injecting with 
serum and with disease-producing blood 
from a sick hog, but such treatment is 
not desirable for general use, and only 
in case of valuable animals, or when 
there is imminent danger of another out¬ 
break of disease. When the serum is 
used alone there is no effect produced on 
the treated hogs, but the double treat¬ 
ment causes sickness for a short period. 
Any veterinarian can treat hogs with 
this serum, and so could the farmer 
himself if he would use care in applying 
the treatment. 
Hog cholera serum is rather expensive 
at present and is only produced by 
State-owned laboratories. It is fur¬ 
nished at cost to residents of the State, 
but the supply is far short of the de¬ 
mand, and it is only supplied to farms 
where cholera actually exists. Veter¬ 
inarians in State employ have applied 
the treatment where needed, and the 
farmer whose hogs are treated pays 
this man a fixed charge per animal, or 
for each 100 pounds of hogs treated, 
these charges defraying the cost of pro¬ 
ducing the serum; the salary and ex¬ 
penses of the veterinarian are paid by 
the State. This treatment has been 
patented with a provision that anyone 
can produce the serum without paying 
royalty to the patentee, which will pre- 
THE RUR-A-X, NEW-YORKER 
vent any manufacturing chemist mon¬ 
opolizing serum production. For this 
reason it is not likely that any chemist 
will undertake the commercial produc¬ 
tion of cholera serum. It now seems 
that each State must produce its own 
serum, and in 1910 the following States 
were making serum: Ohio, Indiana, 
Illinois, Missouri, Oklahoma, Kansas, 
Nebraska, Iowa, the Dakotas, Minnesota, 
Michigan, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Mis¬ 
sissippi, New York and Texas. Most 
antitoxins and serums may be produced 
from artificial cultures, or from animals 
other chan those that are to be immunized. 
Not so with cholera serum, for no ani¬ 
mal is susceptible to hog cholera except¬ 
ing the hog, and the bacillus-producing 
hog cholera has not yet been identified 
because of its small size, being beyond 
the power of the most powerful micro¬ 
scopes. Diphtheria antitoxin is produced 
by horses, smallpox vaccine by calves, 
but the hog must create his own im¬ 
munity. 
In 1910 the Ohio Legislature appro¬ 
priated $25,000 to purchase and improve 
a serum-producing farm. A farm of 100 
acres, 12 miles each of Columbus, was 
secured, and this year $60,000 was pro¬ 
vided to equip this farm with suitable 
buildings. Recently the Ohio Depart¬ 
ment of Agriculture has announced that 
hereafter serum will be supplied to those 
who need it and local veterinarians may 
be employed to apply it, but the cost of 
the serum was not stated. It was found 
that so many men in State employ 
were needed to apply the serum treat¬ 
ment that the plan was abandoned as 
impractical, and the work turned over 
to local men or to any person qualified 
for veterinary practice. 
In case one’s own State is not pro¬ 
ducing serum, in an emergency, a sup¬ 
ply might be secured from another 
State, but it is useless to apply to the 
U. S. Department of Agriculture. Hog 
cholera investigations began in the 
United States in 1878, but it was not 
until 1903 that it was announced that 
a satisfactory treatment was found for 
the disease in the form of serum treat¬ 
ment or inoculation. Dr. Dorset, of the 
Bureau of Animal Husbandry, U. S. 
Department of Agriculture, has the 
honor of bringing this treatment to its 
present stage of success, though several 
other men deserve credit for a lot of 
pioneer work performed in the past 30 
years. I wish to point out that the 
serum is not a cure for cholera, but a 
highly efficient preventive. If the hog is 
exposed to the disease at the tinie of 
inoculation he will not take the disease, 
but as is mentioned above, he will be 
rendered doubly immune; but the_great 
value of the serum treatment lies in the 
protection it affords the well hogs of a 
herd and in its preventing the disease 
spreading. All dead hogs should be 
buried deeply, or better, burned. It is 
useless to inoculate a sick hog, but lie 
should be separated from the others and 
confined in a place capable of thorough 
disinfecting. Hog cholera seems highly 
contagious, so no risks should be taken 
by letting men, dogs, hogs or birds go 
freely from farm to farm without mak¬ 
ing use of sanitary precautions to pre¬ 
vent the spread of the disease. 
Ohio. W. E. DUCKWALL. 
COMING FARMERS’ MEETINGS. 
National Dairy Show, Chicago, Ill., Oc¬ 
tober 26-Novembcr 4. 
National Creamery Butter Makers Asso¬ 
ciation, Chicago, November 1-3. 
Indiana Apple Show, Indianapolis, No¬ 
vember 6-11. _ 
Maine Corn and Fruit Show, Portland, 
November 6-11. „ . - 
Massachusetts Corn Show, Springfield, 
Mass., November 7-9. 
Farm Institute Workers Convention, 
Columbus, O,, November 13-15. 
American Road Congress, Richmond, Va., 
November 20-23. 
National Grange, Columbus, O., Novem¬ 
ber 15-24. _ . 
Maine Seed Improvement Association, 
Waterville, November 21-23. 
National Apple Show, Spokane, Wash., 
November 27-30. 
Federation of Agricultural Associations, 
Keyser, W. Va., November 27-December 1. 
National Irrigation Congress—Chicago, 
Dec. 5-9. 
N. Y. State Dairymen’s Ass’n, Olean, 
December 12-13. 
-Maine Live Stock Breeders’ Association, 
Orono, December 14-15. 
Illinois State Horticultural Society, De¬ 
cember 11-16. 
National Mid-Winter Sheep Show— 
Omaha, Neb., Dec. 13-16. 
Conventions, Pennsylvania Live Stock and 
Horticultural Associations, Duquesne Gar¬ 
den, Pittsburgh, January 15-20. 
Livingston County, N. Y., Poultry Show, 
January 16-19, 1912. 
N. J. State Board of Agriculture, Janu¬ 
ary 17-19. 
N. Y. State Grange, Auburn, N. Y., Feb¬ 
ruary 6-9. 
HARLEY DAVIDSON 
MOTORCYCLES 
T HOUSANDS of men to-day ride Har- 
ley-Davidson Motorcycles, and go 
where they want to In one-flfth 
the time a horse would take—at a cost 
of one-tenth contpermlle. They're built 
for comfort and service; run easily, 
smoothly and quietly. 
Write for ourattractive booklet, 
“The Harley-Davldson on the Farm”. 
Harley-Davidson 218 A St., 
Motor Co., Milwaukee, 
Wis. 
iYgonts! Big Profits 
Makes Kvery 
Man An Expert 
No f.x perienc© 
Necessary 
Gnaranteed 
For Life 
New patented Automatic Razor 
8tropper. Automatically pnta a 
perfect ©<lg© on any razor. OLD style or 
eafety. Big eetler. Kvery man wants 
one. Writ© quick for terms, prices and 
territory. 
C. O. BRANDT CUTLERY CO., 84 W. Broadway, N. Y. 
ReduceThat Feed Bill 
Increase your milk supply at the 
same time by feeding Dried Brewers 
Grains and Malt Sprouts. Send for 
our valuable descriptive booklet on 
Points for Stock Feed«rs. 
Farmers Feed Co., 
76 th St., East River, New York City 
Standard Voforlnory Remedy 
In Use 21 Year* 
Trade Mark 
Registered 
HEAVES CURED 
klQA/TfHl’Q DCUCnV I" Death to Heavoa. 
nCYTIUN 0 nCIVlLUl coughs. Distempers. 
Safe, positive cure that is Guaranteed for 
Heaves. It gets at the root of the trouble. A 
scientific remedy for Indigestion, which is the real 
cause of heaves. Heaves affect the lungs only 
indirectly. Newton’s Remedy drives out Intoe* 
final worms and is an excellent stomach and 
bowel conditioner. Book explains fully, free. $1 
per can, at dealers’, or sent direct, prepaid. 
THE NEWTON REMEDY CO., Toledo, Ohio 
Will reduce inilamed, strained, 
swollen Tendons, Ligaments, 
Muscles or Bruises, Cure the 
Lameness and stop pain from a 
Splint, Side Bone or Bone Spavin. 
No blister, no hair gone. Horse can be 
used. $2 a bottle deliverod. Describe 
fore After your case for special instructions and 
Book !J E free. 
ABSORBINE, JK., the liniment for mankind. 
Reduces strained, torn ligaments, enlarged glands, 
veins or muscles—heals ulcers—allays pain. Price 
|1.00 a bottle at dealers or delivered. 
W.F.YOUNG, P.D.F., 88 Temple St., Springfield, Mass, 
F armers’ F avorite 
Feed Cookers and Agricultural Boilers 
often add 25% to the flow of milk during 
winter months. Burn any fuel. Capaci¬ 
ties range from 25 gal. to 100 gal. 
Guaranteed satisfactory or your money 
back. IVritc for Catalog with Price-List. 
Lewis Mfg. Co., Box C Cortland, N.Y. 
it 
j T H PAINT, 60c.gal. In 2 and 5-gal. cans. 
roofs and out- 
Tappan, N. Y. 
Cl IMTOflATH PAINT, 60c.gal. In 2 a 
rUm bUAi Splendid forfeit: 
buildings. INDUSTRIAL HOME, 
November 4 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
TRAPPIIN6 PAYS BIG 
if you know the inside secrets of the 
business. Fur News Magazine, pub¬ 
lished monthly, $1 a year, tells all about 
FARM BOOK FREE 
Just issued by Vermont’s Publicity Bureau, 
Homeseekers 1 Guide to 
Vermont 
Farms 
a book of general information about the 
State’s Agricultural resources. Also contains 
largo list of desirable farms for sale. 
Send for it today. It is Free. 
GUY W. BAILEY, Seo’y of State 
Publicity Department. Essex Junction. Vermont 
L From the Peanut Fields of Virginia 
1 To the Orange Groves ot Florida 
}Thm the 6 Sou. States traversed by 
I the S. A. L. Ry. You can be independent' 
' raising fruits and vegetables. Land cheap, easy terms. 
Ideal climate, plenty of water. 2 to 3 crops a year, net 
$500 to $1000 per acre in Manatee County,^* 
on the West Coast of Florida. Booklet fet?- 
free. J. A. Pride, Gen. Ind. AgL 
Seaboard Air Line Railway, 
Suite 606 Norfolk, Va. 
SELL GOOD FARMS in Oceana, greatest fruit Co. 
in U.S.; also grain, poiatoes, alfalfa, dairying. 
Write for list, etc. HANSON & SON, llart, Mich. 
w E , 
FOR 9AI E— Farm of 397 acres; half mile from 
run OHLL village, railroad, creamery, church, 
store, school; two miles large village. 16-room 
house, furnace, bath, hot and cold water. Overshot 
barn, 62x62 ; 38headof stock, team, hay,machinery, 
farming tools. Price for all, $15,000. OGDENS’ 
AGENCY, Walton, Delaware County, N. Y. 
FOR Q AI C— 800-ACRE FARM; main street’ 
IUa OHLL Providence to Boston: trolley passes 
door. Two full sets good buildings; good land, 
well watered and wooded. Best markets; milk, 6c. 
wholesale; eggs, 50c doz. American neighbors. 
Five minutes’ walk to stores, post office, high 
school, etc. Electric light, city water, gas and tole- 
plionocan be had. Will be sold forcostofbnildings; 
ill health cause of sale. Easy terms. M.H. ELLS¬ 
WORTH, Owner, Plainville, Mass. 
FOR QAl F- If y° u want the best farms for the 
lUU OHLL, nioney, send for our largo free catalog. 
HALL’S FARM AGENCY, Owego, Tioga Co., N.Y. 
RAW FURS 
G. I. FOX. 142 
W. 26th Street, 
N.Y. A square 
deal, liberal as¬ 
sortment, top 
prices. Write 
for price list. 
The Trappers World 
Devoted to Hunting, Trapping. Contains from 
100 to 2uii pages of intensely interesting reading, 
contributed by real, red-blooded sportsmen in their 
own language. J ust the magazine that every bun. 
ler, trapper, angler, and In fact everybody wants 
One year, $1.00; one copy, 10c. Coin—no stamps' 
Address TRAPPERS WORLD, 7 Ryn Street, Ssbula, Iowa 
9 mm a vmmm m gjmmb m mmmm m mm • 
I Raw Furs Wanted I 
Fur News Pub. Cu., 46 W. 24th St., New Yurk, Room 620. 
Skunk, Mink, Raccoon, Opossum, Fox, Muskrat and 
other furs are bringing high prices in New York, the 
best market for you to ship to. Do you want to know 
“ How to Got More Money for Your Raw Furs?" 
Write for " Monio’s Hunter .and Trapper" and price 
list—it’s free. Highest commercial references, 
F. N. MON JO, 154 W. 25th St., N.Y. 
■iaoiiaaanoaai«H 
I 
I 
Make moro money out of 
Raw Furs by getting full 
value yourseif and save 
middleman's profits. 
Now York is best market 
and wo pay highest prices 
for hides of Skunks, 
Minks, Ooons, etc. Out 
out the commission house humbug and ship to us di¬ 
rect. We stand express. More than 30 years in business. 
— nn-ri rn nn Write for price listand references. 
BELT, BUTLER CD., Exporters, 4 East 12th Sheet. NewYork 
Cash for 
Raw Furs 
SKUNK 
M. J. Jewett & Sons, 
We buy Skunk. MinkAIusk- 
rat and all other raw furs at 
highest market prices, and 
give liberal assortments and 
“A square deal” to everyone. 
_ I’rice-Iist free. 
Redwood, N, Y„ Dept. 29 
FUR SHIFTERS! 
What’s the use of guessing at the value of 
your furs during the season of 1911-1912 
when all that’s required to find out their 
real value is to hook on one of my 
LITTLE RED TAGS and say HOLD SEPARATE 
Bend me your name and address NOW so 
you will l>e sure to get reliable information 
when the season opens and get it often. 
21 E. 16th Street 
NEW YORK 
JAS. P. ELLIS 
LET US TAN 
YOUR HIDE. 
Cattle or Horse hide, Calf, Dog, Deer, 
or any kind of skin witli hair or fur on. 
We make them soft, light, odorless, 
wind, moth and water proof, and make 
them into coats (for men or women), 
robes, rugs or gloves when so ordered. 
Your fur goods will cost you less than 
to buy them, anil be worth more. Send 
three or more cow or horse hides in one 
shipment from anywhere east of Den¬ 
ver and wc pay the freight both ways. 
Get our illustrated catalog which 
gives prices of tanning, taxidermy and 
head mounting. Also prices of fur 
goods, and big mounted game heads 
we sell. 
The Crosby Frisian Fur Company, 
571 Lyell Ave., Rochester. N. Y. 
raouviMMwm 
pi^nn PER ACRE 4 UP-EASY PAYMENTS - 
pT> 1 ■ V V Productive soil, mild climate, fine water, good roads. 
I close markets, unsurpassed school and social advantages. 
“ Now, while UOU think of it, write for the latest issue of “ THE 
SOUTHERN HOMESEEKER,” other literature and low excursion rates. 
Address V. 11. LaBACBE, Agr’l Agt., Norfolk A Weatern By., Box >040 Boanoke, Va. 
■YEARLY RAINEALL.45 INCHES 
