1104 
RURAL NKW-YORKER 
November 11 
The Henyard. 
History of Leghorn Pullets. 
On page 378 of this year’s R. N.-Y. Mr. 
Don E. Smith of Pennsylvania gave the 
record of 87 White Leghorn pullets. They 
laid 16,072 eggs in the year, which, count¬ 
ing deaths, meant an average of 201 eggs 
per hen. Shortly after this publication the 
following questions came. Mr. Smith an¬ 
swered them. 
“Will you have Mr. Don E. Smith tell 
how lie handled and fed those 87 pullets 
from shell until maturity, giving a minute 
detailed description stating kinds and quan¬ 
tity of feed and how fed; in fact all the 
little as well as the larger items?” 
E. w. P. 
I find from my record of 1000 that the 
incubator was set March 15. which would 
bring the hatch about April 4 instead of 
14. as stated in the article before men¬ 
tioned. These chicks (about 200) were 
placed as soon as the hatch was completed, 
in three brooders of my own construction, 
and were given nothing for one day except 
coarse, clean sand, crushed egg shells, char¬ 
coal. and oyster shell. This was mixed and 
scattered plentifully in one corner of the 
brooder. They had water from the first in 
inverted tin-can fountains. 
As to the brooders, they are heated by 
a drum over the back of the chicks, and 
have forced ventilation of warm, fresh air 
under the hover, so long as the lamp is 
burning. Hovers are one foot wide, and 
extend across the brooder near the back 
end. Spaces on each side of hover are 
covered with burlap frames. We keep tem¬ 
perature at about 103 degrees at first. This 
is under the hover. Thicks can move out 
if they get too warm. There is no hot 
corner for them to pack into and sweat. 
We aim to give plenty of heat under the 
hover and have good results, but chicks 
can always poke their heads out into a 
temperature nearly normal, just as they 
can with the mother. Thus they were 
brooded. They occupied four brooders after 
two weeks. The brooders were placed in 
open-front scratch pens, and the chicks 
were down on the floor in a week, where the 
feed boxes and drinking fountains were 
then placed. We threw in a small load of 
sand for the floor, and did not make* any 
further provision for grit. Charcoal and 
shells were within reach nearly all the 
time. On the second day, they were fed the 
following mixture : Rran two parts by meas¬ 
ure ; meal, two parts : brown middlings, one 
part; Alfalfa meal, one part. To this was 
added about two tablespoonfuls of sifted 
beef scrap and a small quantity of rolled 
oats, and the whole was moistened with 
buttermilk just barely enough so it could 
be pressed into a ball. It was then placed 
in the oven long enough to insure a good 
boiling heat for every particle. Excepting 
sour milk and buttermilk, we never feed 
chicks anything until it has undergone a 
scalding to kill any ferments. After they 
are older they can stand a certain amount 
of sour or moldy food perhaps, but with 
little chicks we take no chances. They re¬ 
ceive all they want of this food from the 
first. For six weeks wo feed this feed with 
what curd and buttermilk we can afford. 
When chicks were about two weeks old. 
my little boys sometimes gave them angle- 
worms. following me in my plowing until 
they had a “whole lot” of them in a can. 
It was great fun to see those white little 
Innocents transferred into a bloodthirsty 
mob at sight of a wriggling mass of worms. 
Fortunately we could not view the game 
from the standpoint of the worms. The 
chicks began to run out at about this time. 
On May 18 we separated the cockerels, plac¬ 
ing them in a scratch-pen, and feeding them 
the above feed. Wo increased the meal to 
four parts. On .Tune 7 we sold them at 
1% pounds. After separating, the pullets 
were fed on grains; cracked corn, wheat, 
and buckwheat. We had to buy all grain 
and sometimes could not obtain what we 
wanted ; so the proportions varied. The 
pullets had the run of the garden and fields 
but were never hungry. On about August 
25. the first egg was laid. 
After placing in Winter quarters (about 
October 1) they were fed in deep straw 
litter, about one handful for every two 
hens of wheat, oats, and buckwheat, equal 
parts, in the morning and about one hand¬ 
ful per head at night. They sometimes got 
a little corn. The straw in scratch pens 
was a foot deep or more when new. The 
hens soon work it up fine, and then it is 
not so deep. They had alwavs before them 
after one month the dry mash then used 
at the New York station: meal, two parts; 
middlings, two parts; beef scrap, two parts; 
bran, one part; Alfalfa meal, one part. 
Two factors, not alwavs easv to provide, 
contributed to a thrifty condition. 1. Thev 
were the only poultry on the place, hence 
could enjoy a range not possible where 
older fowls were present. 2. They were ab¬ 
solutely clear of mites or lice. Otherwise 
their care and feed was such as poultrymen 
usually give. Certainly no better. 
DON E. SMITH. 
Henhouse Queries. 
What size house would it be necessary to 
build to house 100 chickens (Rhode Isiand 
Reds)? Will a cement floor be all right? 
What is the best way to ventilate, and 
proper form of roof? G. B. M. 
New York. 
I would advise that you do not put more 
than 20 birds in one pen. Each pen should 
be at least 10 by 20 feet, unless you in¬ 
tend to give the birds free range, when 10 
by 10 feet would answer. If a yard was to 
bo kept a house 20 by 50 would he none 
too small for the 100 birds, although you 
might succeed with a small space. Much 
depends on the amount of time to be given 
to the business. 
A cement floor well covered with litter is 
ideal. .• I am strongly in favor of open 
fronts for ventilation, and with this kind 
of a house a single slant roof is best. 
_ c. H. s. 
Roup. 
I have some hens here with a disease 
with the following symptoms: At first a 
slight swelling forms below the eye, with 
watery eye and pus-like discharge from 
the nose on the affected side. As the dis¬ 
ease progresses an abscess forms under the 
eye and on that side of tne head which 
has a pale appearance. Chickens seem 
healthy otherwise, but disease seems to me 
to be contagious, as I had so far four hens 
since Summer. In some it is worse than 
others. I think it is some catarrhal affec¬ 
tion, but the abscess always puzzles me. 
R. D. H. 
Your birds are suffering with roup in an 
advanced stage. The best remedy is the 
hatchet, but if the disease has not pro¬ 
gressed too far, results may be obtained 
from this : Remove all afflicted birds to a 
warm, dry place, and wash head with hy¬ 
drogen peroxide. Give each bird one-halT 
teaspoon of Epsom salts in a mash and 
keep the drinking water a bright red with 
potassium permanganate. All of these may 
be secured from any druggist. C. h. s. 
Dishorning a Rooster. 
I have a rooster whose spurs have be¬ 
come so long and sharp that he literally 
“spikes” everything with which he comes 
in contact. He is a purebred Buff Or¬ 
pington. and I do not wish to kill him. Is 
there any way of removing these spurs? 
I thought perhaps there might be some 
instrument similar to a dishorning knife 
for this purpose. H. l. ii. 
We should take a fine meat saw and 
“despur” him by cutting off quite close to 
the leg. _ 
Breeding Pullets or Baby Chicks? 
We have 350 Single Comb White Leghorn 
pullets and no hens. Would you think it 
advisable to select the best of these for 
breeders for next Spring, or would it be bet¬ 
ter to buy day-old chicks as we did last 
Spring? s. C. 
Long Island. 
Your question is not very clear as to your 
object, but if the strain you have is a good 
one I would by all means breed my own 
chicks another year, as one can certainly 
hatch chicks from his own eggs with any 
first class machine cheaper than they can 
be bought. However, I would advise that 
you purchase cockerels elsewhere so as not 
to inbreed. . c. h. s. 
If the stock is satisfactory I would by all 
means prefer to select fi >m present stock. 
In my experience the past reason 92 percent 
of eggs set produced fine broilers in 10 
weeks, while neighbors who bought chicks 
lost from 20 to 50 per cent of the chicks. 
My stock is mixed, choice strains. Plymouth 
Rocks, Rhode Island Reds, Wyandottes and 
one or two other large breeds. 
ISAAC R. THATCHER. 
If these pullets were hatched in April 
or May they should begin laying by October 
or November, and lay out the first clutch 
of eggs before any eggs would he needed for 
setting. Usually the first clutch of eggs 
laid by a^pullet are small and not fit to 
breed from, but the next clutch of eggs 
will be larger, and if the pullets are large 
and well developed and a yearling or two 
year old male bird is mated to them they 
might do to breed from. I prefer, how¬ 
ever, for breeding stock, one to two-year- 
old birds, both male and female, and think 
that the chicks will be stronger and de¬ 
velop into more satisfactory stock. The 
breeding from immature birds, cockerels 
and pullets, if followed up for three or four 
years in succession, will be sure to result 
in a general deterioration of Tne flock, even 
where unrelated males are used. 
GEO. A. COSGROVE. 
There is no needless delay 
about putting the horses up 
for the night and getting into 
your own comfortable home 
when the work is lighted— 
and lightened—by a Rayo 
lantern. Rayo lanterns give 
such a strong, steady light 
you can put your hand on 
what you want in a second. 
Rayo lanterns are the best 
and brightest on the market. 
Made in all kinds of styles 
and sizes, to suit any use. 
Finest material and 
ship; most light for 
the oil consumed* 
will not blow out. 
All Rayo lanterns are 
equipped with selected Rayo 
globes, clear, red or green, 
as desired. Wicks inserted 
in burners, ready to light. 
Dealers everywhere; or 
write for descriptive circular 
direct to any agency of the 
workman- 
Standard Oil Company 
(Incorporated) 
BARRED ROCKSSrS 
breeding COCKERELS for $2.50 each. C. H; 
JENNINGS, Freehold, N. J., care Hedge’s Farm. 
Sherwin-Williams 
Paints 6-Varnishes 
FOR THE FARM 
Use Sherwin-Williams Roof and Bridge 
Paint for painting bridges, structural iron 
work, metal and tin roofs, barns, rough 
lumber, etc. It is durable, covers well and 
works freely under the brush. Sold by 
dealers everywhere. Ask for color cards. 
Address all inquiries to The Sherwin-Williams Co s, fi25Canal Road, N. W., Cleveland, Ohio 
THICK, SWOLLEN GLANDS 
that make a horse Wheeze, 
Koar, have Thick Wind or 
Choke-down, can be re¬ 
moved with 
/IBS orbine 
also any Bunch or Swelling. No 
blister, no hair gone, and 
horse kept at work. $2 per bot¬ 
tle, delivered. Kook 3 E free. 
AlJSORUINE, JR., liniment for mankind. 
Reduces Goitre, Tumors, Wens, Painful, Knotted 
Varicose Veins, Ulcers. $1.00 and $2.00 a bottle at 
dealers or delivered. Book with testimonials free. 
W.F.Y0UNG. P.D.F., 88 Temple St., Sprlngfieid.Mass, 
Heaves 
Cured 
NEWTON’S REMEDY — 21 years’ sale 
removes the cause. Prevents and cures Indigestion, 
Coughs, Distempers. Death to Heaves. Removes intestinal 
worms and is an excellent conditioner. Standard 
remedy for 21 years. Guaranteed for Heaves. At dealers’ 
or direct, prepaid $1 a can. Book explains fully, free. 
THE NEWTON REMEDY CO.. Toledo, Ohio 
HELP YOUR HORSES 
Don’t stand by and see them suffer. Give 
them the very best car© and uso th© never-failing 
Quinn’s Ointment 
t brings quick, permanent cur©. It is the most effective 
'“remedy you can buy for removing curbs, splints, windpuffs, 
thoroughpin, swelling of throat and glands. A positive cure. 
Price 11 a bottle. Used 30 years. At all good druggists or by mail. 
W. B. Eddy & Co., Box W Whitehall, N. Y. 
MINERAL 
HEAVE 
REMEDY 
NEGLECT 
MIIRuin\ 
fourHorse 
send today for 
only 
» E R M A N E N T i 
SAFE 
CERTAIN 
$3 PACKAGE 
will cure any case or 
money refunded. 
$1 PACKAGE 
cures ordinary cases. 
Postpaid on receipt of price. J 
Age nts Wanted 
Write for descriptive 
booklet 
iineral Heave Remedy Co.,461 Fourth Avenue.P'ttsburg,Pa. 
Sprains, \ 
Ringbone, Shoe Boil,! 
Capped Hocks, Thoropin, Ab-! 
normal Growths, Spavin, Curb and other 
I lameness, cost farmers many thousands of 
dollars every year. Save your horses and money 
X ADAMS’ REMOV-ALL 
Sold on money back guarantee. Leaves noscaror 
white hairs—acts quick—cures quick. Get our 
VALUABLE BOOK FREE , 
[ Home treatment for call colic, horse colic, and 
othe • ailments of farm animals without calling in 
I vete.inary— All Free. Write postal now. 
' II-C.AdamsMfg.Co. Dept. SO, Algona,Ia. 
CHURNS 
We handle every 
kind on the market. 
Our prices cannot be 
beaten. Write for 
Churn Catalog. 
WISNER MFG. CO. 
230 GREENWICH STREET 
NEW YORK CITY 
MAKE HENS LAY 
By feeding raw bone. Its egg-producing value is four 
times that of grain. Eggs more fertile, chicks moro 
vigorous, broilers earlier, fowls heavier 
prollts larger. 
MANN’S L &§tl Bone Cutter 
Cuts all bone with adhering meat and 
gristle. Never clogs. 10 Days’ Fro. Trial. 
No money in advance. 
Send Today for Free Book. 
F. W. Mann Co., Box 15, Milford, Mass. 
I'Mr’fTD A TI/YM— Our hot water custom hatch- 
ill L.UDFY 1 IVZil jug plant was so successful 
last season that we have doubled our capacity, 
which is now over 200,000 eggs. Last year we had 
to turn away over 1,000 eggs a day for a period of 4 
months, as our Incubator was full. Over 80 per 
cent of our last year’s customers have already en¬ 
gaged space in our Incubator for the coming sea¬ 
son. Don’t be among the disappointed—engage 
your space now. Our Incubator starts on Jan. 2d. 
Write for prices and information any way. 
MAPLE GLEN POULTRY FARM 
Millerton, _New York 
MacKellar’s Charcoal 
For Poultry is best. Coarse or flue granulated, also 
powdered. Buy direct from largest manufacturers of 
Charcoal Products. Ask for prices and samples. Est. 1814 
R. MacKELLAR’S SONS CO., Peekskill, N. Y. 
Keeps 
Water 
Pure 
More than half yonr poultry troubles are caused 
by not properly protecting their drinking water 
from the contamination of the chickens them¬ 
selves. You can end all your water troubles by 
equipping your poultry yards with 
Moe’s Top-Fill 
Drinking Fountain 
It always supplies just enough puro water— 
won’t slop over—dead air space keeps water COOL 
IN SUMMER. WARM IN WINTER. Simplo in 
construction—just remove cover and fill from top- 
water ceases to flow when cover is removed—no 
valves to got out of order. One gallon capacity. 
If not at your dealers, sent direct on receipt of 
price, $1.25, Satisfaction guaranteed. 
I OTIS & MOE, 540 S. Dearborn St., Chicago 
Every Rotten Post 
that must be replaced entails an expense greater than 
setting a new line of posts. The cost of replacing is post 
plus labor and expense incidental to a disturbance of the 
balance of the fence. This can I1K PREVENTED through 
the proper treatment of hints of po>t8>with Avcmuiua 
Cnrboliiieum. Painting 3-foot butts two coats cost no 
more than 2 cents for each. Circular 58 tells all about 
the proper preservative treatment of posts, it’s free 
for the asking. Write. 
CARBOLINEUM WOOD PRESERVING CO. 
18 1 Franklin Street, New York, N. Y. 
POULTRY SEED CO/?TV 
Specially small for poultry. Best of its kind. No 
grinding or cracking necessary. Only small 
iV.'lViV? er busliel - maple glen 
POULTRY FARM. Millerton, N. Y. 
THE FARMER’S FOWL— Rose Comb Reds, best winter 
■ htyersonearDi Eggs, $1.00 per 15. Catalogue 
free. THOS. WILDER, Route 1. Richland, n! Y. 
Hone’s Rose Comb Reds and Large, vigorous util - 
Mammoth Bronze TURKEYS bJds.bredft-ombest 
selected layers; also choice yearling breeders at 
reasonable prices, quality considered. Aii birds 
shipped on approval. 
D. R. HONE, Crescent Hill Farm, Sharon Sprinos, N. Y. 
Rose Comb Reds—Indian Runner Ducks 
High-class breeders and young stock for show, 
utility and export. May return at my expense if not 
satisfactory, Sinclair Smith, 602 Fifth St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Ofl *<;(;s $1.00—Leading varieties, 52 breeds. Prize Poul 
ZU try, Pigeons, Hares, etc. Booklet free. Ijirgo illus¬ 
trated descriptive Catalog 10c. K. G. WILE, Telford, Pa. 
Snow White Wyandottes 
lay. Circular free. Goldenrod Farm Stewartstown, Pa. 
BARRED ROCKS 
WHITE ROCKS. 
PARTRIDGE WYAN- 
DOTTES, PARTRIDGE COCHINS. Wo have a 
fine lot of youngsters. Prize-winning strain. 
MINCH KUOS., Route «, I trldgeton, N. J. 
L IGHT BRAHMAS, White and Barred Rocks— Young and 
yearling birds, all fine and purebred. Low prices 
for fall sides. J. A. Roberts, Malvern, Pa. 
POD OAI C— Show and Utility Stock White Hol- 
I Ufi OH.LL land Mammoth Black and Narrn- 
gansett Turkeys. African White Embden Toulouse 
and Buff Geese. W. W. Wilson, S. 7th St., Zanesville, 0. 
Crystal White Orpingtons §5 Ir A F nte T ed N 
Write RAY SCHERMERH0RN, Box B, South Hammond, N.Y. 
1(1(1 WHITE LEGHORN YEARLINGS and 50 PULLETS.- 
I UU 25 White Orpingtons; 20 Rhode Island Reds. 
Few cocks and cockerels from above strains. 
E. G. TUCKER, Philadelphia, Jefferson Co., N. Y. 
S TERLING STRAIN S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS are heavy 
layers of large, white eggs. Special sale for 
Noveinbei—Cockerels, $i and $2; May hatched 
pullets, $1.25. W. Sterling & Son, Cutchogue, N.Y. 
KEAN’S WHITE WYANDOTTES 
Extra fine Cockerels ready for service, $2.00 each. 
Pullets, $2.00 each. Guaranteed to satisfy the most 
fastidious. Also Choice Indian Kunner Drakes, 
$2.00 each. E. FRANKLIN KEAN, Stanley, N.Y. 
rnnn Single-Combed White Leghorns, Barred 
nilIIII Plymouth Rocks, Imperial Pekin Ducks. 
Bronze Turkeys and Guinea Hens at 
right prices. Yearlings, pullets, cocks or cockerels. 
Order at once for best selections. Largest success, 
ful poultry plant in the vicinity of New York City. 
Agents Cyphers’ Incubators. 
BONNIE BRAE POULTRY FARM New Rochelle, N. Y. 
SINGLE COMB WHITE LEGHORNS 
Choice lot Yearling Hens, Early Pullets and Cock¬ 
erels: any quantity at attractive prices; bred-to-lay 
kind. SUNNY HILL FARM. Fleminuton, N. J. 
OULLETS AND YEARLING HENS, W. & B. 
* Leghorns, W. Wyandottes, from 80 cents each 
up. Write for just what you want. MAPLE 
COVE POULTRY YARDS, R. 24, Athens, Pa. 
PDIII TRYMFM -I>on ' t fail to secure Stock and 
rUULI 11 I WILII Eggs at our reduced prices. 
EAST DONEGAL POULTRY YARDS, Marietta, Pa. 
