1144 
THE RURAI> is;EW-YORKEK 
.November 25, 
FEEDING PROBLEMS. 
Under this heading we endeavor to give advice 
and suggestions about feeding mixtures of grains 
and fodders. No definite rules are given, but the 
advice is based upon experience and average 
analyses of foods. By ‘'protein” is meant the 
elements in the food which go to make muscle or 
lean meat. “Carbohydrates” comprise the starch, 
sugar, etc., which make fat and provide fuel for 
the body, while “fat” is the pure oil found in 
foods. Dry matter” moans the weight of actual 
food left in fodder or grain when all the water is 
driven off. A ‘‘narrow ration” means one in which 
the proportion of protein to carbohydrates is close 
—a ‘‘wide" ration means one which shows a larger 
proportion of carbohydrates. 
Oat and I'ca Hay for Horses. 
Is ont and poa hay Injurious to horses? 
New Jersey. e. it. v. 
No—not if well cured. The danger would 
he in rotten or mouldy hay. The pea vines 
are full of sap, and often hard to cure. 
They sometimes ferment and mould when 
put in too green. Well cured oats and 
peas make a good fodder. 
Ration for Heifer. 
Will you give a feed ration for a heifer 
six months old, roughage being stalks 
(corn) and clover hay? o. K. s. 
New Jersey. 
A six-months-old heifer should be fed 
liberally, according to her size and appe¬ 
tite. Cornstalks are not very palatable or 
nourishing for such a young animal, so it 
would be much better to depend principally 
upon the clover hay for roughage. A good 
grain ration to feed with this would lie 
equal parts by weight of wheat bran or 
dried brewers’ grains and cornmeal and 
ground oats mixed together. If this feed 
appears to be too constipating, a little oil- 
meal should he added. In beginning to 
feed tills grain ration but a very small 
amount should bo given at first, gradually 
increasing as the heifer’s ability to digest 
the feed seems to warrant, the object al¬ 
ways being to keep her in good growing 
condition, hut not over fat. c. s. g. 
Purchasing a Balanced Ration. 
I have buckwheat, oats and corn of my 
own ; can I make a balanced ration of the 
above grains for my cows? I make but¬ 
ter. Would it lie better for me to sell my 
grain at the present market price and buy 
the so-called balanced ration? m. c. w. 
Vermont. 
Oats have a nutritive ratio of one part 
protein to 0.2 parts carbohydrates. Buck¬ 
wheat lias a nutritive ratio of one to 6.9, 
and corn one to 9.7, so you can readily see 
that it will be impossible to combine them 
in a balanced ration without adding some 
kind of feed which is very rich in protein. 
I do not believe that anyone can afford to 
feed cows for the production of milk and 
butter at the present prices without com¬ 
ing down pretty nearly to n balanced ration. 
Milk and butter are produced or can be 
produced upon practically every dairy farm, 
therefore the competition in marketing 
these products is very strong, and the mid¬ 
dlemen take advantage of this competition, 
controlling prices to their own selfish ad¬ 
vantage, so that if anything is wasted in 
the system of care and feeding which is 
practiced on the average farm, the profits 
will soon disappear. It is not, however, 
necessary to sell all your home-grown feed 
and replace it with expensive concentrates. 
In your case only the buckwheat should be 
sold and the money received for it used in 
the purchase of dried brewers’ or distillers’ 
grains and cotton-seed meal. By adding 
about two pounds of each of these protein 
feeds to a mixture of equal parts corn and 
oats ground together you will have a very 
satisfactory ration. You should also make 
some provision for succulence if you do not 
have a silo. Hoots or dried beet pulp sup¬ 
ply this deficiency admirably. C. s. G. 
Feeding Problems. 
I ain about to sell milk at the milk fac¬ 
tory at 3% cents per quart. I shall have 
to buv ail grain I have to feed. I have 
hay in the barn, the kind that could lie 
expected from a farm that had run pretty 
well out of seed. T have also plenty of 
cornstalks. I can get most kinds of grain 
at the mill. I would like to have a ration 
that will produce milk, at the same time 
leave a profit over the cost of the feed. The 
cows are grade Ilolstelns, two two-year- 
olds, one five-year-old, one seven-year-old, 
and one grade Jersey five years old. The 
Ilolstelns are ali fresh. The Jersey has 
been milking about five months, c. d. 
New York. 
There is not much financial encourage¬ 
ment in trying to produce milk at 3% cents 
per quart delivered at the factory at tills 
season of the year. You will probably find 
that it costs you nearly this amount to 
produce it when you figure closely. If how¬ 
ever, your cows are extra heavy milkers 
you may he able to come out even or a lit¬ 
tle better. If you will use the following 
formula for a balanced ration you will be 
able to produce milk at about the lowest 
cost it is possible to under the conditions 
with which you are working. 
Digest ible 
Feeding stuff 
Dry 
Pro¬ 
Carb. 
ma tter 
tein 
and fat 
15 lbs. mixed hay .. 
18.06 
.633 
6.987 
5 lbs. cut cornstalks 
4 lbs. dried brewers’ 
3.00 
.085 
1.7 
grains . 
3.68 
.808 
1.912 
4 lbs. dried beet pulp 
8.744 
.272 
2.616 
2 IDs. cottonseed meal 
1.84 
.744 
.888 
25.324 2.042 14.053 
Nutritive ratio 1 :5.5. 
It is not possible to state the exact 
amount to feed, as this must be regulated 
according to the appetite of each individual 
cow and the amount of milk she is giving. 
In practice we find it is safe to feed all the 
hay and cut cornstalks a cow will eat. and 
in addition she should lie fed enough grain 
to keep her in good condition and produce 
a normal flow of milk at the same time. 
The dried brewers’ grains and licet pulp 
should be soaked for 12 hours before feed¬ 
ing and mixed with the cotton-seed meal 
at feeding time. Water your cows at least 
twice a day and keep them in a good light, 
well-ventilated stable. Provide good dry 
bedding and use your best judgment in the 
proper care and treatment of your cows 
and they should respond with a good flow 
of milk. c. s. G. 
Ration for Milk Making. 
Will you give me a balanced ration for 
a cow about 950 pounds, fresh In May. 
She gave about 12 quarts of rich milk; 
since bringing her in she gives about eight 
quarts. I would like to increase her flow 
and keep her in good condition as cheaply 
as possible. I have good cornstalks and 
mixed hay; the rest I must buy. Corn- 
meal $1.75, middlings $1.70; cotton-seed 
meal $1.70; gluten $1.50; should like to use 
dried beet pulp in the ration. e. b. 
New York. 
You cannot make as good a ration from 
the feeding stuffs you mention as you can 
by substituting dried brewers’ or distillers’ 
grains for the middlings, which are too ex¬ 
pensive for you to feed. By omitting the 
cornmeal also, as it is not required, we 
have the following formula, which I am 
sure you will find satisfactory for your 
purpose: 
Digestible 
Dry 
Pro- 
Carb. 
Feeding stuff matter 
tein 
and fat 
12 His. mixed hay. 10.452 
.5064 
5.55 
8 His. cut cornstalks. 4.80 
.136 
2.72 
4 lbs. dried beet pulp 3.744 
.272 
2.616 
2 His. cotton-seed 
meal . 1.84 
.744 
.888 
4 His. dried brewers’ 
grains . 3.68 
.808 
1.912 
24.516 
2.4664 
13.686 
Nutritive ratio 1:5.5. 
C. S. G. 
Dairy Ration. “ 
Would you compound a oalanced ration 
for Winter feeding, clover hay used as 
roughage? I can get dried brewers’ grnln 
$22 a ton, cornmeal $81 at present prices. 
I also use stock molasses. I can get wheat 
bran if necessary to help the ration out. 
Linseed meal I consider far too dear, and 
also hard to get. About what is the price 
of cotton-seed meal and gluten feed, and 
which is the better? a. t. b. 
New York. 
If you have good fresh cows and will use 
the following formula for a balanced ration 
it ought to produce very satisfactory re¬ 
sults : 
Digest- Carb. 
Feeding Stuff. Dry ible and 
Matter. Protein. Fat. 
18 IDs. clover hay.... 
4 lbs. dried brewers’ 
15.30 
1.224 
7.128 
grains . 
3.68 
.628 
1.912 
3 lbs. cornmeal . 
2.67 
.237 
2.292 
2 lbs. wheat bran... 
1.76 
.244 
. 906 
1 lb. molasses. 
.79 
.091 
.595 
24.20 
2.424 
12.833 
Nutritive ration, 1:5.3. 
Tile molasses may be gradually increased 
up to tw5 pounds per day for eacli cow. 
Gluten feed sells for about $28 per ton, and 
cotton-seed meal at about $34, but the cot¬ 
ton-seed is enough better than the gluten 
to more than make up the difference in 
price. You have the proper proportion of 
protein in the above ration, so It is not 
necessary for you to add any more concen¬ 
trated feeds. You cannot afford to pur¬ 
chase oil meal to feed with this ration, as it 
is not required with the molasses, c. s. o. 
Another Milk Rations. 
Will you give me figures for a balanced 
ration? Cows are grade Holstein weighing 
about 1,000 pounds and in rather thin 
flesh, all fresh milkers. I have silage, Tim¬ 
othy hay, oat-straw containing some grass. 
I wish to feed straw once a day to help 
out on hay; can buy gluten, $30, bran $2.8, 
buckwheat middlings, $28, cornmeal $30, 
cotton-seod meal. a. b. c. 
New York. 
Everything considered, I believe you will 
find the following combination will produce 
milk as economically as any that can be 
made from the available feeding stuffs. You 
will not get much milk or butter out of 
Timothy hay and oat straw, but either 
may be used as a noon feed witli the re¬ 
mainder of the ration divided into two 
feeds for morning and evening whiqh makes 
a very satisfactory ration for cows such 
as you are milking. Of course you under¬ 
stand that tlie amounts given are only ap¬ 
proximate and must be regulated by the 
feeder to suit different cows and conditions. 
Digestible 
Dry 
Pro- 
Carb. 
Feeding stuff matter 
tein 
and fat 
40 lbs. silage. 8.40 
.36 
5.16 
8 lbs. oat straw. . .. 7.2S 
.096 
3.232 
(or Timothy hay) 
4 lhs. dried distill- 
ers’ grains. 3.68 
.992 
2.208 
1 V-r His. cotton-seed 
mea l . 1.38 
.558 
.666 
2 llis. 1) u e k w heat 
middlings . 1.74 
.44 
.912 
2 lbs. cornmeal.... 1.78 
.158 
1.528 
24.26 
2.604 
13.706 
Nutritive ratio 1 :5.3. 
C. 
S. G. 
■eploui S oil at Top J&>tek 
Er oditcing- Power 
T HE utmost care and attention given to plowing, harrowing, seeding, 
cultivating, and harvesting cannot make up for lack of fertilizer, 
which is necessary to keep the soil at the top-notch of its producing 
power. In fact, fertilizing is of first importance. 
Of all fertilizers, manure is best, because it replaces just the elements 
the crops have extracted, and is most economical. 
But to get its full value, manure must be spread evenly, in proper quan¬ 
tities. Only a good manure spreader will spread it this way. Get an 1 H C 
if you want to be sure of the greatest value for your money. 
I H C Manure Spreaders 
'Corn King, Cloverleaf, Kemp 20th Century 
are simple, strong, and perfect in design and construction. They are light 
in draft and durable. Here are some of the features and advantages that 
make IHC spreaders the best investment for you. 
The method of transmitting power from the wheels to the beater is 
simple and direct. There are no unnecessary parts to wear. The beater is 
large in diameter, and the teeth are long, square, and chisel-pointed, so 
that the manure is thoroughly pulverized and thrown out before it wedges 
against the bars, thus reducing the draft. 
The apron is supported by steel rollers, and the slats are placed close 
together, so that manure does not sift down and interfere with the move¬ 
ment of the rollers. The steel wheels have ample strength to carry many 
times the weight they will ever be called upon to bear. The rims are. 
flanged inwardly to prevent cutting and rutting of meadows and accumula¬ 
tion of trash. There is no reach to prevent short turning. 
IHC Manure Spreaders are made in several styles and sizes for field, 
orchard, and truck farm use. See the I II C local dealer for catalogues and 
complete information, or, write direct. 
INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY OF AMERICA 
(Incorporated) 
Chicago USA 
IHC Service Bureau 
The Bureau is a clearing house for agricultural 
data. It aims to learn the best ways of doing things 
on the farm, and then distribute the information. 
Your individual experience may help others. Send 
your problems to the IHC Service Bureau. 
Sher win-Williams 
Paints & Varnishes 
FOR THE FARM 
For painting and refinishing farm machinery, 
wagons, implements, tools, etc., use Sherwin- 
Williams Wagon and Implement Paint— 
dries with a rich, durable gloss; prevents 
rust and decay. It is very permanent in 
color as well as very durable. Made in five 
colors and black, also as a clear varnish. 
Sold by dealers everywhere. Ask for color cards 
Address all inquiries to The Sherwin-Williams Co., 035Canal Road, N. W., Cleveland, Ohio 
More Steel Than In Any Other 
Spreader 
Hold Your Spreader 
Order Till You Get 
Our Book and Offer 
roit 
fori 
U xjv ' . Wood or Let us quote you our 1912 sensational, money-saving, factory 
U) Steel Wheels prices on better spreaders than any mail ore : jobbing house 
ordealer can get! Just send your name and audtess on postal. 
Read our book. See liow Detrolt-American Spreaders are made and the materials we use. Compare all 
spreaders point lor point. Note our price and terms. Buy where you get the bijittesl value, tile fairest treatment. 
It will pay you to hold your spreader order till you get our book and offer! 
Detroit-American-30 Days' Trial 
No Money Down 
No Deposit 
Wo’ll send you any DetroltrAmerlcan Spreader, 50 to 100 bushel capacity, wood 
or steel wheels, or Handy Wagon Box style, with the money in your pocket. 
Wo pay freight tool Mall your postal. Read, In big book, about these 
features: Petrol t-Amorlcun Spreader bus most steel— Stronger, more durable, 
lighter dratt. l’ower applied direct—no lost motion. Box 2 Inches wider at 
rear—load cannot bind on sides. Box 17 Indies deep others only 16 indies deep 
or less. Extremely simple —proof against mistakes of boy or bell). 3 rollers to 
each apron slatt Six changes of feed from seat—no stopping. All Steel cylin¬ 
der and Rake! Front trucks set well back—help carry load. Double front 
bolster. Unbreakable 16 inch steel 6th wheel! Hear axle, 2 inches cold rolled 
steel, bracedt Let us mail you ail the facts. 
Send Name! b<mk our H;V ai° 
about tiiese and many otiier advantages. 
Read what owners say. Note our prices on the 
size and style spreader you want. Petrolt-Amer- 
Icaii line is complete. Don’t decide till you hear 
from us. Wo ship promptly—no money down, we pay 
freight; cash or credit, 60 days free trial. Write postal 
now. Book also shows biggest values In Harrows, Cultivators and Engines. 
American Harrow Co. 
1611 Hastings Street 
Detroit, Mich. 
