1184 
December 9, 
THE re.UR.A-I> NEW-YORKER 
FEEDING PROBLEMS. 
Under this heading we endeavor to give advice 
and suggestions about feeding mixtures of grains 
and fodders. No definite rules are given, but the 
advice is based upon experience and average 
analyses of foods. By ‘'protein” is meant the 
elements in the food which go to make muscle or 
lean meat. “Carbohydrates” comprise the starch, 
sugar, etc.,.which make fat and provide fuel for 
the body, while “fat” is the pure oil found In 
foods. Dry matter” means the weight of actual 
food left in fodder or grain when all the water is 
driven off. A “narrow ration” means one in which 
the proportion of protein to carbohydrates is close 
—a "wide” ration means one which shows a larger 
irroportion of carbohydrates. 
Dairy Rations With Different Roughage. 
What would you suggest for one or two 
dairy rations made up of silage, Timothy 
and Iled-top mixed, cob meal and cotton¬ 
seed meal? Another combination, oat fod¬ 
der in place of the above hay, and a third 
with oat and pea hay for fodder? I inted to 
feed dried beet pulp with each. I have 22 
cows, mostly Holstein grades. J. G. 
New Hampshire. 
The grain rations for you to feed with 
your different kinds of roughage would not 
necessarily vary greatly; the only change 
that would be required is that when feed¬ 
ing oat and pea hay you could reduce the 
quantity of cotton-seed meal about half a 
pound. You should add some kind of light 
feed like wheat bran, dried brewers’ or dis¬ 
tillers’ grains, to your mixture of cotton¬ 
seed and corn and cob meal and beet pulp. 
You would then have a grain ration some¬ 
thing like the following: Five pounds 
wheat bran or dried brewers’ grains, or 
four pounds dried distillers’ grains, two 
pounds cotton-seed meal, three pounds 
dried beet pulp. About 30 to 35 pounds 
of silage per day can be fed with this 
grain ration, and all the dry fodder the 
cows will consume. c. s. G. 
Buckwheat Chaff for Cows. 
Will feeding buckwheat chaff to cows dry 
them up? 1 take five quarts chaff and 
three quarts bran middlings and Buffalo 
feed, and add a handful of salt and oil 
meal. We scald or steam this at night and 
feed in the morning, and give them all 
the cornstalks they will eat. Could you 
give me a balanced ration in which I could 
use chaff? I have cornstalks, ear corn 
which I could sell and have ground, mixed 
hay, oats in the sheaves, and can get any 
kind of mill feed: also have a lot of ruta 
baga turnips, and as I cannot lind a mar¬ 
ket for them would like to feed to the cows, 
but have heard that it will make butter 
strong if fed too freely. Would feeding 
them every other day be all right? 
New York. w. H. G. 
There is not enough nutriment in buck¬ 
wheat chaff to give it any feeding value 
whatever for milch cows. All such worth¬ 
less stuff that you compel your cows to eat 
by mixing it with grain only furnishes more 
work for a cow’s digestive organs without 
producing any adequate returns. You will 
find more profit in using your buckwheat 
straw and chaff as bedding, or allowing 
your cows to eat it at will from racks in 
the yard. I would suggest that you feed 
your" cows all the mixed hay. cut corn¬ 
stalks and sheaf oats they will eat, pro¬ 
portioning the amounts according to the 
available supply of each. For a grain 
ration you will find that four pounds dried 
beet pulp, two pounds cotton-seed meal and 
four pounds dried brewers' or distillers' 
grains will produce very satisfactory results 
with your available roughage. Cut the ruta¬ 
baga turnips into small pieces and feed di¬ 
rectly after milking, twice a day; no taste 
or odor from them will affect the milk if 
you are careful to keep them in a separate 
room from your cows, and not let the milk 
come in contact with their odor in any 
way, as it is quickly absorbed by the milk. 
c. s. G. 
Ration with Silage. 
I sell cream ; am milking nine cows and 
raising five young heifers. I have to buy 
all my fine feed. I have a few tons or 
mangels and turnips. I have about 12 tons 
of mixed grass hay (no clover in it). My 
cows are grade Guernseys and Jerseys. 
I’lease give me figures for a balanced ration, 
using as much silage as possible. I can buy 
any necessary fine feeds at local dealers, 
but I desire to keep this item as small as 
possible. Tell me what to feed my promis¬ 
ing heifers in order to get a good develop¬ 
ment. using silage as far as possible. Can 
pigs make any use of silage? I have 40. 
Massachusetts. c. c. 
Situated as you are, with plenty of silage 
and a limited amount of mixed hay and 
roots, you should add enough concentrated 
grain mixture to make up the deficiency of 
protein in these feeds. The proper grain 
to purchase depends to a great extent upon 
its cost and availability. Here we can pro¬ 
cure protein at the lowest cost in cotton¬ 
seed meal and dried brewers’ grains, but 
gluten feed, dried distillers’ grains, wheat 
bran and buckwheat middlings may each 
form a part of the ration if the price at 
which they can be purchased will admit of 
their use. The following formula is sug¬ 
gested for grade Jerseys and Guernseys, but 
of course it must be changed as conditions 
require: 
—Digestible Nutrients.— 
Dry Carbs. 
Feeding Stuffs. Matter. Protein, and Fat. 
40 lbs. silage . 8.40 .36 5.15 
12 lbs. mixed hay.... 10.45 .506 5.55 
4 lbs. dried brewers’ 
grains . 3.6S .808 1.912 
2 lbs. cotton-seed 
meal . 1.84 .744 .888 
1 lb. cornmeal.89 .079 .764 
2 lbs. wheat bran.. 1.70 .244 .906 
27.02 2.741 15.18 
Nutritive ratio, 1:5.5. 
If your cows are good size and giving a 
heavy flow of milk they will probably eat 
the amount given in the formula, but if 
they are rather small or light milkers, the 
quantity would necessarily have to be re¬ 
duced accordingly. The silage and grain 
mixture should be divided into two feeds 
and fed after milking morning and evening, 
while the noon feed should consist entirely 
of hay. 
Your promising heifers should have silage 
and hay, the same as your cows, except in 
smaller amounts, as required. Their grain 
feed should consist of wheat bran or dried 
brewers’ grains and ground oats, witn 
enough cornmeal added to keen them in 
good flesh, but not fat. The aim in feeding 
heifers should always be to keep them Tn 
good growing condition without producing 
an excessive amount of fat. You could 
feed your pigs a little silage as an appetizer, 
but our experience docs not warrant us in 
recommending it as an important part of 
the ration. c. s. G. 
Milk Ration; Garget; Cotton Seed for Horses. 
1. Will you give me what you consider 
the best and cheapest ration for two Jer¬ 
sey cows? I have a limited quantity of 
clover hay, plenty of corn stover and man¬ 
gels. Local prices as follows: Cotton-seed 
meal, $a 4 ; oil meal, $40: gluten feed, $31; 
bran, $26; middlings. $29.50. 2. We have 
had considerable trouble with these cows on 
account of caked udder. Just now we are 
having hard work getting the milk out of 
the two back quarters of one of the cows. 
There seems to be some obstruction in the 
teats. What is the remedy? It takes twice 
as long as it should to do the milking. 3. 
How much cotton-seed meal is it safe to 
feed in the daily ration of farm horses? 
New York. s. F. B. 
1. From the feeds you mention we have 
compounded the following balanced ration, 
which is both economical and efficient: 
—Digestible Nutrients.— 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
Dry 
Carbs. 
Feeding Stuffs. Matter. Protein, and Fat. 
15 
lbs. corn stover. 
9.00 
.255 
5.16 
10 
lbs. clover hav.. 
8.5 
.68 
3.96 
«> 
Ibs. cotton-seed 
meal . 
1.84 
.744 
.888 
6 
lbs. wheat bran. . 
5.28 
.732 
2.718 
20 
lbs. mangels. 
1.8 
.22 
1.12 
26.42 
2,631 
13.846 
Nutritive ratio, 1: a.a. 
This is also a safe ration to feed, as it 
will not cause caked udders when properly 
used. 
2. The cause of caked udders is usually 
too high feeding of heavy concentrated feed¬ 
ing stuffs, but other causes, such as stand¬ 
ing in a draft, lying on damp, cold ground 
or improper milking may produce the same 
effect. The remedy is first to give the cow 
a quart of raw linseed oil, followed in 12 
hours with a pound of epsom salts and an 
ounce of ginger dissolved in water. Bathe 
the udder with hot water and thoroughly 
massage it twice a day, applying melted lard 
liberally, rubbing it well in during the mas¬ 
sage process. Obstructions in the teats may 
sometimes be overcome by inserting a plug 
in each teat and leaving until the following 
milking, repeating until cured. These plugs 
are for sale by all dealers in dairy sup¬ 
plies. 
3. We do not approve of cotton-seed meal 
as a feed for horses. c. s. g. 
Slaughter-house Offal for Stock. 
What is the value of the offal for hog 
feed from a slaughter-house where a few 
hogs and an occasional sheep or cow are 
slaughtered? l. a. p. 
Washington. 
Slaughter-house offal makes good pig 
feed when properly saved and preserved or 
fed while fresh. I consider it worth as 
much as an equal amount of dry matter in 
feeding tankage or oil meal. c. s. o. 
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A small crop is proof that your land is run down—it is a warning 
to fertilize promptly. 
Manure is the ideal fertilizer because it contains the very elements 
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The pitchfork method is wasteful, entails hard, disagreeable work, 
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1 H C 
Service Bureau 
The Bureau is 
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distribute the in¬ 
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