1911 . 
THt£ RURAL, NEW-YORKEffi 
1197 
Ruralisms 
Hickory and Chestnut Borers. 
D. E. It., Buffern, N. Y. —Looking over 
The It. N.-Y., I came acx-oss the warning 
regarding the Hickory bark-borer. I have 
found the same disease in the bark of 
chestnut trees. Do these Chestnut tree- 
borers, after the beetles emerge, go over 
to the hickory and lay their eggs in the 
hickory bark, causing, as Dr. E. P. Felt 
says, its destruction ? 
Ans.—T he Chestnut borer and the 
Hickory bark-borer are very different 
insects. The Hickory bark-borer is not 
known to work on the chestnut nor does 
the Chestnut borer work on the hickory. 
I think you found some chestnuts af¬ 
fected with the “bark disease,” in the 
decayed areas of which there often 
occur larvae of beetles that work in 
dead wood. These would not prove a 
menace to the hickory. 
GLENN W. HERRICK. 
Persian Walnut in Virginia. 
IF. R. B., Fishcrsville, Pa .—I was very 
much interested in inquiry by II. S., 
“Trouble with English Walnuts,” and Mr. 
Woodward's reply. We would like to know 
more about this valuable nut. What are 
the best conditions of rainfall, soil and 
climate, for success with it? It seems that 
they are successful even as far north as 
New York and Ontario, but I know of 
many trees that have not borne profitable 
crops. Two 20-year-old trees in the ther¬ 
mal belt of North Carolina, where they 
never have frost, bear some every year, but 
not enough to be profitable. One tree 
near here, 15 years old, has borne 1% 
bushel one year, which the owner thought 
was doing well. We at least would not 
care to wait so long for a profitable crop. 
Can they be made profitable commercially in 
the Eastern States? There seems no doubt 
but that there will be an increased demand 
for nuts of all kinds. Would it not be 
helpful to have a full discussion by growers' 
who have failed, those who have succeeded, 
also by scientific men and experts? What 
conditions of rainfall, soil and climate ob¬ 
tains in Europe, California, Oregon or other 
places where their culture is successful? 
Ans. —There is greatly increased and 
constantly increasing interest in the cul¬ 
ture of the Persian (English) walnut in 
the Eastern States, and very wisely so. 
Nearly all the attempts to grow this 
valuable tree for the years proceding 
the last decade or two have been with 
chance seedlings and often of European 
strains that have proved to be tender in 
tree and often lacking in productive¬ 
ness. And many of these trees stand 
alone and their female flowers do not 
have the benefit of the pollen from 
other trees of the same species, which is 
often necessary, because their own 
male flowers in many cases bloom too 
early or too late to be effective. Seed¬ 
lings are uncertain in all these respects 
and it is only by planting grafted trees 
of varieties known to be self-pollinating 
and productive that definite results can 
be obtained. Some strains of seedlings 
are fairly satisfactory, but trees grafted 
on our native walnut stocks are far the 
best. And it is a most fortunate thing 
that these stocks are suitable, for they 
are cheaply and easily grown, and skill¬ 
ful methods of propagation have been 
learned by a few nurserymen who have 
succeeded in producing trees, although 
at considerable cost, because of the dif¬ 
ficulty in getting the grafts to fake. I 
have been through all these troubles, 
and have finally succeeded in growing 
as fine grafted walnut trees as anyone 
would want. Some have grown from 
six to 10 feet high this year from grafts 
set last Spring at the ground, and the 
wood is well ripened and more than an 
inch in diameter. 
The varieties best suited to eastern 
conditions have not been fully deter¬ 
mined by experiment, but enough is 
known to warrant moderate planting 
with good prospects of success. The 
fact that a tree or a few trees here and 
there have not proved satisfactory, es¬ 
pecially if they are seedlings, is not by 
any means good evidence that proper 
trees under proper conditions will not 
succeed, and it has been well demon¬ 
strated in several cases that the best 
varieties of the walnut will succeed 
where others have failed. This is par¬ 
ticularly true of the Atlantic States. 
The varieties most worthy of planting 
are the Mayette, Franquette, and 
Wiltz, the latter being a new seedling 
of the Mayette that has made a very 
fine record. The other two are the best 
of the French varieties. The trees 
should be planted on rich and well- 
drained land. On poor or wet soil they 
will not flourish if they live at all. 
Trees of the really good varieties will 
bear at from four to six years from 
planting. They should never be set 
nearer than SO feet apart, for they grow 
rapidly and very large in good soil and 
live to very old age. h. e. van deman. 
GARDEN AND GREENHOUSE. 
California Peach Seeds. 
There Is not to our knowledge any great 
trade in California peach seed, althougn 
it is sold quite extensively in the Pacific 
Coast States, and in eases of a failure in 
Tennessee and Virginia sold to some extent 
in the East. We do not know of any spe¬ 
cial virtues, except that California peacu 
seed is free from yellows and other diseases 
to which tlie trees are subject in the East. 
We do not believe that the cannery pits am 
the best; in fact, we do not plant them 
ourselves at all, so do not handle them. We 
usually handle seeds from the dry yards, 
and in the northern section of the State 
there are a good many seedling orchards. 
This seed is in our opinion the best for 
nursery planting. chico nursery co. 
California. 
Utah Cantaloupes. 
So far as flavor and size is concerned 
there is no cantaloupe grown that is su¬ 
perior to the Elgin, Utah, strain. Our can¬ 
taloupes have outsold the Rocky Ford in all 
markets where they have come in compe¬ 
tition, and in fact have sold second to none 
wherever offered. We raise the Rust Re¬ 
sisting Pollock and Early Waterous strain, 
which I believe is the same kind as grown 
mostly at Rocky Ford. We irrigate exclu¬ 
sively. as it is unusual for us to have any 
rain during the growing season, and this, 
together with our unexcelled climate, gives 
us a very fine-flavored melon. We have two 
different kinds of soil, what is known as 
bottom land and also bench land. The 
bottom land being the more fertile, as a 
usual thing, has more melons to the acre, 
while the bench land produces a better 
netted melon and is usually more sound. 
Our cantaloupe season lasts from the latter 
part of July until about the middle of 
October. We shipped the last melons on 
October 17, this year, and there were a 
few melons shipped about the first of No¬ 
vember last year. The average price re¬ 
ceived this season was 70 cents per crate, 
standard crate, while the Jumbo would do a 
little better. The fact that our melon is 
used exclusively by the D. & R. G. dining 
service at from 50 cents to $1 more per 
crate than other Utah and Colorado melons, 
is conclusive evidence that we have the 
right kind of fruit. j. w. hammond. 
Utah. 
'Forcing Lettuce. 
The kind of lettuce plants I grow are 
the Grand Rapids, and are for Winter 
forcing in greenhouses, not to be carried 
over in cold frames. Lettuce seed for Fall 
growing outside should be sown about the 
lirst or middle of August, while for hot¬ 
beds or cold frames the latter part or 
August and first of September is plenty 
early. For greenhouse forcing seed should 
be sown any time after September 1 or for 
extra early about August) 15 will do. When 
the plants are large enough they should be 
transplanted in hotbeds, frames or green¬ 
houses, about six inches each way in a 
rich, well mulched soil. Early lettuce 
should be carefully watched for the green 
measuring worm, which attacks- it, and 
may be found on the underside of the leaf; 
often an entire crop is destroyed by these 
pests. What we consider the best all-around 
variety is Grand Rapids; it forces well, 
often single head weighing from one to two 
pounds, and is fine for Summer growing 
outside. Some prefer the Big Boston or 
other large-leaved sorts, but we find them 
rather coarse, and they do not present as 
attractive appearance as the Grand Rapids, 
and do not sell as well. 
Ohio. MRS. E. J. CLARY. 
More Feed Per Acre 
The cost of producing meat or milk would be much 
less if it required less acres to produce the feed. 
Both the quantity and quality of the feed improve 
when the right plant foods are used to supplement the 
manure and clover. They improve enough to yield a 
handsome profit on the expenditure. 
The right plant food includes enough 
POTASH 
in available form. Supplement the manure and phosphate 
with 50 to loo pounds of Muriate of Potash, or 200 to 400 
pounds of Kainit, per acre, and you will raise big corn and 
fine clover after the grain and at the same time improve 
the fertility of the soil. 
Try Potash salts alone on the swamp land pasture and 
note the clover and good grasses crowd out the wild hay. 
Write us for prices of Potash, one bag up. 
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DEYO-MACEY ENGINE CO. 
BINGHAMTON, N. Y. 
BUY LIME NOW! 
Hydrated Lime in paper sacks, car lots, for $7.50 
per ton. Lime Screenings in bulk, from best grade 
of burnt lime, $5.00 per ton, f. o. b. cars any point 
between Buffalo ami Now York on the main lines 
of the N. Y. Central, Erie, D., L. & W., Penna., 
Lehigh, N. Y., O. & W., and C. It. R. of N. J. 
Special price on ground Land Lime made on appli¬ 
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in and delays shipments. 
Address J. W. Ballard Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
San Jose Scale Killer 
KIL-O-SCALE is the most reliable rem¬ 
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Henry A. Dreer, Philadelphia,Pa. 
GREAT CROP RESULTS 
from tho use of Martin's Animal Bone and Tankage 
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TRADE MARK REGISTERED IN U. S. PATENT OFFICE- 
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