r mu. 
THE KUKAb NEW-YURKKH 
1206 
The Henyard. 
Cotton-seed Meal for Hens. 
On page 1165 L. C. P. of Charlottesville. 
Pa., states that cotton-seed meal seems 
the cheapest source of protein, and asks 
why it won't do for hens. “Have any care¬ 
ful tests been made with cotton seed meal 
in dry mash, and what were the results?” 
The answer by C. £4. G. is that it will 
discolor the eggs, giving a greenish tinge 
which spoils the sale, adding, “1 do not 
know of any official experiments having 
been made with cotton-seed meal in the 
dry mash, but its effect would be prac¬ 
ticably the same, no matter how it was fed:” 
C. S. <J. has evidently overlooked Bulletin 
211 of the North Carolina Experiment Sta¬ 
tion : “Feeding and Management of Poultry 
for Egg Production,” published in Septem¬ 
ber, 1!)10. The period covered by the test 
was from December 1, 1908, to September 
1, 1909. As it was my privilege to see 
most of tile fowls used in this experiment 
two months after its close, and to talk over 
some features of the test before the results 
were in print, I will summarize the points 
of greatest interest, especially as concerns 
the use of cotton-seed meal. 
The rations were based upon convenient 
farm practice, a whole grain ration of two 
parts corn ami one part wheat was given 
and dry mashes of different compositions 
were used, but contained only corn meal 
and wheat bran or middlings with either 
meat meal or cotton-seed meal as a source 
of protein. The tests were run on dupli¬ 
cate pens for each ration, one pen each of 
Buff and of Barred Plymouth [locks being 
used. The dry mash of pens 20 and 22 con¬ 
sisted of equal parts of cornmeal, wheat 
bran and cotton seed meal. Pens 21 and 23 
had the same with one-half part bone meal 
added. Ten 24 had a mixture- of six 
pounds cotton-seed meal to nine pounds 
cornmeal. 
The table of food consumed shows that 
pen 24 ate cotton-seed meal to the extent 
of 12 per cent, and pens 22 and 23 to the 
extent of 9.4 and 8.8 per cent respectively 
of the entire ration. It will be noted that 
where cotton-seed meal was used at all it 
was used freely, being made to furnish the 
greater part of the protein in each case. 
The mashes thus constituted were not rel¬ 
ished, and the amounts eaten wore small as 
compared with those containing meat meal. 
All the egg yields were small, but the 
cost per dozen was less in a pen of yearling 
Barred Rock bens fed on a cotton seed mix¬ 
ture, Pen 23, than in any other pen in the 
test. Yet these hens weighed less at the 
end of six months of the test than at the 
Btart. 
The pen of Barred Rock pullets which 
were fed on cotton-seed weighed only 3 1-3 
pounds each when the teat began on De¬ 
cember 1, so they must have been late 
chicks or very poorly developed. At the 
end of six months’ feeding they had gained 
less than one pound each, and had laid 
an average of only 2.4.5 eggs each, although 
they must have then been a year old. They 
had been fed for the six months which should 
have been the most productive of their 
lives, at an actual loss of 5 Vj cents each. 
When seen in November of the same 
year this pen was the slenderest, leanest, 
weakest, and worst developed bunch of 
Rocks of 15 months old that I have ever 
seen. The whole flock of Rocks used were 
of a small type, and the yearlings which 
had produced the cheapest eggs hardly had 
a bird of full size. When, after six months 
on cotton-seed, skim-milk was substituted 
In the ration of one of those pens of 
stunted pullets, a gain of 1.29 pounds per 
bird was made within three months and 
at the same time a profit of 30 cents per 
bird was shown, crediting gain in weight 
at 10 cents per pound. 
The moral would seem to be that all 
these hens bad more cotton-seed meal than 
was good for them, yet a consumption of 
this material up to 12 per cent of the total 
food for six months did not kill the fowls 
nor produce definite disorders. Old hens 
stood such feeding better than pullets. 
If the quality of the eggs was injuriously 
affected the man in charge did not mention 
It either in the* bulletin or In our conver¬ 
sation on the subject. Evidently this does 
not dispose of the question though indi¬ 
cating that we would do well to keep the 
proportion down well below 10 per cent 
of the mixture if it Is the principal part 
of the ration. 1 saw a very successful 
ration used last Winter in which a very 
small proportion of cotton seed was evi¬ 
dent—possibly 5 per rent. There is abund¬ 
ant reason to go slow, but no reason why 
it should not be carefully tried. 
Virginia. w. a. nii human. 
to be fair to the hens they ought to be 
credited witli that $12.90 worth used for 
batching, as well as the eggs and chickens 
used for home people. Also, I think the 
breeding stock should be reckoned in. The 
way I look at it, his profits are based on 
what he produces, and the stage of develop¬ 
ment of his product—eggs—when lie mar¬ 
kets it. Some are sold just as eggs, some 
are hatched and sold for meat, and some 
are hatched, fed and kept for layers; it is 
all hen “fruit,” and the hens onght to have 
the credit. It is not a matter of putting 
so many dollars worth of eggs for hatching 
into an inenbator and crediting the hens 
with them at so much per dozen. You are 
only taking those eggs and working them 
up into another shape for market or use, 
all of which costs in labor and feed, and is 
a part of the expense in making the hens 
pay a profit. But what most people are 
after is cash returns and cash profits, tak¬ 
ing the upkeep of tin* flock and the eggs 
at home for granted, 
account stands: 
Dr. 
September 13, 1910— 
To 43 one-year-old hens at 75c.. $32.25 
To 115 pullets at 60c. 69.00 
September 13, 1911— 
To total expenses for feed, labor, 
etc. 202.22 
Total. $303.47 
Cr. 
September 12, 1911 — 
By total income from eggs, fowls, 
etc.$328.48 
By 105 one-year-old hens at 75c. 78.75 
By 142 pullets at 60c. 85.20 
B 
and chickens used 
Let us see how the 
By eggs used for hatching. 
Total. 
12.90 
$505.33 
47 
Balance. $201.86 
Here we are left with a balance of 
$201.86 to the credit of 158 hens and jiul- 
lets for their year’s work, with actual 
cash returns amounting to $126.26. Now, 
for the “per hen per year” part of it; 
easy, isn’t it? .lust divide and we have 
$1.28 per hen profit, of which 70 cents is 
cash. But wait a minute; what about 
that $12.69 worth of eggs houftht for hatch¬ 
ing? Does that knock our calculations out? 
Certainly, the liens on the place never pro- 
dined those eggs or the chickens that grew 
from them, and are a part of the value of 
the pullets credited to them as profits. 
Still, tlie money paid for these eggs was 
made by selling the products of the liens on 
tlie place. Have hens a right to invest 
in this way ami claim the profits to their 
credit? How a I tout it? a. u. 
Lime on Poultry Droppings. 
What will be the effect of mixing air- 
slaked lime with poultry droppings during 
the Winter, to be applied in Spring? Will 
it cause the loss of any of the fertilizing 
qualities of the droppings? Would land 
plaster be better? m. t. m. 
Maryland. 
Mixing such lime with poultry manure Is 
the worst thing you can do. The action of 
tiie slaked lime is to form carbonate of ara- 
monla, which will be lost as a gas. Land 
plaster, on the other hand, would hold the 
ammonia in a solid form so that it would 
not pass off. Do not mix slaked lime or 
wood ashes with hen manure! 
At Mayor Shank’s Thanksgiving poultry 
sale in Indianapolis, November 29, he sold, 
500 live turkeys, 116 dressed turkeys, ISO 
live geese, 100 live dueks, 125 live chick¬ 
ens, lo dozen milk fed dressed chickens and 
20 dozen corn-fed dressed chickens during 
the day. Figures of tlie sales for Tuesday 
and Wednesday were 1,035 live turkeys. 171 
dressed turkeys, 54 dozen dressed chickens 
280 geese, 150 ducks and 300 live chickens, 
a total of 2,584 birds, tile sales aggregat¬ 
ing $3,500. While these birds, of course, 
represented only a small part of the total 
number consumed in the city, the mayor 
believes the sale had the effect of beating 
down retail prices to a point where prac¬ 
tically every family in the city could af¬ 
ford a turkey, chicken, duck or goose oil 
the dinner table. 
Measuring Silage. 
How many tons of corn silage in a silo 18 
feet, inside diameter and 25 feet high (set¬ 
tled solid), cut and put in green? The corn 
is well matured and well eared, of Iowa 
Gold Mine variety. e. l. t. 
New York. 
According to the table issued by silo men 
this one will hold about 116 tons. The 
higher tlie silo the more tlie lower part will 
weigh. The average weight of a cubic foot 
is about 40 pourwls. 
POULTRY COURSE 
THE 15TTI ANNUAL 
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will be held January 3 to February 16 inclusive 
We teach all hranohoH of poultry keeping, ChtHH Work, I>cfc- 
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Terina moderate. Write for partiruluiK. 
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GRIT 
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^Roughest grit on earth. In¬ 
creases egg production. 
k Tho original silica grit. 
, Avoid substitutes. Aak 
your local dealer or 
send $I.«0 for two 
loo-ii). bags f. o. b. cars. Agents wanted. 
EDGE HILL SILICA ROCK CO. 
Box J Now Brunswick, N, J 
MacKellar’s Charcoal 
For Poultry is best. Coarse or fine granulated, also 
powdered. Buy direct from largest, manufacturers of 
Charcoal Products. Ask for prices and samples. Est. 1844 
R. MacKELLAR’S SONS CO., Peekskill, N. Y. 
Grind Your Corn- Husks and All 
Alfalfn.ClovorHay. Wheat ScrmininRH.nheaf 
outA. ryo. Kallir corn* -*whunt, barlay. 
nh«U corn, cotton need, wet, dry or oily are all 
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j^20^E^Road^rowj^Polnt^nd. 
1 
MORE EGGS Thirty Days 
Thirty Days 
Feed your hens green bone, cut with 
a Stearns Pone Cutter. We will lend 
you one to try, free, for the next 30 
days. 1 f your hens don’t lay lots more 
eggs, don’t pny for It. 
Write to-day for catalog and booklet, 
“How to make poultry pay.” 
E.C.StearnsS Co., Box 17 .Strxcuie.N.Y. 
| fin YEARLING WHITE LEGHORN HENS 
IUU and Bullets—White Orpingtons, White Ply. 
’ ’ ’ ’ E. G. TUCKER. 
POULTRY SEED CO RIM 
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left at $2.00 per bnshel. MAPLE GLEN POUL¬ 
TRY FAJIM, MlLLERTON, N. Y. 
POULTRYMFN-^”' 1 - c R,! * ra P fur Illustrated 
‘ u 11,1 " L 1 * Catalog describing 35 varieties. 
EAST DONEGAL POULTRY YARDS MARIETTA, PA. 
0(1 rocs si.no —Leading varieties, 53 breeds. Prize Ponl- 
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tinted descriptive Catalog 10c. F. (1. WILE, Telford, Pa- 
Pullets, Large, Early, Mixed Breeds 
at 80c each in lots of 10 or more, cash with oi’der. 
F. O. B. here. J. HARLAN, R. I). 24, Athens, Pa, 
KEAN’S WHITE WYANDOTTES 
Extra fino Cockerels ready for service, $3.00 each. 
Pullets, $2.00 each. Guaranteed to satisfy the most 
fastidious. A Iso Choice I ml in 11 Runner Drakes, 
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Crystal White Orpingtons !5Ir/ n \VeS n 
Write RAY SCHERMERHORN. Box B. Smith Hammond. N Y. 
BLACK ORPINBTONSSSsSfcSygjSaa! 
Will make excellent breeders and show birds. All 
stock guaranteed and sent on approval. Prices 
reasonable. F. F. ANDREW, Philadelphia, Jeff. Co., N. Y. 
THE FARMER'S FOWL— Rose Comb Reds, best winter 
layers on earth. Eggs, $1.00 per 15. Catalogue 
free. THUS. WILDER, Route 1. Richland, N. Y. 
Rose Comb Reds-Indian Runner Ducks 
High-class breeders and young stock for show, 
utility and export. May return at. my exponso if not 
satisfactory. Sinclair Smith, 602 Filth St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 
Van Alstyne’s Reds and Orpingtons 
A few fine ( ’ockerols for saloat $3.00 each, if taken at 
once. Ebw. van Alstynk & Son. Kinderhook, N. Y. 
SPECIAI (BARRED ROCKS AND PARTRIDGE COCHINS 
Pullets $2.00, Cockerels $3,110 to $5.00. 
flFFFR I ^°me good enough for exhibition, 
Viren 1 and all good utility stock. 
MINCH BROS., Route 2, Bridgeton, N. J. 
Fichpi strain nirppf- WHITE R0CK cqckerels -«2 
riSIICI Oil dill Ulieu to $5. May be returned H 
not satisfactory. Gko. H. Pierce, Allegany, N. Y. 
DARRED ROCKS, Ruuuer Ducks, Toulouse Geese. 
U Bred-to-lay strains. Nelson’s, Grove City, Pa. 
WHITE EM DEN GEESE^gg; 
for rest of December, cash with order, F. O. B. here. 
Maple Cove Poultry Yarbs, R. D. 24, Athens, Pa. 
0 0 IAI LEGHORN PULLETS, one and two year old. 
OiUilli Hens, Cocks and Cockerels. Choico 
stock. John J’. Case & Sons, Clover Hill, N. J. 
COR SALE —Carefully selected, large, vigorous March 
1 hatched S. C. White Loghorn Cockerels, direct 
Corning strain. $2.50 apiece. Orders for 25 or 
more, $2.25. The Emiicott Farm, New Brunswick, N. J. 
SINGLE COMB WHITE LEGHORNS 
Choice lot Yearling liens. Early Pullets and Cock¬ 
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kind. SUNNY HILL FARM, Fteminotoa. N. J. 
Rocks, Rhode Island Reds. u 
Jefferson County, Philadelphia, N. Y. 
Cflflfl ^bigle-Oomhod White Leghorns, Bnrred 
uUUU P'Tmonth Rocks, Imperial Pekin Ducks, 
Bronzo Tin-keys and Guinea Hens at 
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Order at </nre for best, selections. Largest success 
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Agents Cyphers’ Incubators. 
BONNlfi BRAE POULTRY FARM New Rochelle, N. Y. 
S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS^'SVoIl! 
orris for breeding. Price right for quality. 
WHITE & RICE, YOKKTOWN, N. 5. 
S.C.W. Leghorn f»lletrl!^,\W2l!ISSft 
choice stock. John P. Case & Sons. Clover Hill, N. J. 
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Hatching Eggs from selected yearling breeders. 
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B EST WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS, White Wyandotte C’ock 
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Make Your Hens Lay 
Yon can double yonr egg yield l>y feeding fresh-cut, raw liouo. It J 
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taken tlie placo of bugs aud worms In fowls’ diet. That’s why it 
gives more eggs—greater lurtlllty, stronger chicks, larger fowls. 
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r. W, MANS CO.Box IS_MILFORD, MASS. 
“Figuring Profits.” 
Every once in awhile a man just “keep¬ 
ing chickens” ends bis first, second, or 
thirteenth year at the business or the 
pastime as the case may be, or perhaps 
reading of nine and twelve dollar profits per 
lien, gets the notion that Ills wife is making 
too much money! So lie begins figuring, 
and the more he figures the more he won¬ 
ders where he ought to come out. Take, 
for example, the following query : 
“I started in the poultry business two 
years ago, and do not know how to figure 
out the earnings per hen per year. I had 
on September 13, 1910, 43 one-year-old 
bens and 115 six-months old pullets, and 
have on September 13, 1911, 105 old hens 
and 142 pullets. I valued the old hens 
when taking stock at 75 cents and the 
142 pullefs at 60 cents each. My income 
from eggs and chickens sold during the 
year was $328.48. Expenses were $202.22. 
1 did not credit the chickens with $12.90 
worth of eggs I used for hatching, but 
charged them with eggs I bought for hatch¬ 
ing, which was $12.69. When figuring up 
what each hen earned during the year, do 
you credit them only with eggs produced 
and chickens sold, or also with the stock 
they produced ?” 
Now, if the writer could have' taken that 
hunch of hens and pullets and turned out 
nothing but eggs for the year, ami had 
then sold those he had no use for, figuring 
profits would be easy, and no questions 
asked, but lie didn’t. Like most other peo¬ 
ple, be raised a lot of young stock, ;m<l he 
bought eggs for hatching, and now he wants 
the average profit per ben ! I figure that 
A Pretty Girl in a Last Year’s Gown 
Art you proud of your herd of thoroughbreds ? Do you enjoy 
showing them to your friends ? You surely have a fine line of stock. 
Handsome, sanitary, well-ventilated stable ? Floors clean ? 
Ceiling dean ? Mangers clean ? Attendants clean ?—certainly. 
. But the Dress—the Equipment 
Is it up-to-date? Have you good litter carriers, good stanchions, good 
dairy utensils, and a good mechanical milker? Many of the best herds 
in this country are milked by this most modern of dairy devices. We 
manufacture an outfit for milking any number of cows safely, cleanly, 
and expeditiously and designed and built handsomely enough to show 
with the best of your Ayreshirc, Guernsey, Holstein or Jersey pets. 
Give Them a Modern Outfit 
Wc will be glad to give you details and references. 
Catalog “E” on request 
DAIRY SPECIALTY COMPANY, West Chester, Pa. 
Manufacturers of the 
Sharpies Mechanical Milker 
