48 Ed tin. 
XIV. ECHINODERMA. 
cases of hermaphroditism in Echinoderms discussed ; Viguier (312) 
p. 09. — Spermatozoa of Ech. attracted neither by chemical stimuli in 
general nor by a special substance excreted by ova; Buller (49). 
Ova of Toxopneustes and Arbacia \ Wilson (327).—Constitution of 
ovum Holothuria tubulosa ; Rawitz (256) p. 456.—Maturation of 
ovum in Asterias, a critical stage when the membrane of the germin- 
ative vesicle disappears and the nuclear sap diffuses in the cytoplasm; 
Delage (88). 
Centrosomes and Centrioles in segmentation of ovum of Echinus , 
original observations, and criticism of others; Boveri (40) pp. 29-62. 
—Structure of ovum of Strongylocentrotus , and discussion of its 
polarity on basis of experiment; Boveri (41).—Polarity of oocyte, 
ovum, and segmenting ovum of Strongylocentrotus, readily recognized, 
compared with Selenka’s observations on Toxopneustes and Morgan’s 
on Arbacia ; Boveri (43).—Chromosomes not permanent, but number 
is self-regulated; Delage (87).—Importance of nuclear substance in 
segmentation ; Rawitz (256) p. 469. 
Solid morula in Cribrella ; Masterman (202). 
v. Larval Stages: — 
a. General account; Dallinger (80).— Detailed account of forms and 
gross anatomy, with special reference to larvae found N. of 50 3 N. 
lat., so-called n. sp. of Ophiopluteus ; Mortensen (214).—Larvae, 
esp. Auricularia and Ophiopluteus , in Plankton of G. of Trieste, 
March 1899 to July 1900, producing red colour of plankton; Cori 
& Steuer (72) p. 112. 
b. Larvae of Elasipoda, probably Elpidiinae, descr.; Herouard (510) 
p. xlvi. 
c. Impossibility of distribution of larvae by marine currents; Theel 
(297) p. 255.—Developmental origin of processes of Ech. pluteus 
due to an internal stimulus; Herbst (148) pp. 36-38. 
d. Habits of larvae of Asterias , locomotion and migration by tides or 
currents; Mead (207) p. 212.—Development of Cribrella [certain 
statements are corrected in the final work, 1902]; Masterman 
(202). 
vi. Organogeny : — 
a, b. Echinoderma and Holothurioidea :—V acant. 
c. Echinoidea: — 5. Jaw-apparatus of Echinus ; MacBride (196). 
d. Asteroidea :—Vacant. 
e. Ophiuroidea :— 
I. Natural organogeny of Oph. compared with regeneration of 
organs in Amphiura ; Dawydoff (84). 
5. Skeleton ; Hamann (146) p. 873 et sqq.—Development of 
mouth parts in Amphiura ; Zur Strassen (338). 
6. ' Water-vascular system; Hamann (146) p. 875. 
7. Coelom and axial sinus (p. 876), schizocoels in mesenchyme 
(p. 874); Hamann (146). 
II. Axial organ; Hamann (146) p. 874. 
12. Genital system and gonads; Hamann (146) p. 874. 
f. Crinoidea :— 
12. Vide sub ii, b, i, a, 3; Russo (269). 
vii. Post-larval Growth-stages :— 
b. Holothurioidea :—Growth-changes in distrib. of podia in Labido- 
demas semperianum , growth of spicules in Stichopus variegatus , 
Cucumaria nocturna , various age-differences in Laetmogone violacea , 
Cucumaria capensis, Phyllophorus schmdtzi , Aukyroderma daniels- 
seni ; Sluiter (284).—Podia increase and extend with growth so 
