SYSTEMATIC. 
Spong. 41 
Family Axinellida;. 
Acanthella acuta O. S., p. 349 ; A. (?) obtusa 0. S. redescribed, pp. 350 & 
351: Topsent (59). 
Axinella aurantiaca Lend., described; Whitelegge (64) pp. 92, 93 & 65. 
A. cannabina (Esper.) 0. S., redescribed, p. 349; A. cinnamonea 0. S., 
p. 348 ; A. polypoides 0. S., p. 348 ; A. verrucosa (Esper.) 0. S., 
redescribed, pp. 348 & 349: Topsent (59). 
Ciocalypta compressa (Crtr.), described; Whitelegge (64) p. 93, pi. xi, 
fig. 16. 
Halicnemia patera Bwk.; Topsent (59) p. 351. 
“ Hymeniacidon ” angulata Bwk., vide Cliona viridis. 
Phakellia ventilabrum (Johnst.); Kingsley (31) p. 161. P. ventilabrum , 
var. australis Crtr., vide Clathria typica ; Whiteaves (63) p. 18. 
Raspailia atropurpurea Crtr., and R. bifurcata Ridl. [placed under 
Ectyoninaf\\ Whitelegge (64) p. 92. R. gracillima Tops.; Topsent 
(59) p. 351. 
(c) Incerta: Sedis. 
Heteroraphidites , n. g. of Monaxonida, allied to certain Choristid genera, 
and thus a connecting link between Monaxonida and Tetractinellida, 
p. 17 & 18; f//. spongiosus , n. sp., from Quadrata-chalk of Oberg, 
pp. 18 & 21, pi. iii, fig. 5, pi. v, fig. 9: Schrammen (50). 
t Trichospongia hystrix WTiiteaves; Dowling (19) pp. 48f & 75f. 
(iii) KERATOSA. 
(a) DICTYOCERATINA. 
Family Sponghle. 
Chalinopsilla arborea var. macropora Lend., p. 94 ; C. dichotoma Lend., 
p. 94 ; C. impar (Crtr.), p. 93 : Whitelegge (64). 
Coscinoderma densa , for Spongelia farlovii , var. densa Hyatt, described, 
pp. 101-104, pi. xiii, figg. 24 & 24a ; G. lanuginosa Crtr., compared 
with C. densa , p. 102 : Whitelegge (64). 
Euplacella rnollissima Lend., description of type specimen corrected; 
Whitelegge (65) p. 215. 
Euspongia discus D. & M. in commerce, p. 56; E. illawarra , n. sp., from 
coastal beaches, N. S. W., pp. 97 & 98, pi. xii, fig. 19, its economic 
value, p. 56; E. irregularis var. areolata , n. var., from Lake Illawarra, 
N. S. W., pp. 96 & 97, pi. xii, fig. 18, its economic value, p. 56: 
Whitelegge (64). E. irregularis var. ramodigitata , n. var., from La 
Calle, Coast of Algeria, resembles in external characters var . jacksoniana 
Lend.; Topsent (59) pp. 359-361, pi. xiii, fig. 3, pi. xiv, figg. 3 & 4. 
E. irregidaris var. silicata Lend., described, pp. 95, 96 & 117, pi. xii, 
figg. 17 & 17a, its economic value, p. 56; Whitelegge (64). E. 
officinalis var. adriatica (0. S.) Lend.; Topsent (59) p. 359. E. 
officinalis var. dura Lend., described; Whitelegge (64) pp. 99 & 118, 
pi. xii, fig. 20 : note on British Museum type; Whitelegge (65) p. 212. 
E. officinalis var. exigua F. E. S.; Topsent (59) p. 359. E. officinalis 
varr. rnollissima , adriatica , nitens, exigua , lamella , and arabica , de¬ 
scription and distribution; Seurat (52) pp. 262-264. E. officinalis 
