32 
THE CULTIVATOR 
Jan. 
Hates for t|e Hoitth. 
Increased Demand for Tile. —Mr. Johnston al¬ 
luded, in our last no., to the greatly increased demand 
for tile in Western New-York the past season, and we 
are informed that Messrs. C. & W. M’Cammon, tile 
manufacturers of this city, have sold this season 750,- 
000 tile, being an increase of about one-half over the 
sales of the previous year. We took a walk last week 
to the works of these gentlemen, whose energy in call¬ 
ing public attention to the subject of Draining, and 
their close personal attention to the manufacture and 
sale of Tiles, have at length rendered unusually exten¬ 
sive accommodations necessary to enable them prompt¬ 
ly to meet their orders. They employ five machines, 
and have two kilns, which are burnt about once a week 
during the warmer months. The past season they 
have used coal instead of wood for fuel, their previous 
experience enabling them to control the heat from this 
source, equally well, while at the same time it is a 
measure of considerable economy. They use steam 
power to grind the clay. They have now three capa¬ 
cious sheds in which the tile are dried before burning,— 
containing in the neighborhood of 22,000 feet of shelv¬ 
ing, or nearly four viiles. They propose putting up 
another this winter which will add 6,600 feet to the 
above amount. They have a large stock of tile on hand 
to meet the spring demand, and expect to refit their 
establishment before the weather becomes warm enough 
to begin the manufacture again. 
Messrs. M’C. have been e'ngaged some time in per¬ 
fecting a steam engine for the manufacture of tile,— 
combining boiler and all in one machine, and calcula¬ 
ted to turn out some 25,000 pieces of tile per diem , 
with only four hands, one to supply the clay, a second 
to feed it, and the third and fourth to remove the tile 
as fast as turned out. Should they succeed, as we trust 
they may, in making it realize their present expecta¬ 
tions, it can scarcely fail to repay the expense and 
trouble they have devoted to it. 
Profits of Farming —I would send you a few re¬ 
marks on the profits of farming, accompanied by some 
facts, but I thought probably you would not think them 
worth publishing, as you seem to regard it as a fixed 
fact that farming is or can be made a profitable busi¬ 
ness, by bringing to its aid a proper share of intelli¬ 
gence. I believe with Mr. Bagg, that farming does 
not generally pay. What I mean, and I suppose he 
means, is they do not in general make their living and 
clear the legal interest on the capital invested, j. w. l. 
We do not need facts to prove that many farmers do 
not make money by farming. The evidence of this 
truth is too manifest in all sections of our country. 
What we maintain is, that it is, in general, the fault 
of the men engaged in it, and not in the business itself. 
There is no profession or business, whether of trade or 
labor, that may not be shown to be unprofitable if the 
proof of it is to be found in the failure of many of 
those engaged in it to make money. A portion of all 
professional men, and of all those engaged in trade, 
manufactures, and the mechanic arts, make money by 
their business, while a much larger portion “ do not 
make a living, and clear the legal interest on the cap¬ 
ital invested.” So it is with farmers—a portion of them 
find farming profitable, while others do not. But we be¬ 
lieve that if the facts could be ascertained, it would be 
found that at least as large a portion of farmers find 
their business profitable as of those engaged in other 
occupations. - 
Ag. Addresses. —A correspondent of the N. E. Far¬ 
mer, asks the following pertinent questions : “Why 
do our agricultural societies employ lawyers to write 
and deliver the addresses at their annual fairs 7 Are 
there no farmers who are qualified to write, and who 
know and can tell us as much about agricultural inte¬ 
rests as lawyers 7” We have no objection to lawyers 
or any other professional men, provided they have a 
taste for agriculture, and know enough about it to en¬ 
lighten their hearers upon the subject; but for our 
own part, we should greatly prefer to listen to the re¬ 
marks of a sensible practical farmer, who could detail, 
in a style however homely, the results of his own obser¬ 
vation and experience, rather than to an essay on the 
history of agriculture, or the laudation of rural life, 
however eloquent it might be, and we hope the time is 
not distant, when our County Ag. Societies will make it 
a rule tos elect for their speakers men who know “where¬ 
of they speak.” There are few counties whjch cannot 
furnish men, from amoDg their own ranks, competent 
to address an assemblage of farmers intelligently and 
profitably. - 
Liquid Manure. —In his letter in tins paper, Mr. 
John Johnston having alluded to the “immense loss 
from liquids running from his barn-yards,” and which 
he has been unable to save, we give the plan pursued 
by Dr. Crispell, one of the best farmers on the Hud¬ 
son. In the fall, his barn-yard, which is mostly pro¬ 
tected by good sheds, is entirely cleared of manure, 
after which it is covered to the depth of six or eight in¬ 
ches with straw. Upon this straw the stock is wintered 
when out of the stalls, and upon it the bedding and 
manure from the stables is spread daily during the 
winter, and such straw and refuse stuff is added as is 
found necessary to keep the animals clean. In this 
way the manure and straw is tread sufficiently com¬ 
pact to induce, with the urine from the stock yarded 
upon it, a gentle fermentation, which prevents it from 
freezing. Thus every particle of the manure, both 
liquid and solid, from the sheep and such stock as is 
not put in the stalls at night, is saved, and well incor¬ 
porated with the straw and refuse matter thrown into 
the yard. - 
Spreading Manure in Fall and Winter. —In ad¬ 
dition to what is said by Mr. Clark, in his paper on 
this subject, on another page, we may add that we 
learned from Wm. H. Ladd, Esq., late President of the 
Ohio State Board of Agriculture, in a. conversation with 
him a year or two since, that it had been his practice 
for some years, to draw out and spread his manure 
during the latter part of winter. He adopted this 
course, after having convinced himself that the ma¬ 
nure thus applied was more effectual than when spread 
in the spring and immediately plowed under. The 
question is an important one — one upon which more 
carefully conducted experiments are needed. 
Ducks and Cranberries —D. L. Halsey, Esq., of 
Victory, Cayuga Co , will please accept editorial thanks 
for a pair of plump black Cayuga Ducks, in the form 
best adapted to practically test their quality—flanked 
by a case of beautiful large Cranberries, which speak 
as well for his mode of raising them, as their com- 
