1858. 
THE CULTIVATOR 
215 
North Carolina—a kind which bids fair to become one 
of considerable value through the South, although I did 
not learn that it is yet known by any distinctive name. 
The farm buildings on the place are very neat, com¬ 
modious, and extensive—including a stone barn built 
in the best style, with slate roof, and plastered through¬ 
out in the inside, in order to keep out dampness, ver¬ 
min, &c. Its dimensions are 47 feet by 97, and there 
are above large bays for unthrashed grain and hay, and 
on either side a granary that will contain three or four 
thousand bushels, while beneath, an airy and comfort¬ 
able basement is planned to accommodate 52 head of 
cattle, in a very convenient way for their attendants 
and themselves—the hay and other feed being distri¬ 
buted to them all at the least possible distance of car¬ 
riage, while it is calculated to litter them so as to avoid 
the necessity of frequently cleaning out the floor The 
food for the mules and cows is ground in the proportion 
of one bushel of oats to two of corn and cobs, and one 
of wheat bran. A bushel of this mixture, stirred up 
with one and a half of the chaff, either of wheat or oats, 
and just moistened with water, will answer for the 
morning or evening meal of half a dozen mules, and 
when plowing, they also receive a feed of corn in the 
ear at noon. Chaff is thought to be of much value for 
feed, and to exert a beneficial Medicinal effect in the 
spring. 
At right angles with this barn, there is a range of 
stone stables 110 feet long and 20 wide, with room above 
for feed, and Mr. Carroll proposes to erect upon the 
third side of the square a building 110 by 42, for feed¬ 
ing cattle for the butcher—so planned that the deposits 
shall be removed by a horse and cart about once a week, 
and that the stock may be otherwise attended to with 
the least expenditure of time and labor. The part of 
the corn-stalk above the ears is used for foddering the 
cattle in the yards, and the husks are considered equal 
to hay for feeding, but are not used for the purpose, as 
they command too high a price in the city, where they 
find a ready market for filling mattrasses, &c. 
Besides the buildings mentioned, there is one just 
outside of the square, open below on one side as shelter 
for the farm wagons, and above used as a corn-house. 
An old barn near by is used for storing straw. 
Tine Cots wolds. 
The stock on the place includes some valuable hor¬ 
ses, (among them a bay stallion of fine promise two years 
old, and now 15£ hands high,) but that part of it per¬ 
haps most thought of and highly prized, is the sheep— 
a beautiful flock of Cotswolds, to the breeding of which 
Mr. C. senior has for some years devoted himself with 
untiring care. Among more recent additions to their 
number are a buck imported at a cost of $350 in 1854, 
another imported for Mr. C. by Col. Ware, costing $250, 
and six imported ewes, at an aggregate price of $832.- 
26, or an average to each of $138 71. The flock now 
contains about 40 ewes and 20 bucks, some of the lat¬ 
ter of which readers have been already informed 
through our advertising columns, will now be disposed 
of—offering a rare opportunity to procure some of the 
best blood of the breed in the country. Possessing in a 
high degree the characteristics of their breed—large 
and well made frames, full and handsome fleeces, ex¬ 
panded ribs, and broad overhanging rumps—the males 
are of unquestioned value in increasing the size of the 
ordinary sheep and bringing the mutton to early ma¬ 
turity. They are also hardy, and the quality of the 
meat, although thought by the critical somewhat coarse 
and not well intermingled of fat and lean, is not suffi¬ 
ciently objectionable to render it the less marketable 
on this account. We saw a fine lot of six-weeks lambs, 
which would already weigh 80 to 90 pounds, while the 
full grown will reach an average of 250. The ewes 
will shear in common cases about eight pounds of wool, 
and the bucks twelve—which sells unwashed for the 
Boston market, at 20 to 25 cts. per lb. 
-• a »- 
Winter Barley for Winter Pasture. 
Messrs. Eds.— I wish to obtain information in re¬ 
gard to winter barley as a substitute for rye for graz¬ 
ing and feeding purposes. It is highly recommended 
by numerous gentlemen who have used it in California, 
where it is raised extensively for pasture and forage. 
How does it compare with rye as grazing for young 
stock, and for feeding in the grain or in the sheaf, or 
cut up, i. e , is it equal or superior to rye, quantity and 
quality considered 7(a) What kind of winter barley is 
best? How much should be sown to the acre, and 
when 7 (b) If sown in August, or very early, will it 
joint before winter 1 Will it stand the winter equal to 
wheat or rye 7 Will it bear grazing equal to either of 
these, and how long or late should it be grazed and 
make a good crop 7(c) What is the best mode of feed¬ 
ing it 7(d) I should not have troubled you on this sub¬ 
ject, but I have never seen any thing in the Country 
Gentleman, or any other paper, that gives the above 
information. John H. Estill. Glasgow , Missouri. 
Winter barley is little grown in this section, and then 
for the grain and not for winter grazing. So we must 
leave a portion of the above inquiries for our Western 
readers to answer, availing ourselves of the informa¬ 
tion furnished by a Southern Indiana farmer, (Patent 
Office Report, 1853,) to throw some light on the sub¬ 
ject. From what we know of the two grains, we should 
think barley would compare favorably with rye in every 
respect—yield more bushels of grain, and having a 
broader leaf and greater amount of foliage, furnish 
more pasture. The grain is equally nutritious, weight 
for weight with rye, and the dry straw is much better 
liked by most animals. 
(а) “ The green grain offers an excellent pasture dur¬ 
ing winter, especially for colts and calves, as they in¬ 
jure the ground less by tramping than old stock.” 
(б) “From one to one and a half bushels per acre, 
is sown the last of August or first of September, among 
. the standing corn, and covered with a light plow or cul¬ 
tivator. Some farmers, when the corn will admit, plow 
it one way and cross with the cultivator.” 
(e) “ It is better to manage the feeding (on account 
of tramping,) so that the stocks will not be on the lands 
after the winter frost is out of the ground.” 
(d) “ Barley ripens with us (in Indiana) the last of 
June. The straw is saved for winter feeding of cattle, 
and answers well for horses when cut and fed with the 
grain crushed into coarse meal. Barley is also valu¬ 
able for hogs, ground and soured in swill, or soaked in 
water until fully swollen, before feeding.” 
-►*.- 
§3F" There is no economy like the economy of doing 
every thing thoroughly. More profit can be realized 
from one acre well manured and thoroughly cultivated, 
than from two but half prepared for seeding. 
