1858. 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
301 
for human food. It might he used more extensively 
in this country with advantage both as to health and 
economy; and it probably will be so in the course of a 
few years. Among the several modes of employing 
barley for human food, we find one f avorably noticed in 
the recently published treatise, entitled “ The Farm” 
by Fowler & Wells, in the following language:—“In 
the form of pearl barley, which is the small round part 
of the kernel that remains after the skin and a part of 
the seed are ground off, it is excellent when cooked in 
the same way as rice—either simply boiled or in pud¬ 
dings.” A trial of this might be easily made, and 
would be relished, we pi-esume, by not a few. 
But we are wandering a little from our main object 
in taking pen in hand at the present time, which was 
to give a compendious statement of the results of the 
most recent and reliable analyses which have been 
made of this grain, and to show from its composition 
that it deserves a higher rank than is usually assigned 
to it as an article of food, whether for man or beast. 
Any one who will compare the composition of barley 
with that of other grains, will see that it bears a high 
place in nutritive value. In the proportion of albu¬ 
minous compounds it stands on a level with wheat 
grown in the same climate ; and as the nutritive value 
of grains and other food is usually estimated according 
to the proportion of these compounds rather than ac¬ 
cording to that of the starch and other respiratory ele¬ 
ments contained in them, it follows that barley has not 
hitherto been estimated as highly as it deserves to be. 
Twenty analyses of different kinds of barley were 
recently made by Dr. Anderson, Chemist to the High¬ 
land and Agr. Soc. of Scotland, the details and results 
of which have just been published in the Transactions 
of the Society. From these it appears the average 
amount of oil in barley is about four per centum ;— 
that the albuminous compounds (gluten, albumen, &e ,) 
or nitrogenous constituents ranging from about 7 to 
about 11, have a mean of about 8 50, which approaches 
very closely to 8 75, the number deduced from four 
analyses by Mr. Lawes; and that the amount of re¬ 
spiratory elements (starch, sugar, &c.,) was very near¬ 
ly 67 per cent., including the oil which, as above stated, 
amounted by itself to about four per centum. 
A comparison of these results of the most recent and 
reliable analyses known to us, with those of former in¬ 
vestigators of the composition of this and other grains 
used as food, may afford some conclusions of an inter¬ 
esting and also of an instructive nature. 
-o-e ♦- 
The Bots in Horses. 
Eds. Co. Gent. —Permit me through the columns of 
your valuable paper, to make known a remedy for 
“Bots” which I regard as much of a “specific” in 
that disease, as pink root or Fahnestock’s Vermifuge 
for worms in children. 
Sulphuric ether, two ounces, 
Laudanum, two drachms, 
Warm water sweetened, one quart. 
Drench the animal, and repeat the dose if necessa¬ 
ry in an hour, to be followed two or three hours after¬ 
wards, with a good dose of linseed oil. And if the 
above remedy should prove as successful in the hands 
of others as it has with me, many fine horses will bo 
spared to die of old age. Bullitt. Shepardsville , Ky 
Transplanting Small Trees. 
It has been a very general, almost universal desire 
among tree-planters, to have large-sized trees from 
the nursery One person about to set out an orchard, 
wrote, “ Send me man trees. I do not want puny lit¬ 
tle children—but large, full-grown specimens.” An¬ 
other said, “ I want the largest trees you have—I don’t 
care much what kind they are—but give me tall ones 
—if a rod high, all the better.” “But,” the nursery¬ 
man replied, “ smaller ones will be better in five years 
than these.” “I don’t care, I want big ones; I may 
not live five years, and I want fruit now.” Three or 
four years after, the same planter called again. With¬ 
out waiting for an inquiry, the nurseryman immediate¬ 
ly remarked, “ Well, I have some fine large trees 
which I can furnish.” “Don’t want ’em ! don’t want 
’em !” was the answer, “ I’ve had enough of large trees 
—they have cost me ten times as much labor to set out 
as the small ones I took from necessity. They have 
not grown one inch ; are just the same size I bought 
them, although I have doctored them and nursed them, 
and they have borne me only a very few of half-grown 
worthless fruit. The small trees have already outstrip¬ 
ped them, and have begun to bear large, excellent 
specimens.” 
These experiments have now become so numerous 
that a change in the opinion of planters has generally 
taken place, in relation to the size of trees. Where 
twelve feet were formerly demanded as a desirable 
height, five or six feet are now quite as satisfactory, 
and some find still smaller ones to do better. At a 
meeting of the Fruit Growers’ Society of Western 
New-York, held at Rochester a year ago, this subject 
was fully discussed, and none, who had ever tried the 
experiment with large and small trees side by side, 
could be found who preferred the former. Many in¬ 
stances were related, and in every case without excep¬ 
tion (good culture being given,) the small trees soon 
outgrew the others, and were not only larger, but in¬ 
comparably more vigorous and thrifty. Two year ap¬ 
ple trees and one-year peach trees were preferred by 
some of the best cultivators present, to any of larger 
dimensions. And in addition to these advantages, 
the smaller trees are almost sure to survive transplant¬ 
ing, with scarcely a loss of one in a thousand ; while 
the extra large ones, the roots of which must be great¬ 
ly mutilated in removal, die by scores. The labor of 
digging up the large trees, the cost of transportation 
on them, and the cost of resetting them, are all se¬ 
veral times greater than with smaller ones. Where 
they are to be sent some distance by railroad, the in¬ 
creased cost of conveyance, as well as in risk, and in 
packing, is greater than a hasty observer can have 
any idea of. A tree, for example, which is twice the 
height and diameter of another, is greater in weight 
in a cubic ratio. If a hundred of the smaller weigh two 
hundred pounds, one hundred of the larger will weigh 
eight hundred pounds, or nearly half a ton—tho cube 
of two being eight. A single season’s growth will of¬ 
ten make this difference in the nursery—hut many 
years, after being checked by removal when large. 
There seems, indeed, to be every reason why trees 
should be removed small, and every thing against the j 
practice of leaving the work til! they attain large size. 
Sir Joshua Reynolds said if he were to paint a picture 
of Folly, it would be by representing a boy climbing 
