1 
under the rafters, and the vacancy filled with straw ; 
they tell me to try packing my ice in saw dust but 
how can I do that, without its dropping through with 
the water and stopping up the lead pipe 7 I have had 
nothing the past season between the weather boards 
and lining. I though I would fill the vacancy with 
saw dust. Any information before ice time will be 
thankfully received. The house is ventilated at top. 
E. Oliphant. New-Jersey. 
Lime or Concrete Brick. —I have seen some men¬ 
tion made in your valuable monthly of the lime or 
concrete brick; can you or some of your correspon¬ 
dents tell me how they are made, and what sort of 
apparatus is necessary'? What is the cost of the ma¬ 
chine, where can it be had, &c7 S. W. H. Tennessee 
Inquiry.—I have a fine Devon cow thathas a horny 
hoof; that is, the hoof has grown very long and turns 
up like a buck’s horn. Can you or any of your sub¬ 
scribers inform me of any remedy through the columns 
of your valuable paper 7 S. L. P. Wadesville , Va. 
Will you please inform me to what crops sheep ma¬ 
nure is best adapted 7 B. F. Davenport. San Luis 
Obispo , Cal. [Sheep manure is similar to common 
stable manure, except in being finer in texture and 
more concentrated. Hence it may be applied to any 
crops that are benefitted by ordinary manure, only in 
less quantity, as it is about three times as powerful as 
common farm-yard dung] 
Thomas’ “ Farm Management.” —Please inform 
me, through the Cultivator , if “ J. J. Thomas’ Prize 
Essay on Farm Management,” is on sale, and if so 
by whom, and at what price. G. K. 0. [An enlarged, 
re-written and illustrated edition of this excellent es¬ 
say will appear in The Illustrated Annual Register 
for 1859, which will soon be ready and for sale at this 
office—price 25 cents. 
Hedges and Screens. —A correspondent wishes to 
know the difference between a hedge and a screen. A 
hedge is a living fence , and may be made of any 
1 thorny tree, or of evergreens, provided it will serve as 
a barrier against intruders. A screen may be in a line 
like a hedge, or planted irregularly ; it serves only as 
a shelter from wind, or to shield unsightly objects from 
the sight. 
Sour Milk. —Will you be so kind as let me know 
(if possible) why milk of the same milking will get 
thick, when some will be hardly sour 7 I have thought 
that it might be in different positions, but I find that 
makes no difference. M. A. Arnold. [The same 
thing is often observed. It may be owing to some im¬ 
purities hastening fermentation. A pan which has 
previously contained sour milk or other acid substance, 
even if washed with some care, might still have a mi¬ 
nute portion, enough to start the souring process. 
Hence the importance of the utmost cleanliness.] 
Inquiries — Hay Caps — Tile—Books. —I noticed 
in the April Cultivator, an article on the value of hay- 
caps, and the experience of some New-England far¬ 
mers on their use, but none of them stated whether 
they used any application, either oil or paint, on them. 
Now we wish some one would inform us through the 
columns of the Cultivator, if any application is neces¬ 
sary or not (1) Also, I wish to know the nearest place 
to Wyoming county that drain tile are made, and the 
names of those manufacturing them (2 ) Also I would 
propose that you occasionally publish a list of such 
books as you have for sale, in The Cultivator. Have 
you Milburn and Stevens on the Cow and Dairy Hus¬ 
bandry, and Munn’s Practical Land Drainer 7(3.) D. 
Bostwick. Eagle , Wyoming Co ., N. Y. [1. Will 
some of our subscribers who have had full experience 
with hay caps, please answer the inquiry. 2. Drain- 
tile is made in many places in western New-York, but 
as the manufacturers do not advertise, we cannot say 
which is nearest to Wyoming county. There are three 
tile factories in Union Springs, for example, but they 
are unknown abroad for the reason stated—one at Pal¬ 
myra, another at Waterloo, East Bloomfield, Ac. 3 
Munn’s Land Drainer is sent by mail, postage paid, 
for 50 cents, and Milburn for 25 cents, by A. 0. Moore, 
publisher, New-York.] 
Plants to an Acre. —In your August Cultivator, I 
noticed an account of 7,200 heads of cabbage raised 
on an acre, planted one yard apart each way. Will 
you please inform me by what mathematical process I 
can put that number of hills on one acre, and have 
them three feet apart each way. Wm. T. Smith. [We 
must refer this question to our correspondent, Mr. Side- 
botham, on whose authority the statement was pub¬ 
lished. There was evidently an error in the statement, 
and we think it probable that the cabbages were plant¬ 
ed three feet by two, instead of three feet by three, as 
stated, as this would give the number of plants named.] 
Bainl>ridge Town Fair. 
The second annual fair or cattle show of the “ Bain- 
bridge Agricultural Society,” was held at the village 
of Afton, on the 8th and 9th of the present month. 
This Society has, in the village of Afton, leased a piece 
of land for a term of years, for the purpose of holding 
their fair at this place each alternate year. They 
have enclosed it with a suitable fence, and erected a 
substantial Floral Hall. With a surplus of funds on 
hand, and a mutual good feeling established between 
the villages of Bainbridge and Afton, this society may 
now be considered a permanent institution. 
The fair was all the most sanguine could have wish¬ 
ed. The weather was clear and beautiful. The entire 
stock of the town seemed to have turned out, “ en 
masse,” to assist in celebrating these, our farmer’s holi¬ 
days. At an early hour not a pen or post on the 
spacious grounds was unoccupied. Floral Hall wag 
soon filled with mammoth pumpkins, beets, &c. The 
show of fruits and vegetables was superior. Mr. E. 
Garrett’s case of apples, containing 56 varieties from 
his own orchard, attracted much attention. The large 
ripe purple grapes from the grounds of Col. R. W. 
Juliand, showed that this tempting fruit can with pro¬ 
per care, be successfully grown even in this northern 
latitude. The beautiful specimens of embroidery, bed- 
quilts, &c., proved that the fair hands of the farmers’ 
daughters had not been idle during the past 12 months. 
Many specimens of rich yellow butter and cheese 
proved the same. Well polished plows and other 
mplements glistened in the bright sunshine. Messrs. 
Aultman and Miller’s “Buckeye Mower” was follow¬ 
ed by many admiring eyes, while showing its lightness 
of draft, and its capabilities of easy transportation. 
The rush that followed the entrance of two thorough¬ 
bred bulls, brought to mind the old sporting proverb, 
,‘ blood will tell.” One was the Short-Horn Bull Sul- J 
tan, (2270|, 3d vol. A. H. Book,) now two years old, ^ 
weighing but little less than 2,000 lbs. He was bred v 
by F. M. Rotch, Esq. of Otsego Co., and now owned by y 
