AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
394 
Contents of This Number. 
[Articles marked with a star (*) are illustrated; the fig¬ 
ure with the star indicates the number of illustrations.] 
Alpaca Farming.— Alfred Trumble .5*..406 
Arbitration as a Means of Avoiding Litigation.— 
H. A. Haigh .411 
Barn, Costing $900 to $1,000.— John Moirison , Jr. 4*. .405 
Beans, Regarding.414 
Bee Notes for September .407 
Black Walnut, Cultivating the.408 
Blackberries, Thornless. 401 
Blister-beetles in the Garden.*..414 
Bloat, Beware of.410 
Bones, Save the.400 
Box, A Convenient.*..404 
Boys and Girls Columns;—T he Four-Leaf Clover; 
The Doctor's Correspondence :—How Many Weeds 
Do You Know ? The Egg Pig: Prepare for the 
Holidays; The Doctor’s Talks;—Raising Butter¬ 
flies... .12*..418-420 
Bulbs, Planting Dutch.395 
Cart, A Cheap Ensilage.*..412 
Celery Management.413 
Chickens Secured. *..412 
Corn, White and Yellow. 401 
Cotton, Gathering, Bolls.*..395 
Currants of the Shop.401 
Jidgings, Brick and Tile, for Gravel Walk.2*..415 
Elder as a Weed..39S 
Farm Work for September.*..394 
Farming Pays.—A Practical Illustration.393 
Feldspar, About.400 
Fences for Poultry Yards.— P. B. Jacobs .3*..410 
Five-Acre Farm. 411 
Forests, Preserving, Against Fire.—A. B. Allen .413 
Foxes, State vs. Town Bounty Against.— JVm. Clift ..405 
Fires and Fireplaces.403 
Fruit Picker.'.3*..412 
Fruit Trees, Overladen.*..414 
Fruits, California. 401 
Gas Lime in the Garden.400 
Gooseberries, Diseased.399 
Hedges.—A Disbeliever in Hedges.— F. Grundy .3*. .413 
Hen Lice, Remedy for.395 
Household: —Don’t Leave the Table; Hints for the 
Sick Room ; A Seat in the Grove - Splasher for the 
Washstand; Cooking Vegetables Poorly; Conveni¬ 
ent Baking Table; “German Toast’’; Grasses for 
Winter; Canning Fruit; Arranging Flowers in the 
House.6*..416-417 
Indian Farming in North Carolina.*..408 
Lavender Flowers and other Aromatics,.415 
Leaves and their Labor.2*. .403 
Lily, Large-Flowered Plantain .*. .414 
Livestock Notes.394 
Manure, Care of, in Summer.— il. C. Weld .396 
Mange in Swine.400 
Meadows, Make Permanent— F. D. Curtis, .413 
Melon Seeds, Save Your.400 
Merinos, Then and Now..2*..396 
Milk Testers, Concerning.408 
Notes, Editorial. .4*..402 
Onion, The Tree or Rocambole.*..410 
Onions in Autumn.>.395 
Orchard, A New.397 
Orchards Planted in Autumn.412 
.Peach Crop, Abundant.399 
Pickle Farming.414 
Pigs, Raising Thorough-bred .—Joseph Harris .403 
Pipes, Wooden Water.399 
Poultry Cholera. *..410 
Plants for Next Spring.395 
Protection in the Garden.. .. .3*..398 
Quince, Diseases of— W. W. Meech .2*..397 
Bake, Improved Bush. .*. .399 
Rose-Bugs, Diverting the .415 
Roses in Winter.395 
Shed, A Desirable Milking— L. D. Snook .*..411 
Soil Temperatures— W. E. Stone .*..404 
Stool, Milking Attachment.*..397 
Storing for Winter.414 
Strawberries, Planting.395 
Ticks, Concerning .*..410 
Traces, for Lead Horses.399 
Trees, Shelter Belt for.. ...411 
Vine Growing, False Alarm.:. .. .408 
Weeds, Utilizing. 396 
Wheat—How Much Seed per Acre— J. M. Stahl .397 
Wheat, “ The White Russian ”.. 401 
Window Gardens.415 
See reading- pages in tile last 
form of this paper, among the ud> 
-reraising pages, for important 
editorial and business announce¬ 
ments, for latest market intelli¬ 
gence, exposures of new fraudu¬ 
lent schemes, and for other matter. 
The fitting of the grouud for any crop is of the 
greatest importance. Wheat and rye, sown this 
month, require a rich, mellow soil. Well-rotted 
manure should be liberally applied, either before 
or after plowing. The more thoroughly this plant 
food is mixed through the soil, the quicker the 
young grain will obtain a vigorous growth. The 
harrow and roller need to be used until all the 
clods have been reduced to small size. The roller 
should not pass after the seed is sown, leaving the 
surface packed hard, in which state it will crust 
over after the first rain. The somewhat ridged 
surface left by the grain drill also helps to hold the 
snow, and prevent winter-killing. Only tho best, 
plump grains of a superior variety of wheat should 
be sown. It is profitable to pay three times the 
market price for a fine quality of seed. The 
amount to be sown per acre depends much upon 
the thoroughness of preparation and the strength 
of the seed. Under the best conditions, only a 
few quarts of seed are needed, but, as a general 
rule, a bushel is sufficient, if sowed with a good 
drill. A light coat of rich and finely divided ma¬ 
nure may be placed on the surface after sowing, 
with excellent effect. A heavy rain may closely 
follow upon the seeding, and therefore plow out 
the courses for the water at once. 
The work in the root field consists in keeping 
the ground free from weeds, and pulling the super¬ 
fluous roots for the cows. The great error in grow¬ 
ing turnips, beets, etc., is in not thinning them 
sufficiently. White turnips may still be sown if 
the ground is rich. Potato stubble, treated with 
fine manure, will usually yield a paying crop. 
Early sown beets and mangels may be harvested 
this month. Place the roots in long heaps, with 
straw over them, and afterwards take them to the 
root cellar, or cover the heaps with earth, to pro¬ 
tect the roots from freeziug. The roots should 
not heat at any time while stored. 
Cut Buckwheat before the frosts injure it. The 
grain shells easily, therefore the crop should be cut 
when the dew is on. After curing for a few days, 
the grain is ready to be threshed. Buckwheat, as it 
comes from the threshing machine, will heat badly 
if placed in large heaps; therefore spread the 
grain over the barn floor or other surface to dry. 
Beaus are injured by heavy rains, and should be 
pulled and stacked so soon as they are ripe. In 
pulling, leave the vines in rows for a time to cure, 
and if a storm approaches, they can be placed in 
[September,. 
stacks around poles driven in the ground. A straw 7 
cover should be placed over each stack. 
The earliest varieties of field corn will be ready 
for cutting this month. Corn should be cut so 
soon as the grain is glazed ; the stalks are best for 
fodder if cut at this time. Seed corn should have- 
been selected before this, but if not, let some o£ 
the best stalks stand uncut with their ears of corn 
for future planting. The shocking needs to be 
done with care. If the stalks are’poorly set and 
improperly tied, the shocks fall, the grain and. 
fonder both suffer, and the husking is more diffi¬ 
cult. Willow or other twigs may be used for 
securely tying the shocks of corn. 
Potatoes are best dug so soon as ripe. If left in. 
the earth, they may start into growth or become, 
affected with the much dreaded rot. It is well to 
sort the potatoes as they are gathered, excluding 
all unfit for the table. 
Notes on Live Stock. 
A ran in the pasture at night is much relished 
by the work horses, but the regular ample stall 
feed should be given them before being turned 
out.. The feet of horses are the most exposed 
parts, and should be carefully watched for any dis¬ 
order which may come. The whole surface of the 
animal needs to be kept in a healthful condition by 
frequent sponging and grooming. Add a few 
drops of carbolic acid to the sponge-water. Colts 
need a few oats daily, and a shady pasture. Cows 
in milk should have a liberal feed, that they may 
not fall off now. Fodder corn is excellent to piece: 
out the short pastures, and a good patch of it. 
should be found on every dairy farm. A small, 
quantity of bran or meal may be used with the- 
fodder corn with profit. Do not forget that a. 
plenty of cool, pure water is essential to each ani¬ 
mal, especially as the herbage of the pasture does, 
not now afford the abundant juices of the early 
spring growth. 
Sheep-may do good service in clearing up fields 
from which crops have been removed. They are: 
fond of the leaves and small roots left in the root 
field after harvest. Ewes which are to bear lambs; 
should have good feed, as this does much to insure; 
strong offspring. Pigs need space for free move¬ 
ment, an abundance of fresh air, and good whole¬ 
some food without stint. A coat of whitewash 
applied to every part of the sty is very cleansing j 
it may be quickly applied through a force pump. 
Make the same application to the poultry house. 
Not too Late for a Crop. 
A most useful crop of turnips has been raised by 
sowing the seed even as late as the middle of Sep¬ 
tember; Land that has been well manured for 
early potatoes, sweet corn, or other crop, may often 
give a heavy yield of turnips. For late sowing, the- 
Red-top Strap-leaf is the best. There may be con¬ 
ditions in which it is advisable to sow broadcast, 
but, as a rule, it is vastly better to drill in the seed. 
Sheep raisers will find it profitable, even if they 
must sow broadcast and allow the sheep to harvest 
the crop themselves. Those who have a near 
market can more profitably dispose of the crop. 
The Lsite Weeds. 
It has been stated that Celery and several other 
crops of the garden, find this and the next month 
most favorable for their growth. The warm days, 
followed by cool nights, with abundant dews, 
bring them along at a rapid rate. The conditions, 
most favorable for our crops, are equally so for 
the weeds, especially those like Purslane, belong¬ 
ing to warm countries. “ Pussley,” as it is usu¬ 
ally called, how it does grow ! We have no need, 
to cultivate it, as is done in France. If it were 
only marketable, what crops could be supplied. A. 
number of our weeds, though annuals, spring from, 
the seed in autumn, and make compact, sturdy 
little plants. These pass the winter safely, and are. 
ready to start into growth in the first warm days, 
of spring. Shepherds’ Purse is an example of this, 
set of weeds, and it has a number of fellows. 
