554 
AMERICAN' AGRICULTURIST. 
[December, 
Value 2d of the Windsor Herd. 
We have in the Jersey cow, “ Value 2cl,” a rare 
combination of what is most beautiful and most 
excellent in the Jersey breed. Other cows have 
given as rich milk, as much milk, as much butter, 
all combined, but no cow that we have ever known 
or heard of has com¬ 
bined the following 
superlative qualities: 
She is large, weighing 
nine hundred and fifty 
pounds after her June 
test and empty. She 
very closely approaches 
perfection by the scale 
of points, failing only 
in color of horns and 
.size and form of teats, 
■which, however, can be 
grasped by the whole 
hand. She has all the 
fancy points, solid col¬ 
or, etc. She yields in 
her flush twenty to 
twenty - five quarts of 
milk a day, from which 
three to four pounds of 
butter may be churned. 
This yield placed her, 
at the time of her public 
test in June lost, at the 
head of the list of liv¬ 
ing Jersey cows as 
judged by the test of 
seven days, she having 
then yielded twenty- 
five pounds two and 
eleven-twelfths ounces 
of butter in exactly 
seven days to the minute. Finally, her butter is 
of the very highest quality, in grain, in flavor, 
in color, in firmness, in fact in every good quality. 
It is a question whether she reality has a rival, 
judged by a general standard of combined excel¬ 
lences. There are few cows which rival her in 
the matter of mere production, and yet it is a ques¬ 
tion whether, if she could be fed in the Canadian 
fashion, she would not surpass both herself and 
her competitor for the 
palm of the greatest 
butter yield. Her 
value to the com¬ 
munity is in her 
sons, through whom 
we may hope to see 
her rare qualities per¬ 
petuated. Of these 
she has now had 
three, all noble fel¬ 
lows, worthy of their 
queenly dam. It is 
somewhat remarka¬ 
ble, and certainly a 
subject of congratu¬ 
lation, that these 
few wonderful cows, 
which have made the 
largest butter yields, 
have so few daughters 
and so many sons, for 
it seems to be a law of 
nature that the quali¬ 
ties of a well-bred fe¬ 
male are perpetuated 
in her grand-daugh¬ 
ters. The daughters 
are seldom extra¬ 
ordinary, and of course a cow may have fifty 
grand-daughters by a son to one by a daughter. 
lect an elevated place, which is well drained, and 
sheltered if possible. Opeu a trench (if very long 
the plow will aid the spades) twelve or eighteen 
inches deep, and as wide as may be needed. The 
trees are to be laid in this at an angle of about forty- 
five degrees, and as they are placed in the trench, 
one at a time,the roots are to be covered with mellow 
THE FAMOUS JERSEY COW VALUE 2d (6844), BALTIMORE, 
Draum by E. Forbes and Engraved for the American Agricultur 
soil, not merely throwing the soil over them, but 
carefully working it in among the roots, so that 
no cavities will be left. The success of the oper¬ 
ation mainly depends upon the thoroughness with 
which this is done. The whole should be finished 
by banking up solidly, and by digging a surface 
drain to prevent water from accumulating. It is 
customary to lean the trees to the south, in order 
that the branches may shade the stems. If there 
The Use of Oxen Singly. 
i - —■*-— 
Many small farmers, who cannot at first afford a 
a pair of both, wisely prefer oxen to horses. The 
first cost is less; if he does not need to ride far 
from his own farm, they furnish ample motive 
power; and in the future he can convert them into 
beef. They are so con¬ 
stantly worked in pairs, 
that one forgets that 
they can be used singly, 
and two are used for 
light work where the 
power of a single ox is 
much more than is re¬ 
quired, to the great 
waste of force and, of 
course, of fuel, or what 
is the same thing—food. 
If oxen were trained to 
work singly, it would 
often double the availa¬ 
ble power on the farm. 
Two carts may often be 
used to better advan¬ 
tage than one heavy 
wagon. On the Con¬ 
tinent of Europe one 
often sees single oxen 
at work, indeed, single 
cows also. We do not 
advise using milch cows 
as working animals, as 
we cannot expect them 
to do two things well, 
and there would be a 
falling off either at the 
id. shafts or at the pail. In 
many European coun¬ 
tries, oxen draw by their 
strong part, the head or forehead, whether in single 
or double yoke. If those who try single oxen in 
this country would adopt the head yoke, it might 
lead to trying the same kind of double yoke. The 
head yoke is not a mere relic of antiquity, as many 
suppose, but has been decided to be best for the 
animals and their owners, by those who have care¬ 
fully studied the subject anatomically. The en¬ 
graving shows the size, shape and position of the 
yoke, but the strong 
leather band which 
secures it is out of 
sight. Rope traces 
are generally used, 
and a small saddle, 
with loops for the 
shafts, completes the 
harness. The chief 
objection to oxen is 
their slowness, but 
they may be trained 
to walk fast, and to 
trot. In Mexico long 
journeys are made 
with oxen, which trot 
off briskly when 
the roads will allow. 
<’ist. 
"V 
yor 
Heeling-in.— The term is often a puzzle to the 
novice. It comes from a phrase of the old garden¬ 
ers, who, when they wished to temporarily cover 
the roots of a tree, would “ lay it in by the heels.” 
This has in time been shortened into “ lieeling-in,” 
a most useful method, when properly done, and 
worse than useless when carelessly executed. Se¬ 
AN OX HARNESSED TO WORK SINGLY. 
Engraved for the American Agriculturist. 
is no danger of mice, the tops may be cov¬ 
ered with leaves or litter. Where mice are trouble¬ 
some, it is best to stand the trees upright, and 
bank the soil well up against them. Before, heel¬ 
ing-in look to the labels, lay in the labelled tree 
first, then all of the same variety ; before laying in 
the next variety, place a stake or marking-stick, 
to distinctly separate them. Finally make a record 
of the order in which the varieties are in the 
trench. Trees heeled-in are at hand when wanted. 
A few roots fei 
daily with hay to cat 
tie, in effect chaug 
it to the state o 
grass, rendering it a 
easily digested, am 
economizes the ha; 
to some extent, a 
shown by none of i 
being voided who! 
and hard. British farmers, by feeding roots liber 
ally to their cattle, find wheat and oat straw ver; 
beneficial, and digesting well. Many cattle ar 
well wintered there on roots and straw alone, an< 
we believe also occasionally well fattened, althougl 
at present some linseed or cotton seed meal is fe< 
with the roots and straw. Cotton seed meal an< 
oil-cake meal, when fed to fattening animals, pa; 
for their cost in the gain in weight. These food 
add greatly to the fertilizing quality of the manure 
