THE CULTIVATOR. 
179 
1846 . 
cows in his neighborhood had been afflicted. They 
had a propensity to eat bones—they became weak and 
their bones would sometimes break in trying to rise 
from the ground. He attributed the disease to the want 
of phosphate of lime in their food. He had cured the 
disease by giving the cows bone meal. This disease is 
confined to milch cows. Neither farrow cov/s or oxen 
are attacked by it. 
Mr. Cole, editor of the Boston Cultivator, observed 
that this disease had been prevalent in some of the dai¬ 
ry districts of England. Chemists had attributed it to 
the exhaustion of the phosphate in the soil, and had re¬ 
commended bone manure, which had been used with 
success. . 
Mr. Davenport, of Mendon, had kept a cow in the 
stable four or five years, she seldom leaving it. He 
gives her two quarts of meal per day, regularly, and 
roots and hay, with grass in the season of it. He cov¬ 
ers her with a thin covering in summer, to keep off the 
flies, and with a thick blanket in winter to keep her 
warm—warms her drink in winter. Under this treat¬ 
ment, there is but little falling off in the quantity of 
milk till a short time before calving. Though she is a 
small cow, not weig ling over 700 pounds, she has giv¬ 
en from eight to sixteen quarts at a mil-king. Her 
[hind] quarter is long and her skin loose. 
For swelling or hoven, Mr. D. gives a little weak ley. 
He puts about a pint of ashes to a pailfull of water. He 
had given this to both cattle and horses for other dis¬ 
eases with good effects. 
AGRICULTURAL STATISTISICS OF NEW-YORK. 
BY S. S. RANDALL. 
Luther Tucker, Esq., 
Secretary of the N. Y. State Ag. Society: 
Dear Sir —In accordance with your request, I have 
carefully compiled from the original returns in the 
office of the Secretary of State, and herewith transmit 
to you, such statistics in reference to the agricultural 
interest of the State as I conceived would be most ac¬ 
ceptable to the members of the society with which you 
are connected, and best adapted to the diffusion of an 
accurate knowledge of our agricultural resources and 
condition. 
The entire population of the state, as returned by the 
marshals, is 2,604,495: comprising 1,311,342 males, and 
1, 293, 153 females. 
The aggregate number of farmers and agriculturists in 
the state, is 253, 292, or somewhat less than one-tenth 
of the entire population, and one-fifth of the whole 
male population. The number of legal voters in the 
state, (exclusive of persons of color,) is 539,379; con¬ 
sequently the number farming to all other professions, 
is very nearly as one to two. 
The whole number of acres of improved land in the 
state is 11,737,276: of which 1,013,665 is devoted to 
the production of wheat; 1,026,915 to that of oats; 
595,135 to that of corn; 255,762 to that of potatoes; 
317,099 to that of rye; 192,504 to that of barley; 117,- 
379 to that of peas; 16,232 to that of beans; 255,496 to 
that of buckwheat; 15,322 to that of turneps; and 46,089 
to that of flax; wheat and oats being the great agricul¬ 
tural staples of the state; corn and rye holding the next 
place, potatoes and buckwheat, in about equal propor¬ 
tion the next, and barley, peas, flax, beans, and turneps, 
following in the order in which they are here named; 
the least number of acres being devoted to the culture 
of the turnep. 
The western and northern portions of the state are 
best adapted to the cullivation of wheat, potatoes, oats, 
while the southern and eastern portions seem most fa¬ 
vorable to corn, barley, peas, beans, turneps and flax. 
The middle counties afford the best encouragement to 
the raising of cattle. 
Of the 1,013,665 acres employed in the raising of 
wheat, the number harvested during the year is report- 
ed at 958,234, yielding an aggregate of 13,391,770 bu- [ 
shels, exceeding by 1,438,263 bushels the amount raised i 
in 1840, and averaging a fraction under 14 bushels to 
the acre. In the county of Monroe, the average yield 
is 19i bushels; in the county of Kings, 19; in each of 
the counties of Orleans and Niagara, 18; in the county 
of Clinton, 17-|; in Genesee county, 16|; in each of 
the counties of Cayuga, Ontario, Livingston, and Frank¬ 
lin,^; and in each of the counties of Onondaga, Rich¬ 
mond, Seneca, Warren, and Wyoming, 15. In two of 
the outer wards of Brooklyn, the average yield was 24 
bushels to the acre; In the town of Wheatland, Mon¬ 
roe county, 22 bushels, and in Sweden, same county, 21. 
From the 1,026,915 acres devoted to the production 
of oats, the aggregate number of bushels harvested du¬ 
ring the year is stated at 26,323,051, exceeding by 
5,594,313 the quantity raised in 1840, and averaging 
nearly 26 bushels to the acre. In the counties of Sene¬ 
ca and Kings, the average exceeded 35; in Monroe and 
Ontario, 32; in Onondaga, 31; in each of the counties 
of Cayuga, Dutchess, and Livingston, 30; in each of 
the counties of Orleans, Niagara, and Rensselaer, 29; 
in each of the counties of Chenango, Madison, Oneida, 
Orange, Wayne, and Yates, 28; and in each of the 
counties of Chautauque, Clinton, Columbia, Jefferson, 
Queens, Richmond, Suffolk, and St. Lawrence, 27. 
From the 317,099 acres devoted to the production of 
rye, the aggregate number of bushels harvested during 
the year is stated at 2,966,322, being 18,591 bushels 
less than were harvested in 1840, or an average of nearly 
9| bushels to the acre. In the county of Kings, the 
average product is reported at nearly 20 bushels to the 
acre; in the county of Richmond, at 14|; in the county 
of Jefferson, 13^; in each of the counties of Clinton, 
Orleans, and St. Lawrence, 12; in Chenango, 11^ in 
each of the counties of Erie, Livingston, Rensselaer, 
and Wyoming, 11; in each of the counties of Schenec¬ 
tady, Queens and Essex, 10|; and in each of the coun¬ 
ties of Albany, Delaware, Franklin, Fulton, Genesee, 
Herkimer, Lewis, Monroe, Montgomery, Orange, War¬ 
ren, and Westchester, 10. In the ninth ward of the 
city of Brooklyn, 265 bushels were obtained from 16 
acres, being an average of 25 bushels to the acre; and 
an equal average crop was obtained in the town of 
Gravesend in the same county. 
From 595,135 acres planted with corn, the aggregate 
number of bushels harvested is returned at 14,722,115, 
being an increase of 3,636,973 over the harvest of 1840, 
and averaging nearly 25 bushels to the acre. In the 
county of New-York, the average yield was 40; in 
Kings county,381; in Richmond, 35; in Suffolk, 34; in 
each of the counties of Orange, and Westchester, 32; in 
Rockland, 31; in each of the counties of Monroe and 
Orleans, 30; in each of the counties of Niagara, Onta¬ 
rio and Seneca, 29; in each of the counties of Chemung, 
Chenango, Jefferson, Oneida, Onondaga, Putnam, and 
Tioga, 27; in each of the counties of Clinton and Wayne, 
264; and in the county of Broome, 26. 
From 255,762 acres planted with potatoes, the 
aggregate number of bushels obtained, was 23,653,418, 
or an average of 90 bushels to the acre. In Jefferson 
and Franklin counties the average yield exceeded 150 
bushels; in St. Lawrence, 145; in Clinton and Orleans, 
137; in Essex and Genesee, 125; in Washington, 122; 
in Suffolk and Wayne, 120; in Chautauque, 112; in each 
of the counties of Kings, Monroe and Niagara, 110; in 
each of the counties of Ontario, Cattaraugus, and Cayu¬ 
ga, 105; in Allegany, 99; in Yates, 98; in Seneca 97; 
and in each of the counties of Lewis and Queens, 95. 
In each of the towns of Antwerp and Rutland, in Jeffer¬ 
son county, the average yield per acre was 187 bushels. 
There has been a falling off of the potato crop of up¬ 
wards of six millions of bushels since 1840. 
From 117,379 acres sown with peas, the aggregate 
number of bushels raised was 1,761,504, or an average 
of 15 bushels per acre. In the town of Westchester, 
Westchester county, upwards of 170 bushels are re¬ 
turned as having been produced from 3| acres, averag¬ 
ing 56 bushels per acre. In the county of Kings, the 
average crop was 35 bushels; in Richmond, 24; in 
Putnam, Queens, and Wyoming, 20; in Onondaga and 
Orleans, 19^; in Suffolk, 18; in each of the counties of 
Genesee, Madison, Montgomery, and Rockland, 17; and 
