244 
THE CULTIVATOR 
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August. 
aamaaaamBBa MHBaaB Ems, 
Fruit.Sohn A, King, Jamaica, L. I.; W. L. De 
Witt, Ithaca: A. H. Underhill, New-York. 
Flowers. —Herman Wendell, Albany; Wm. N. Ran¬ 
dall, Cortlandville; -Tracy, Syracuse. 
Miscellaneous Articles not enumerated or specified .— 
R. L. Allen, Buffalo; J. T. Cooper, Albany; Wm. 
Jackson, Syracuse. 
Vegetables .—L. A. Morrell, Lake Ridge; Geo. J. 
-Pumpelly, Owego; Henry Morgan, Aurora. 
Stoves and other Manufactures of Iron. —C. N. Be- 
ment, Albany; Samuel T. Pratt,* Buffalo; Franklin 
Manning, Syracuse. 
Paintings and other Draivings. —Francis Rotch, But- 
ternutts;-Walker, Utica; Gen. John A. Granger, 
Canandaigua. 
Ornamental, Shell, Needle , and Wax Work. —Mrs. 
B. D. Coe, Buffalo; Mrs. Hanson Cox, Auburn; Mrs. 
Alvah Worden, Canandaigua; Mrs. Wetmore, Utica; 
Mrs. W. W. Watson, Geneva. 
Unenumerated Implements , and other articles. —J. J. 
Viele, Troy; J. B. Duane, Schenectady; Stephen B. 
Cushing, Ithaca. 
Committee to negotiate with R . R. Companies for the 
transportation of Stock, Implements , Passengers, §c-, 
to and from the Show. —E. P. Prentice, Albany; Geo. 
Yail, Troy; T. S. Faxton, Utica; M. D. Burnett, Syra¬ 
cuse; C. P. Wood, Auburn; L. B. Langworthy, Ro¬ 
chester; L. F. Allen, Buffalo. 
For the Reception of Stock, fyc., fyc. —Ira Hopkins, 
Esq., Maj. J. B. Dill, Wm. Howard, Esq. 
tCT We learn by the Tocsin, that a meeting was held j 
at Auburn, on the 27th of June, for the purpose of de- 
vising a plan for conducting the coming Fair. For 
this purpose a committee was chosen to confer with 
the Executive Committee of the Society. Committees 
were also chosen for the purposes of collecting sub¬ 
scriptions and paying bills, erecting buildings for the 
Fair, providing water and forage for the use of visitors 
and stock during the days of the exhibition, selecting 
suitable grounds for the plowing match, to provide 
lodgings and accommodations for strangei’s during the 
Fair, to assist in the decorations of Floral Hall, and 
other buildings, &c , &c. A determined resolution 
seems to be manifested by the citizens of Auburn and 
vicinity, to do their utmost to render the exhibition 
creditable in all respects to the state, to the Society, and 
to themselves. 
The oxen, in that time, did 100| days’ work, which, 
at $1.25 a day, amounts to $125.62; were fed 12 bushels 
of corn, which, at 70 cents, is $8.40; 6 months’ pasture, 
at $2.50 a month, $15.00; 3 months’ hay, at $3.50 a 
month, $10.50; 3 months straw, at $2.50 a month, 
$7.50; wear of cart, $3.00; making in all $44.40; 
leaves a nett profit of $31.22; making a balance of 
$11.12 in favor of the oxen. 
But Mr. Skinner says a yoke of oxen will do as much 
work in a day as a pair of horses; if he is correct, then 
the balance in favor of oxen would be $61. But such 
cattle, I think, are very scarce—at least I have found 
them so. 
I last year commenced raising carrots for stock, and 
although some of my neighbors laughed at me for farming 
after the Cultivator, as they called it, and I cannot boast 
of the crops of Mr. Risley, of Chatauque, yet I got at the 
rate of 600 bushels to the acre, and am satisfied it is more 
profitable than raising potatoes, could we get a good 
crop of the latter, which is very uncertain; and this 
year I have sowed twice as much as I did last year, and 
am confident I shall get one-third heavier crop, as I did 
not sow them last year until the last of May, which I 
think was too late; it Was also a very dry season. I 
raised last year on one-fourth of an acre, 150 bushels, 
which at 15 cents a bushel, amounts to 22.50. Whole 
time spent in plowing, sowing, seeding, and digging, 
ISA days, every hour told, which, at 75 cents a day, is 
$13.87. Cost of seed, $1.50, making in all, $15.37, and 
leaving a nett profit of $7.12, or at the rate of $28.50 
per acre. Herbert Van Volkenburgh. 
Malden Bridge, Columbia Co., June 24, 1846. 
WINTER. AND SUMMER WHEAT—A NEW VARIETY- 
HORSES OXEN IN AGRICULTURE. 
Mr. Tucker —In reading Skinner's Essay on the Ox, 
in Clater’s and Youatt’s Cattle Doctor, (which by the 
way, I would recommend to every farmer as almost in¬ 
dispensable,) I supposed that he gave the ox too much 
preference over the horse, in regard to economy and 
usefulness as a beast of burden; and to satisfy myself of 
the fact, I commenced, one year ago last April, to keep 
an exact account of the work done, and the amount of 
food given to one pair of horses, and one yoke of oxen, 
on a farm of about one hundred acres of t illable land, 
setting down every Saturday night, the number of miles 
travelled, the number of days worked, and the amount 
and kind of food consumed during the week. The fol¬ 
lowing is the result: 
The horses travelled 667 miles double; 2,151 miles 
single; worked on the farm 59 ; } days double, 36| 
days single. Now allowing 40 miles travel to be a 
day’s work for a team, it would make 121 days the whole 
amount peformed by one pair of horses in one year, 
which, at $1.75 a day, would amount to $211. They 
were fed during that time, 105 bushels of oats, 
which at 50 cents per bushel, amounts to $42; 47 
bushels of corn, at 70 cents, $33; 5 months pasture, at 
$3 per month, $15; 2 months hay, at $4 a month, $8; 3 
months on cut straw, worth about $5; expenses of 
shoeing, $3; wear of wagon and harnesss, $10; decrease 
in value of horses, $20; making in all, $141; which de¬ 
ducted from $211, leaves a nett profit of $70. 
Mr. Tucker —Addison county in former years was 
quite noted for iis productions of winter wheat, as many 
of the oldest et Trojans ” can testify, who received our 
grain in exchange for cash and goods. For many 
years we have cultivated but little of any variety. The 
wheat fly annoyed us so much we were obliged to aban¬ 
don it, and look to the west for our bread. 
Our success has been quite flattering for two or three 
years. I have heard it reported by those well informed, 
that we now have more wheat on the ground than was 
ever sown any one previous year. It never looked 
more promising for a bountiful crop than at present. 
Thousands of bushels of our surplus must seek a market 
abroad. 
The Black-Sea Wheat,—a summer variety—is now 
cultivated here, on account of the general success which 
we have had in growing it on all kinds of soil, and 
through a variety of seasons. It produces abundantly, 
and is insnred ag-ainst the rust. The fly troubles it less. 
In February, 1845, I put one peck of this wheat to 
soak, and as soon as it began to germinate, mixed it 
with a loam soil, put it into a keg, and exposed it to 
the weather, where it soon froze, and remained in that 
state till the last day of March; then sown on muck 
land, which had thawed to the depth of two inches. 
The same night the ground froze hard, and it thawed 
and froze once more before the spring opened. Three- 
fourths of the grain died, in consequence, as I think, of 
the grain being too much grown at the time of sowing. 
It grew wonderfully, kept eight inches ahead of the 
| spring crop sowed in May, and stood six inches higher 
through the season than the Black-Sea beside it. The 
heads were uncommmonly long, of a deep red and 
darker color than the summer wheat. The heads were 
also longer in the head and more stiff. I harvested four 
bushels; the berry was evidently larger than the origi¬ 
nal grain, though not as plump. 
In November last, the 13th day, we sowed a pail full 
of this wheat on loam land, which came up well. It 
stood about two inches high when the ground froze, 
and remained covered with snow during the winter. It 
came forward finely this season, is now headed out, and 
has every appearance of a large yield. I think it safe 
to call it the “ Black-Sea winter wheat .” If it retains 
