AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST, 
[August, 
282 
Contents for August, 1872. 
Baldwin Apple and its Origin.303 
Bee-Notes.289 
Boring Wooden Drains or Water-Logs_ Illustrated . .293 
Boys and Girls’ Columns—The Doctor lias a Word to 
Say—The Little Swiss—Aunt Sue’s Puzzle-Box— 
• New Rebuses—Going a-Fishing.3A&..307, 308 
Buck-board Wagon. Illustrated. . 297 
Concrete Houses.5 Illustrations . 298 
Cow, Another Jersey. .289 
Digging and Storing Early Potatoes.291 
Double-Trees and Uneven Pulling.2 Illustrations . .298 
Drying Fruit.4 Must/rations .. 299, 300 
Farm-Mills. Illustrated .. 296 
Farm Work in August.282 
Flower Garden and Lawn in August.284 
Fowls. Asiatic. Illustrated.. 293 
Fruit Garden in August.283 
Greenhouse and Window Plants in August.284 
Harvesting Buckwheat. Illustrated . .297 
Horses—Portrait of Longfellow. Illustrated. .2S1 
Horse-Powers. Illustrated. .296 
Household Department—Barefoot Boys—At School 
too Young—Jam and Jelly—Tough Old Turkey- 
Constipated Babies—Cooking Egg-Plants—Salt-fish 
Dinners—Domestic Coloring—Washing by Dog- 
Power—Vases of Flowers. 305, 306 
Insects—Eggs in Grape-Canes and Apple Twigs. 
7 Illustrations. . 302 
Insects—The Cabbage-Worm.301 
Kitchen Garden in August..283 
Manuring Wheat..297 
Market Reports.284 
Mixed Husbandry.299 
Ogden Farm Papers. No. 31—A Difference of Opin¬ 
ions— The First Principles of Farming — Trans¬ 
planting Beets—The Deeply-plowed Field—Dairv- 
Young Stock.291, 292 
Orchard and Nursery in August.2S3 
Plants—Many-leaved Lupin. Illustrated. .301 
Plants—The Green-Dragon. Illustrated .. 301 
Plants—Water-Violet or Featherfoil. Illustrated. . 304 
Ringing a Pig... . Illustrated . 297 
Roses on Apple-Trees . 304 
Slmd-Planting in the Mississippi Valley. 291 
Sheep. African. Illustrated . .293 
Tim Bunker on Underselling the Butcher.290 
Top-Dressing Grass Land. 0119 
Value of Night-Soil.289 
Vegetable Plants for the South.. 
Walks and Talks on the Farm, No. 104—Harrowin'* 
and Drilling in Wheat—Wheat in Western N. Y.— 
Wheat in Michigan—Lime and Potash—Cultivatin'* 
Corn—Draining—Thomas’s Smoothing Harrow— 
Hoeing Corn — Corn Culture — Weeds — Fall- 
Fallowing.294, 295 
Why Do not Eggs Hatch?. ’ otp 
1 BASKET 
...284 
...287 
...286 
...313 
289 
1.288 
...287 
.. .288 
291 
OR SHORTER ARTICLES. 
Lard-Makers’ Refuse.2S6 
Lawn Weed.289 
Lime Interest.V.2S6 
Locust-stung Orchard... 289 
Mange.285 
Mangel-Wurzel... .287 
Mezquit Grass..289 
Milk in 24 Hours.2S6 
Milk-Weed. 286 
M°]es ..285 
Mules. 286 
Night-Soil.287 
Night-Soil -for Trees...! . 2 S 9 
Old Meadow.287 
Patent Rights.285 
Patent Wanted.287 
Pig with Fits . ’286 
Pigs for Family Pork.... 287 
Plymouth Pulpit.289 
Poison ivy. 0,86 
Post-Hole Augers...285 
Questions.285 
Carbolic Acid in Soap. ..289 Rape in the South.285 
Cashmere Wool.285 Rennet.’ ’ . 235 
Chester Co. Corn.287|Roaches—Powder. ,2S7 
Chicken Cholera.2.89jRoad-Tax in Ohio.[sS 7 
China-White Pigs.283|Rock Specimens. '286 
Clover in Corn.2S7|Running at Nose.285 
Clover in Va.286! Salt-Cake.. .".’288 
Clover-Seed.285: Saltpeter.2SS 
Colorado Potato-Bug. ...289 Sawdust, or “Queer,” 
Concrete Buildings.2S6j Hnmbu". ...287 
Cooking Feed...286 Smoking Meat...287 
Cost of Rats.286!Soap-Scraps ... ’ 285 
Cultivating New Land...286 Sorghum Bagasse 286 
Curious Corn.289,Special Premiums... . ' 288 
Cut Corn-Fodder.286! St i lie.286 
Cutworm.285 Strawberries set. in July..2S6 
Draining a Meadow. 28.8 Stripping Cows..2S7 
Farm-Gate...286'Stupid Horse.287 
Fence-Wire.285 Subsoil Plow.. . . . .2S5 
INDEX TO 
A. A. F. T. A. O. S... 
About Borrowing. ... 
Aged Parrot. 
Agricultural Items- 
Akebia. 
Arsenic for Pigs. 
Artificial Cider. 
Artificial Manures_ 
Ashes and Hen-M mure..286 
Babcock Extinguisher.. .289 
Barberry, Hedge.289 
Beans and Sunflowers.. .285 
Beef and Butter.286 
Bone-Black.287 
Bones.288 
Buffalo Bulls.287 
Buffalo Crosses.388 
Buggy Peas.287 
Bull, to Buy or Hire?_287 
Butter-Worker.2,85 
Calcareous Soil.286 
Cank-T of Frog.28,8! 
Force-Pump, Best.285 
Fruit-Trees .289 
Ga. Slate College.284 
Gooff Cow.285; 
Grades and Crosses.285 
Grape Cuttings.289 
Grass-Rake.235 
Hard-milking Cows.286 
Hay-Press .286 
Hedges .286, 
Snckering Corn.289 
Sugar Waste.286 
Sulphur for Lice.288 
Sundry Humbugs. 285 
Syrup from Cane.285 
Techn’l Dictionary.289 
•• The Garden”.2S9 
Union Pacific R.R.284 
Yeast Powders.289 
Wants to he a Fanner.. .286 
Calendar for August. 
Boston.NKng- 
land.N. fork 
State , Michi¬ 
gan . Wiscon¬ 
sin, Town, and 
Oregon. 
n. Y.auj , ct.j 
PU iladelphia , 
New Jemey, 
Penn., Ohio. 
Indiana, and 
Illinois. 
Washington, 
Maryland , 
Virginia. Ken¬ 
tucky. Missou¬ 
ri, and Cali¬ 
fornia. 
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n. ir. 
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4 52 
7 20 
2 4 
4 56 
7 16 
2 10 
5 0 
7 12 
2 16 
4 53 
7 19 
2 55 
4 57 
7 15 
3 2 
5 1 
7 11 
3 8 
4 54 
7 18 
3 49 
4 58 7 14 
3 55 
5 1 
7 10 
4 1 
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7 16 
sets 
4 59 
7 12 
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5 2 
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4 56 
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5 617 4 
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10 54 
5 3 
7 7 
11 19 
5 7 
7 3 
11 24 
5 10 
6 59 
11 '28 
5 4 
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7 1 
morn 
5 ll 
6 58 
morn 
5 5 
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morn 
5 9 7 0 
0 5 
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rises 
5 13 6 53 
rises 
5 16 6 50 
rises 
5 10!6 55 
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5 14 6 52 
7 51 
5 17 
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5 11 6 54 
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5 1816 48 
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5 16:6 49 
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5 18 6 47 
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5 16 0 48 
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5 22 6 41 
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5 21 G 42 
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morn 
5 24,6 3S 
morn 
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morn 
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5 26 6 35 
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2 53 
PHASES OF THE MOON. 
MOON. 
DOST 
OX. 
N. YORK. 
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ASH’N. 
CHA’STOX 
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n. m 
II. 
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New Moon 
4 
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4 
49 
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4 
37 
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55 
m. 
1st Quart.. 
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32 m. 
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IS 
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3 
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3 
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3 
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3 
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3cl Quart .. 
25 
3 51 
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3 
39 
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3 
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3 
15 ev. 
2 
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Holly-leaved Cherry.289 Warbles.285 
Ice on Weed.28H! Warts on Teats. 286 
Iron-Weed.... 286 What is a Hogget ?.287 
Kerosene and Lice,. .. &J5, Wis. Dairymen's Ass_278 
A M E RIC A i\ A 6IIIC U L T UR I ST. 
NEW YORK, AUGUST, 1873. 
Many farmers have had much to try their temper 
and test their patience during the past month. Hoe¬ 
ing, haying,and harvest have been crowded together. 
Men have been scarce and have had things all their 
own way. And we know of nothing more disagree¬ 
able than to be obliged to submit to the dictation of a 
lot of ignorant, selfish, conceited men, who are blind 
to their own permanent interests, and utterly regard¬ 
less of the interests of others. It is useless to reason 
with them. All that we can do is, the moment we 
are through the hurrying season, to discharge those 
who have behaved the worst. We do not complain so 
much of the high wages as of the short hours and of 
the general listlessness, indifference, unskillfulness, 
and indolence of a large class of farm men. We have 
all been complaining of this evil for some years. 
We have thought that it would cure itself. But 
instead of getting better, it is getting worse and 
worse. It is time that the subject was carefully 
considered and concerted action resorted to. We 
must be just and liberal with our men, but should 
insist on a faithful performance of contracts. No 
farmer should hire a man who has broken an en¬ 
gagement with a brother-former. 
During the latter part of this month and the next 
there will be comparatively little to do on many 
forms, and day-men can b# obtained at lower rates. 
If a man has been faithful, give him steady work 
and fair wages. But you owe it to yourself and to 
the good men, to dismiss every man who has not 
acted properly. This policy, generally carried out, 
would have a salutary effect. 
MisaSas salswsut Work. 
Finish the Harvest .—The better plan is to finish 
each field as you go, but we can not always do just 
what we know to be best. In the hurry of harvest, 
and with fewer men than we need, it is sometimes 
necessary to “get the biggest of it,” and trust to 
finding time to clear up afterwards. As soon as the 
main bulk of the crops is secured, a farmer is very 
apt to relax his exertions. This should be guarded 
against. There should be no let-up until everything 
is finished. Then take a rest and enjoy yourself. 
Oats. —This is generally the last grain crop to 
harvest. Where the straw is used for fodder, it is 
■well to cut the crop before the oats get fully ripe. 
Or where oats and straw are to be all cut up together 
and fed to horses, the crop may be cut while there 
is considerable “ milk ” in the grain. In this case 
it is necessary to be very careful in curing. On tlie 
whole, we are inclined to think that the better plan 
is to let the oats stand until they are nearly or quite 
ripe. The grain will be heavier, and less time is 
required for curing. Much, however, depends on 
circumstances. If we are likely to have settled hot 
weather, we should cut early, but if the weather i3 
unsettled, we should prefer to let the oats stand 
until quite ripe. Oats are not unfrequently damaged 
by being drawn in before they are sufficiently cured, 
especially after they have been exposed to rain. It 
is important that the oats are perfectly dry inside 
and outside the 6heaves and at the butts. 
Thrashing .—If the grain is safe in the bam, we 
should be in no hurry to thrash. It is not probable 
that wheat will rule permanently lower during the 
next twelve months'than at the present time. We 
do not say that it will be higher. We are not urging 
formers to hold on *to their grain, but simply not 
to be in a hurry to thrash, unless there is some 
object to be gained. Wheat keeps for better in the 
straw than in the granary, and it is for better not to 
thrash until the straw or grain is needed. But lyhere 
grain lias to be stacked, and where thatching is not 
practiced, it is better to thrash as early as possible. 
Thrashing by Steam. —Steam-engines for thrashing 
are being rapidly introduced. The old ten-horse¬ 
power machines have done good service, and de¬ 
serve to be held in grateful remembrance. But 
we rejoice to believe that their days are numbered. 
If there is a steam thrasher in the neighborhood, 
patronize it. This is the only way to banish the 
old horse-machines. 
Look to your Insurance. —This is always good ad¬ 
vice; but it is particularly so at this season. Many 
farmers have a good deal of property, in the form of 
wool, hay, and grain, exposed to fire, that is not 
covered by insurance, because they expect to keep 
it only a short time. If they can afford to be their 
“ own insurers,” all very well. But if a fire would 
cripple them, it is the part of wisdom to be at least 
partiahy insured. We fear that many farmers have 
property that they think is insured which their 
policies do not cover. Your wool or grain may be 
insured in one barn but not in another, and you 
may have overlooked or forgotten the fact. If you 
are going to thrash with a steam-engine, see if it 
does not invalidate your policy. There is little or 
no risk from a properly-constructed engine, hut it 
is a very unpleasant thing when you think you are 
insured to burn up and find that there i6 a clause in 
the policy that forfeits your claim. 
Thrashing with a Sweep-Power. —The general prac¬ 
tice in our neighborhood when thrashing with a 
hired ten-horse-power machine is to pay five cents 
per bushel for wheat, four cents for barley, and 
three cents for oats, the owner of the machine fur¬ 
nishing four men and four horses. One of the 
“thrashers” drives, and he is naturally inclined to 
spare his own teams at the expense of ours. This 
should be looked to. If possible, let the horses 
have a level track, for in going up-hill a good team 
is inclined to pull harder than on a level. Give the 
outside horse a longer half of the evener. With 
quiet, thoughtful, and experienced thrashers every¬ 
thing will go smooth, and the horses will not be 
injured, but new hands get excited, and drive too 
hard. What is wanted is steady work. See not 
only that the machine thrashes clean, but that 
none of the grain is carried over in the chaff. 
Making the Straw-Stack. —It is rare to see a really 
good straw-stack. If the object is to rot down the 
straw for manure, the stacks as frequently made 
can not be improved. But where the object is to 
save the straw for fodder and for litter, much more 
pains than is generally the case should be taken in 
making the stack. We can not go into details, but 
the main points are to keep the middle full and 
well trodden down, so that the sides shall settle 
more than the center. Keep the chaff and short 
