322 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
[September, 
Contents for September, 1872. 
Birds—Belted Kingfisher. Illustrated..333 
Boys and Girls' Columns—What is it?—Our Guessiug- 
Sehool—A Petrified Squash -Sea-Urchins—An Ant 
and a Green Worm—Aunt Sue's Puzzle-Box—The 
Unwelcome Visitor.5 Illustrations . 347, 348 
California Lawn-Sprinkler.3 Illustrations. .342 
Carts—How to Catch down the Body. Illustrated . .336 
Cattle—Prize Shorthorns. Illustrated. .St 0,330 
Cattle—Scale of Points of Jerseys.330 
Commercial Matters—Market Prices.324 
Corn-shocking Horse. Illustrated. .335 
Peep Milk-Cans. 338 
Fairs—State and County.353, 354 
Fall Treatment of Grass-Lauds.336 
Fans Work in Septemlrer.322 
Flower Garden and Lawn In September.324 
Flowers—Mr. Sisley's Geraniums. 342 
Flowers—Sweet-Peas. Illustrated. 341 
Flowers—TaH Browallia. Illustrated. .341 
Fmit Garden in September.323 
Oreenhonso and Window Plants in September. 324 
Hay-Knife. Illustrated.. 336 
Hints about Wheat. .339 
Household Department—Short Flair for Women and 
Children—Refrigerator and Meat-Safe—Home Top¬ 
ics— Something about Eyes—A Young Wife—Rye 
Graham—Rye Light Cakes—Rye Bread—Rye Gems 
—Rye Rolls—Rain-water Barrels—Mollie wants to 
Know — Lamp-Chimneys — Tin-Ware — Breakfast 
Bread-Stuffs—Cream Cake—Flam and other Ome¬ 
lets—to Pickle Martynias.2 Illustrations. .345. 346 
How to Kill anil Hang a Beef. .2 Illustrations. .339 
Irrigation—Storage of Water. 335 
Kitchen Garden in September.323 
Market-Gardens near London. 341 
Mottle’s Earth-Closet and Manure.338 
Northern Pacific Railroad. 330 
Notes from the Pines—Fegged-down Roses—Double 
Portnlacas—Basil anil Cordon Apple-Trees—That 
Potato—Moore’s Concord Corn—Striped Japanese 
Maize—Tomatoes.343 
Ogden Farm Papers. No. 32—Deep-Can System—But¬ 
ter-Making—Fallows—Varieties of Wheat.331,332 
Orchard and Nursery in September..323 
Ox-Teams vs. Horses. 338 
Pea-Bugs.342 
Potash-Making.4 Illustrations. .340 
Poultry—White Dorkings. Illustrated. .333 
Propagating by Budding..9 Illustrations ..343 
Pure Water.335 
Saving Corn-Fodder.336 
Shrubs—Venetian Sumac. Illustrated. .344 
Stump-Puller. Illustrated. 336 
Swine—National Breeders’ Convention.330 
Variation in a Peach-Tree.342 
Walks and Talks on the Farm, No. 105—Ilav-Making 
—Management of Grass Land—Top-dressing—Feed¬ 
ing Dairy Cows—Weeds—Feeding Corn—Clover- 
Wheat .334, 335 
Water Running into an Underdrain.332 
Willows and Baskets.11 Illustrations.. 337 
Wolf-Teeth.338 
INDEX TO “BASKET.” OB 8HORTEB ARTICLES. 
Abortion In Cows.309 
Ag’l Colleges .325 
Beans.306! 
Bed-Bugs. 327 
Best Dogs.306 
Bets.307 
Book on Gardening.325 
Boston Cuttle Show.329 
Breachy Cows.329 
Budding .325 
Bushherg Catalogue ... .329 
Castor Beans.325! 
Catarrh or Roup.328 
Choking by Turnips.329 
Clover on Timothy.325 
Clover Seeding in Fall. . .327 
Cold-Frame Cabbages — 327 
Colorado Wheat.326 
Condition Powders.329 
Cook Evaporator.329 
Cost of Manure.328 
Cotton-Picker.328 
Crops in 8. Ohio..325 
Cucumber Catsup.329' 
Curl).329 
Disease in Cattle.328, 
Disease of Poultry.329 
Ditching Machines . . ..329 
Drilling Wheat...328 
Eng. Gardeners in U. S..325 
Fallows.329 
Fish and Sheep Nets.. ..326 
Gail Borden.329 
Grape Leaves.327 
Greasing Cogs..327 
Grinding Tools.32S 
Grub in tile Head.329 
Hay-Press.326 
Hoof Injury.325 
Humbugs, Sundry. 325 
Imperfect Bull.327 
Irrigation.329 
Jersey Cattle ..325 
Jersey Herd-Book.325 
Land for Stock-raising.. .327 
Landseape G irdening_325 
Lawn on Sandy Soils_ .327 
Leaky Cistern.326 
Lev I for Irrigation . -326 
Lombardy Poplars . 325] 
Mange . 327! 
Milking Machine.329 
Milk-Mirror..328 
Molting Hens. 3-27 
Nebraska Wheat. .328 
N. A Poultry Soc’y.326 
Old Trouble.326 
Parsons & Co.325 
Peas.....327 
Percheron Horses.328 
Pickles. .326 
Plowing Under Weeds...326 
Preserving Okra. .. _325 
Pumping by Clock-work.326 
Punctuation..329 
Pure Guano. 328 
Radisli-Bug. 327 
Removing a Horn..326 
Rock-oil for Caterpillars.325 
Roots for Stock.329 
Salt.326 
Shall he Farm?.329 
Sliares’s Harrow. 327 
Six-Acre Farm.329 
Size of a Quart.326 
Smith’s Chairs.325 
Smut.327 
Strawberries.327 
Stump-Puller.329 
Spaying Heifers.328 
Spring Failing.327 
Substitute for.Ashes.329 
Sundry Humbugs. 325 
Sweet-Corn Fodder.329 
Tanning..3.6 
Tanning Buckskins.. ..323 
That Fruit-Wash.330 
Tomato Ihemium.329 
True Seeds.329 
Two-awl u-IIalf Better...329 
Ventriloquism.326 
Weak Iioofs. 329 
Weather Indicator.326 
West.Va. Farm Journal. .329 
Wlmt is 11 Bushel ?.327 
What is a Shingle.328 
Wheat, after Oats.328 
Winslow Pickles.325 
Wild Grass.328 
Wire for Pegs .325 
Wolf-Teeth in Horses.. .330 
Yield of Crops .328 
Calendar for September, 
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PHASES OF THE MOON. 
MOON. 
BOSTON. 
N. YORK. 
WASIl’N. 
CflA’STON 
CHICAGO. 
D. 
IT. M. 
!!. M. 
FT. M. 
H. M. 
FF. M. 
New Moon 
2 
8 9 ev. 
9 57 cv. 
7 15 ev. 
7 83 ev. 
7 3 ev. 
1st Quart.. 
10 
9 19 m. 
9 7 m. 
8 55 m. 
8 43 m. 
8 13 111 . 
Full. 
16 
0 20 17tli 
0 8 17th 
11 56 ev. 
11 41 ev. 
11 14 ev. 
Sit Quart .. 
24 
8 37 m. 
8 23 m. 
8 13 m. 
3 1 111. 
7 31 m. 
AMERICAN AGRICULTURIST. 
NEW YORK, SEPTEMBER, 1872. 
On many farms, September is a comparatively 
leisure month. It is a good time to build stone 
walls, to repair fences, to put up new gates, or.re- 
lmng the old ones that sag. If you have a pasture 
field, where there is no water for t lie stock, it is a 
good time to dig a new well, or if you have an old 
one that is dry to drill it down into the rock. It 
often happens that a few blasts of powder will open 
a seam in the rock that will furnish abundance of 
water. In digging a new well, if possible, put it 
in the corner of a field where the water may be 
conducted into two, three, or four lots. 
We do not know how it is with other farmers, 
but 111 our own case we find it more difficult to get 
“odd jobs” properly and promptly done than the 
steady, more prolonged, and in some sense more 
important operations of the farm. We can get a 
field of wheat plowed, harrowed, and drilled in 
with less personal care and supervision than we 
can get the implements and tools put in their pro¬ 
per places. Happy is that farmer who has not to 
depend too much on hired men ; or, if he must em¬ 
ploy them, who knows what work they cau best 
perform and what he must himself attend to. For 
such a fanner to do steady work is unwise. lie 
can make more by putting things in order and 
keeping others at work without loss of time than 
by going to plow himself. He must especially 
look well to the state of his flocks and his herds. 
The character of our farming is rapidly changing. 
Machinery does much of our heavy labor, but it 
needs much care, forethought, skill, promptness, 
and ingenuity to keep it in order. This is a lesson 
which many farmers have yet to learn. Machinery 
expedites and lessens the drudgery and bacK- 
breaking nature of farm work. It changes the 
character of our labor, but docs not do away with 
it. There is as much necessity lor work now as 
there ever was. And it is as true now as it was 
of old, that “ the hand of the diligent malceth rich.” 
Mints about Work. 
Sowing Winter- Wheat .—In the Middle and North- 
wesiern States nearly all our winter-wheat is sown 
the first, second, and third week in September. 
Occasionally, some farmers who like to be aliead 
of their neighbors sow in August, but four times 
out of five the later-sown wheat, on good laud, 
proves best at harvest. Last year was an excep¬ 
tion. The early-sown wheat, as a rule, was the 
best. We do not think it desirable, however, to 
sow wheat before the first week of September, and 
on our own farm prefer to sow from the lOih to 
the 15th. As we go South, where the plants grow 
more or less all winter, the wheat is sown later. 
nckling Wheat to Prevent Smut.— Moi.-ten the 
wheat with fermented chamber-lye, and dry it with 
lime. Or, take three ounces of blue vitriol and 
dissolve in one quart of boiling water, for each 
bushel of wheat. When cool, sprinkle it over tho 
wheat, and turn repeatedly, so as to be sure that 
each kernel is moistened. This is the simplest and 
best remedy we have yet used. We can confidently 
recommend it. No lime is needed to dry it, and In 
fact lime should not be used, as it decomposes the 
blue vitriol and weakens its action. If the vitriol 
is applied several days before the wheat Is to be 
sown, all the better. With chamber-lye and lime, or 
with salt and lime, pickle only just before sowing. 
Drilling in Wheat. —This is by far the neatest 
way of putting in wheat, and when the land is dr,y 
it often mades all the difference between a good 
and poor crop. If everything is favorable, sowing 
broadcast will give as good a crop as drilling— some 
say better, but this is doubtful. 
Quantity of Seed per Acre. —Our own rule is two 
bushels per acre. Thick seeding favors early ripen¬ 
ing. Many excellent farmers think 1% to 1)4 bush¬ 
el per acre is a plenty of seed, and when the laud is 
rich, clean, mellow, and moist, we have seen heavy 
crops obtained from a bushel to the acre. 
Wheat likes a Firm Soil , but we prefer to have it 
mellow underneath and somewhat cloddy on top, 
rather than to have the surface very fine and tho 
bottom hard and dry. 
Harrowing Wheat in the Fall to Kill Small Weeds 
is very common in England, and is well worthy of 
a trial here. Any fine-tooth harrow will answer, 
but those of our readers who have Thomas’s nar¬ 
row will, we think, find it just the thing for the 
purpose. Repeat the harrowing often enough to 
kill all the weeds, and commence as soon ns the 
roots of the wheat have sufficient hold of the soil 
to withstand the tearing action of the harrow. 
Sowing Grass Seeds with Wheat. —Where the wheat 
is to be harrowed, either in the fall or spring, we 
mu-t give up sowing timoili}’ with the wheat. We 
do not think this a serious objection, especially 
where clover is largely sown on the wheat in the 
spring. The repeated harrowing will almost in¬ 
sure a good catch of timothy and clover in the 
spring. Where no clover is sown, it is better 
to sow the timothy in the fall with the wheat. 
Sowing Grass-Seed Alone. —This is a good practice, 
and one which we should like to see greatly ex¬ 
tended. The ground should be very fine and mel¬ 
low. Tlic earlier the seed is sown in September 
the better. If timolliy alone is sown, we would 
put on half a bushel per acre. Harrow it iu with 
a light tine-tooth harrow, or if this can not be had, 
roll after the seed is sown. 1 
R>je. —This crop may be sown any time this 
month, or as late as October. Where the straw ia 
in demand, it is often a very profitable crop, and 
can be grown on soil too light and sandy for win¬ 
ter-wheat. But a good crop can be expected only 
on clean laud in good heart. From to 2 bushels 
is the usual quantity of seed. The later it is sown 
the more seed will be required. 
Fall Plowing. —Except on very light land, there 
can be no doubt of the advantages of fall plowing. 
The earlier the work is performed the better will 
the sod rot, and the more weeds will be killed. 
Clover-Seed .—The most convenient way Of cutting 
clover-seed is with a mowing-machine and a reaper 
platform which carries t..e clover into heaps or 
windrows. If the clover is heavy and green, the 
