32 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
form a temporary grating that will support the weight of 
the heap, and thus insure a drainage, and the admission 
of air to the heap from below. 
The materials to be converted into manure, we pile up 
on this prepared platform immediately as it is delivered 
by the carts, and this we sometimes continue to do until 
the heap has attained the whole height to be given to it, 
when by the use of a pump, buckets, or other suitable 
means, we raise the lye from the vat and pour it on to 
the heap, continuing so to do until the whole mass is satu¬ 
rated; we in general, however, raise the heap to a height 
of two, three or four feet, more or less, and then pour on 
a portion of lye, repeating this as the height of the pile 
is increased; this procedure obviates the necessity of 
lifting the whole of the lye to the full height of the heap. 
The materials which we employ in making the lye, 
may be limited to the following, namely: cow, horse or 
hog’s dung, or night soil, the urine draining from sta¬ 
bles, and quick lime. The ingredients used to be inti¬ 
mately mixed with a sufficient quantity of saturated water. 
Two of the kinds of animal dung we have found to an¬ 
swer as well as a larger number. A perfectly good lye 
will be made by taking one barrel each of two of the spe¬ 
cies of dung, two of the urinary drainings, one of quick 
lime, and about 50 barrels of saturated water which is 
then to be used as above explained. 
What we claim as our improvement on JaufFret’s me¬ 
thod of forming manure by the rapid fermentation of ve¬ 
getable fibres, is, first, the forming of the said vegetable 
matter into piles or heaps, without its being first im¬ 
mersed in the prepared lye, and the subsequently satura¬ 
ting the same by the pouring on the lye in the manner 
set forth. Charles Baer, 
Witnesses, ) John Gouliart. 
Th. M. Abbett, > 
J. R. Abbett. ) (Patented June 24, 1843.) 
HEREFORDS—-THEIR DAIRY PROPERTIES, &c. 
Messrs. Gaylord & Tucker —According to promise, 
I send you the result of my dairy; but it will not be any 
criterion to judge from, although the actual iveight is ta¬ 
ken from the book of Mrs. Sheldriek, who has kept a 
correct account of every pound made. 
I had no dairy to keep my milk, in the month of Feb¬ 
ruary, when six of my cows were milking, and not one 
pound was made from them during that month. Three 
of them calved in January. 
There were nine three year olds, two four, and one 
seven, milked during the month of March. I sold Cher¬ 
ry, a three year old heifer, on the 2d of April. From 
that time until the 1st of Oct., I milked eleven, at which 
time I sold my milk to the milkman. The following is 
a true statement: 
From March 1st to Oct. 1st, Butter, 1,456! 
35 Cream Cheeses, 3 lbs. each, equal 105 lbs. butter. 
113 quarts of Cream, sold, equal to 113 lbs. butter. 
1,674| 
My opinion is that the same cows next year, will make 
nearly double the quantity; for my first cow Lucy, 4 
years old, calved Nov. 28, and made 8 lbs. 2 oz. last 
week; the only cow I have now in milk. 
I quote from the Mark Lane Express, the following 
remarks from a speech made by the celebrated breeder, 
W. Fisher Hobbs, Esq., at the annual meeting of the 
East Essex Agricultural Society, Oct. 11, 1843: 
u He could not, however, conclude without making 
a few observations as a successful candidate. It had fre¬ 
quently been his good fortune to appear before them in 
that character, but he never felt so much pleasure 
from the circumstances as on the present occasion; for it 
must be admitted on all hands, that except in a few in¬ 
stances, the competition was very good indeed, and in 
some cases very severe struggles. 
“ He w r as the more happy, as a great victory had been 
gained for a breed of cattle, for which he was a strong 
advocate. He did not think, as judges were generally 
'prejudiced in favor of Short Horns, that Herefords could 
have been so successful as they had that day been. 
“ When he first became a farmer, he was determined 
to have a good breed of cattle. He first tried Short 
Horns, because he thought they were the best; and at a 
sale in Suffolk, he purchased several, better than which 
could not be obtained. He also purchased some Here¬ 
fords, and kept them together for twelve months, and the 
result was most decidedly in favor of the Herefords. He 
was therefore compelled, contrary to Ms own wishes, to 
give up the Short Horns and take to Herefords; and he 
had from that time continued to do so, being satisfied that 
with his soil and climate, they paid the best. (Hear, 
hear.) He trusted the farmers whom he was addressing, 
would do as he had done, and judge for themselves what 
description of stock was best suited to their farms; and 
and when they were satisfied that they had a breed which 
would prove most profitable to them, he would advise 
them to keep to them; and if they came here to exhibit 
them and were occasionally unsuccessful, he would ad¬ 
vise them to go home, with a determination of meeting 
with more success on a future occasion. (Cheers.”) 
Be it remembered that Mr. Hobbs gained the first pre¬ 
mium as the owner of the best cow in milk, of any breed, 
with a Hereford. What will the pen depressers of milking 
Herefords say to this? Will they not have to put on their 
“ studying caps” to find some endorsers for t{ Youatt ?” 
Again, I refer you to a sale of Herefords in the Mark 
Lane Express Oct. 30, page 12, the property of Mr. 
John Hewer. “ An in-calf cow, Lady, by Chance, was 
knocked down for 100 guineas, ($500;) two year old 
Victoria, at 87 guineas, ($435;) yearling heifer, 40 
guineas, ($200;) an aged bull, Dangerous, (the sire of 
some of my heifers,) 100 guineas; Lofty, a bull calf, 51 
guineas, and several others at similar prices.” 
What does this say for the Herefords ? Will it not 
‘ ( prove ” that some writers know nothing about them? and 
will it not teach some of them to search for facts before 
they “ abuse the Herefords ?” I refer you again to a sale 
at Algarkirke, of an excellent herd of short horn cattle 
belonging to Mr. Rogerson, same paper for Oct. 23, p. 
12: “Nonsuch, two years and six months old, was 
knocked down at £27 10 s., ($136.68,) a very fine animal; 
others fetched from £20 to £25. Altogether, the sale 
has been highly satisfactory, and reflects equal credit on 
the breeder anti auctioneer. Young Spectator was on the 
ground and was much admired.” 
Such comparisons as these are the true standards for 
other breeders, and it is gratifying to find such authority 
to substantiate the facts I have previously stated. I have 
an own sister to Lady, several half-sisters to Lofty, and 
two half-sisters to Victoria; and they came from the 
bleak hills of Gloucestershire, from the herds of William, 
John, and Joseph Hewer. 
I do not think an “ extraordinary ” milker is a profita¬ 
ble animal for the farmer. If I can keep my cows up to 
from 6 to 8 lbs. each, for nine months, I will be perfectly 
satisfied; nor do I think that three herds in twenty, will 
do more, unless selected entirely for that purpose. We 
all know that a great quantity of milk requires to be 
forced with extra feed, and when such a cow is dried for 
the grazier or feeder, I want him to keep an accurate ac¬ 
count of food consumed, and the price sold to the butcher. 
One more statement, and I have done. I do not think 
there are many breeders in this country who are willing 
to give a remunerating price for a good animal. The 
butchers have far more spirit than breeders, and my ob¬ 
ject in future shall be to serve them. If breeders want 
this stock, let them go to England and fetch them; they 
will then know their true value. At present, I intend to 
make steers of all. Nor do I intend to show another ani¬ 
mal for a premium in this country, so long as a combined 
prejudice exists. 
I conclude by saying that the Hon. Erastus Corning 
has rendered me e\ ery assistance with his purse, and de¬ 
serves as much credit for this noble spirit as the best of 
the noblemen in England. They know agriculture is 
the only support of the country. Directing members of 
this country, know equally well the benefit they render 
it by such praiseworthy transactions, and such are the 
true supporters of a prosperous and enterprising country. 
It is such men only, that can place America in the exalt¬ 
ed station she ought to occupy. Wm. H. Sotham. 
Hereford Hall, near Albany, Nov. 30, 1843. 
