120 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
Ground Plan—(Fig. 35)—Scale, about 20 feet to an inch. 
Figures 34, 35, 36, represent the farm house—fig. 34 
the elevation, partaking of the Italian style—fig. 35, the 
ground plan, and fig. 36, plan of the second floor. A 
form nearly square is given to the building, for the sake 
of economy, requiring far less external covering for the 
space enclosed; at the same time the outline is somewhat 
broken, to prevent heaviness and monotony of expression. 
About half is surrounded with a veranda, under which 
lathing and plastering may take the place of clapboards, 
and thus save expense. The whole building may be 
considered as composed of two parts or wings, extend¬ 
ing from front to back, the ridge of their roofs also in 
the same direction, connected by a center building with 
the roof at right angles to the two former. The two 
wings are chiefly occupied as parlor and family room in 
front, and kitchen and nursery back; and the center part 
as a library, (for books, minerals, maps, astronomical di¬ 
agrams, &c.,) lighted by a sky-light in the roof, through 
a circular opening, surrounded by a railing, in the second 
floor. This opening will admit of thorough ventilation 
<of the adjacent rooms below, if desired, or it may be clo¬ 
sed by a sash of glass, the light softened by a translucent 
varnish. The kitchen is lighted with one very broad 
Window. A. A. are chimneys, and admit of open fire¬ 
places for the parlor, nursery, kitchen and family room. 
If a hot air furnace is used, by placing it under the cen¬ 
ter of the library, the heated air may be easily conducted 
to all the rooms above. The nursery entry opens on the 
large veranda, enabling children to take fresh air in all 
Weathers. A back entrance to the parlor may be easily 
made from the same entry if wished. The bed-room 
adjoining the nursery, is covered with a lower roof, se¬ 
parate from the rest of the roof, and corresponds with the 
Toof of the porch. 
The eaves are 5 feet above the second floor; and 4feet 
additional rise in the roof gives ample height for the 
upper rooms, which may be six in number, and allow 
sufficient space for closets. 
The dairy should occupy the coolest part of the cellar, 
and be entirely separated from other parts by walls. The 
Second Floor—(Fig. 36.) 
best and cheapest material for the floor, is a coating of 
two inches of water lime mortar. 
The size of this house will appear too large to many, 
but it is not larger than the houses of a large portion of 
our farmers, after piecing and patching; costs much less, 
and appears far better. It is much easier to pass from 
one room to another on the same level, than to pass a 
flight of stairs; hence the aim has been to have as many 
of those in common use on the same floor. This also 
contributes to economy in erection—as calculation will 
readily show. A one slory house, 10 feet high and 40 
feet square, will enclose 1600 feet of floor; a two story 
house, 28^ feet square and 20 feet high, will also enclose 
1600 feet; but the latter will require 650 feet more of si¬ 
ding, which will cost more, with painting, than the ad 
dition in shingling the former. 
A careful and liberal estimate, made from full bills of 
cost of several houses actually erected by the writer, 
places the cost of this building, if made plain and of 
wood, at about $1,400, at the average price of materials, 
teaming, labor, &c., in central and western New-York. 
This cheapness is owing principally to the cottage form, 
compact arrangement, and the diminution of siding and 
paint under the veranda. 
Figure 37, is an elevation of the farmery, and fig. 38 
is a plan of the farmery, house, and adjacent grounds. 
The farm buildings form nearly a hollow square, the 
barn in the center of the further range. In fig. 37, the 
barn cellar only is shown, being on a level with the sta 
bles on each side. The further part 
for roots, and is filled through two win 
dows with hopper-like troughs, into 
which the cart is dumped. The nearer 
part is for straw, to be used for cutting 
and for littering. From the intermediate 
space, passages 4 feet wide run in front 
of the stables on either side, for feeding. 
Fig. 39, shows the upper floor of the 
Fig. 39. barn; A. unthreshed grain; It. corn crib; 
C. granary, the bin for oats with an opening below for 
feeding horses; this opening closed by a sliding board. 
A door opens from each of the last, to facilitate loading 
Floor 
Straw C 
_ Jj. 
