THE CULTIVAT 
255 
The same arrangement may be adopted with the other 
classes. 
The following list contains some of the best varieties 
arranged according to the preceding method. 
Serrated glandless leaves. Large flower. 
Peaches — Pavies. 
Old Newington. 
Early Newington, or Smith’s Newington. 
Peaches — Melters. 
Early Anne. Tillotson. 
Malta. 
Noblesse. 
Early White Nutmeg. 
Nectarines — Pavies. 
Scarlet Newington. 
Tawny Newington. 
Serrated glandless leaves. Small flower. 
Peaches — Melters. 
Royal George. 
Belle de Yitry. 
Crenated leaves, with globose glands. Large 
FLOWER. 
Peaches — Melters. 
Grosse Mignonne. 
Crenated leaves, with globose glands. Small 
flower. 
Peaches — Melters. 
Bellegard. 
Teton de Venus. 
George the Fourth. 
President. 
Crenated leaves, with reniform glands. Large 
flower. 
Nectarines — Melters. 
Fairchild’s. 
Crenated leaves, with reniform glands. Small 
flower. 
Peaches — Pavies. 
Incomparable. 
Catharine. 
Chancellor. 
Late Purple. 
Peaches — Melters. 
Nectarines — Melters. 
Common Elruge. 
Violet Hative. 
Aromatic. 
The following list of peaches will give a constant suc¬ 
cession from a period immediately after wheat harvest, 
until autumnal frosts. 
Early White Nutmeg. 
Early Anne. 
Early Tillotson. 
Early Red Rareripe. 
Early York. 
Grosse Mignonne. Melters. 
White Imperial. 
Red cheek Malacaton. 
Malta. 
Columbia. 
President. J 
Early Newington. 
Oldmixon. 
Old Newington. 
Lemon Clingstone, Pine apple, or 
Kennedy's. 
Heath. 
The Early White Nutmeg is a peach of very small size, 
and a very poor bearer; and a cultivator may count him 
successful, if he gets a quart of peaches from a full 
grown tree. It ripens a week or more after our wheat 
harvests, and is valuable only for its early maturity. The 
Early Anne is later, but much larger and a much better 
bearer; and were it not for its very slow growth, would 
be truly valuable. A larger variety, a few days later, 
Pavies. 
*The terras pavies and melters are decidedly better than those 
of clingstones and freestones, as the softest and most melting 
varieties adhere in all different degrees to the stone. Hence the 
term clingstone, in its widest sense, may apply to both pavies 
and melters. 17 * 
obtained from the seed of the Early Ann, is known by 
the name of Sweetwater. But the latter is scarcely a day 
or two earlier than the Early Tillotson, a peach fully 
equal to it in size and superior in flavor, and far exceed¬ 
ing it in productiveness, and which is in every respect a 
truly valuable variety, ripening in western New-York in 
the early part or middle of 8th month (Aug.) All the 
preceding are cut-leaved, glandless varieties, and are 
consequently subject to mildew, though the Tillotson is 
but slightly so, and soon nearly outgrows it. 
The peach appears to vary more in quality from the 
effect of climate than other fruits. Fine American vari¬ 
eties are pronounced worthless in England. And varie¬ 
ties in this country, unusually delicious in favorable sea¬ 
sons, are of inferior quality in unfavorable ones. Again, 
culture greatly effects the quality; thus, the Heath cling¬ 
stone, under favorable circumstances, is an excellent 
fruit, but if the branches are permitted to bear full, the 
fruit is small and of little value. 
Some varieties which are excellent as far south as the 
vicinity of Philadelphia, when removed fo western New 
York, prove to be greatly inferior in quality, in conse¬ 
quence of the slightly diminished warmth of summer. 
Hence only the earlier kinds cultivated there are suitable 
for culture here. The business of originating new and 
early varieties for the most northern region adapted to 
the peach, deserves more attention, and might be pro¬ 
ductive of some very valuable discoveries. 
Peach and Nectarine trees are liable to destruction 
from two causes, the worm, and the yellows. The pres¬ 
ence of the worm is readily detected by the gum mixed 
with excrementitious matter oozing from the trunk, at 
the surface of the ground. The best, and probably the 
only effectual remedy, is to scrape the earth from about 
the tree, and then with a knife to follow the«holes made 
by the worm to their termination and destroy it. As this 
insect merely confines itself to the baric, its destruction is 
very easy. It rarely occurs that trees are completely de¬ 
stroyed by this insect, except they be small; death can 
only take place when the bark is eaten round the tree. 
Timely care will prevent this; the evil in fact is only to 
be dreaded by negligent cultivators. 
The disease termed the Yellaws, is truly formidable, 
and appears to be exclusively confined to the peach and 
nectarine. Its cause has never been satisfactorily ascer¬ 
tained. The first indication is an irregular and prema¬ 
ture ripening of the fruit, accompanied with purple dis¬ 
colorations of the flesh. This usually occurs the first sea¬ 
son on a part of the tree only. The following season, 
numerous small wiry shoots grow from the larger branch¬ 
es, the leaves become yellow, the whole tree assumes a 
sickly appearance, and eventually perishes. This disease 
is still more to be dreaded from its contagious nature. If 
not checked, it commonly spreads through the whole or¬ 
chard. It appears to be usually communicated at the 
time of blossoming by means of the pollen. But the in¬ 
fection may be conveyed in other ways. The bud from 
a diseased tree inserted in a healthy stock will cause its 
death, and even the use of a knife in pruning which has 
been previously used on a diseased tree, is sufficient to 
communicate the disease. Facts also greatly strengthen 
the suspicion that the roots of healthy trees have imbi¬ 
bed the contagion by mere contact with those of diseased 
ones. After it has once attacked a tree there is no re¬ 
medy; and to prevent it extending toothers, the diseased 
tree should be immediately destroyed. No young trees 
should be planted on the same spot, as the diseased roots 
still remain in the soil. Coxe says, es The peach tree 
cannot be cultivated with suceess on the site of a former 
plantation, until some years of an intermediate course of 
cultivation have intervened.” As it is probable that the 
pit or kernel becomes infected, caution would direct that 
stones from diseased trees be never used for planting. 
The shortness of life in the peach tree and the conse¬ 
quent difficulty of its culture in some places, appear to be 
chiefly owing to this disease. In western New-York, it 
is comparatively unknown, and great care should be used 
by cultivators that it be not introduced by importations. 
The peach tree, though generally supposed to be very 
short lived, when not destroyed by unnatural causes, will 
continue to flourish and bear for many years. Trees 
