1849. 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
77 
cured on the River Tees, in the county of Durham. 
Then a bull and heifer of the Durham breed, and two 
bulls and two heifers of the Long-Horn breed. A mi¬ 
nute description was given, particularising each breed, 
-—no limit as to price. If the money sent-, was not 
sufficient to pat that number on board ship; they were 
to be reduced, so as to have the best animals that could 
be had for breeders. 
Buchanan, Smith & Co., employed Mr. Etches of 
Liverpool, to go into the different districts to make the 
selections and purchases, and he seems to have execu¬ 
ted the order with much ability. The following is the 
invoice-: 
'Cattle shipped on hoard the Mohawlc for Baltimore, consigned to 
Messrs. Rollins McBlair. merchants there. 
No. 1. A bull from Mr. Clement, Winston, on the river Tees, 
got by Mr. Constable’s bull, brother to Comet. 
2. A bull of the Holderness breed, of Mr. Scott, out of a cow 
that gave 34 quarts of milk per day—large breed. 
3. A bull from Mr. Reed, Westholm, by his own old bull. 
4. A bull of the Holderness breed from Mr. Humphreys, got by 
Mr. Wase’s bull, of Ingleton. 
5. A bull of the Long Horn breed, from Mr. Jackson Kendall, 
out of a cow that won the premium. 
6. A bull of the Long Horn breed, from Mr. Ewartson, of Cros¬ 
by Hall—is of a very fat breed. 
7. A heifer from Mr. Wilson, Staindrop, Durham breed. 
8. 9, 10. Three heifers from Mr. Shipman, on the river Tees— 
his own breed. 
11, 12. Two heifers of the Long Horned breed, from Mr. Ew¬ 
artson, Crosby Hal'l—of Westmoreland breed. 
The Mohawk arrived in Baltimore, in May, 1817. 
The cattle were safely landed, in good condition. 
Great pains had been taken, in procuring comfortable 
accommodations for them in the ship, and, an experi¬ 
enced herdsman employed to feed and take care of them 
on the voyage. On arrival, they were taken in charge 
by my friend, Mr. John Hollins, who caused them to 
be put in the best pasture, and particularly cared for. 
After the cattle had been shipped, and before their 
arrival at Baltimore, I sold to Capt. Wm. Smith, one- 
third of the concern, and to Dr. Wm. H. Tegarden an 
other third:; reserving to myself one-third only. A 
suitable agent was sent to Baltimore for them, and 
they were brought to Kentucky at the joint risk and ex¬ 
pense of the three parties. On their arrival at Lex¬ 
ington, they -were divided. 
There fell to my lot, bull 
No. 1 . which I named Tecumseh. 
No. 2. named San Martin. 
No. 8 . u Mrs Motte. 
No. 10. u Georgiann. 
Capt. Smith’s lot: 
Bull No. 5. which he named Bright. 
7. “ u the Durham cow. 
9. u C( Teeswater cow. 
Dr. Tegarden’s lot: 
Bull No. 4. which he named Comet. 
“ 6. “ “ Rising Sun. 
12. Long Horn Cow. 
No. 10 died in Maryland, No. 3 (bull) became lame 
on the travel out to Kentucky, and was left on the way. 
He was afterwards received, and sold by the company, 
to Capt. Fowler, who sold him to Gen. Fletcher, of 
Bath county, Kentucky, where he died. 
When the division took place, Capt. Smith evinced 
great anxiety to own the largest Long-Horn bull; Dr. 
Tegarden preferi*ed No. 4, and, as neither of them 
were my favorites, I cheerfully yielded; and in conse¬ 
quence, they gave me choice of the cows. I selected 
one of the Teeswater Heifers and named her Mrs. 
Motte. It was a very pleasing occurrence to have 
each party highly gratified, with receiving the very 
animals he preferred. 
The narrative of a pertinent coincident, will not, I 
think, be deemed ill-placed. 
Mr. H. Clay, being in England in 1816, having al¬ 
ways had fondness for fine horses and for other fine stock, 
concluded to send home some fine cattle. At this time, 
the Herefords were great favorites at Smithfield. Ei- 
ther from Mr. Clay’s own taste, or from the recom¬ 
mendation of others, he selected that stock, purchased 
a cow, a young bull and heifer of that breed, and sent 
them to Liverpool, to be shipped to the United States. 
It so happened that they were put on board the Mo¬ 
hawk, the same ship with my cattle, and they arrived 
together at Baltimore, were there placed in the same 
pasture, and the agent that was sent for my cattle, 
brought out Mr. Clay’s to Kentucky. 
Although Mr. C. and myself, at that period, resided 
in the same city, and had always been personal and po¬ 
litical friends, from the time of his coming to Kentucky, 
in 1798, till March, 1§25, and our social and personal 
relations have been unchanged for fifty years—ye'fc nei¬ 
ther Mr. C. or myself had the slightest knowledge or 
intimation, of the intention or views of the other, in re¬ 
gard to unporting foreign cattle. 
Mr. Clay at one time, had a good stock of horses. 
He bred the dam of Woodpecker, one of our best race 
horses, and he proved to be a good stallion. His flock 
of sheep were celebrated for the fineness of their 
fleece. 
But having introduced the Herefords, I may as well 
finish them. 
At this time, (1817) Mr. Isaac Cunningham owned 
the largest and best grass-farm in Kentucky—the iden¬ 
tical farm settled by old Mr. Matthew Patton, the fa¬ 
ther of the Patton family, who introduced the Patton cat¬ 
tle. Mr. C. was wealthy, had a good stock of Patton 
cows, and had been in the habit of selling his young ones 
for breeders. Mr. Clay’s good judgment, led him to 
place his Herefords in the hands of Mr. Cunningham ; 
notwithstanding all these advantages, the Herefords 
made no impression; in a very few years they were un¬ 
known as a breed in Kentucky, and at this day, a part 
blooded one is rarely to be met with. 
As to the Long Horns, although there were two bulls 
and two cows imported, the breed has nearly run out. 
Capt. Smith kept them up for a while, but as he died 
soon after they were introduced, his stock was neglect¬ 
ed. The Rising Sun left a good stock in Clarke and 
Bourbon counties, and for a while they were very po¬ 
pular with the feeders in those counties; but they have 
gradually yielded to the Short Horns. A mixture of 
Long-Horn blood, in a remote degree, is deemed by 
many feeders of great value, (and that is my opinion.) 
The hide is thick, the hair is long, and very closely set; 
they are of very hardy constitution, well adapting them 
to our mode of feeding. Cattle are not housed or 
sheltered, but fed out in the fields, taking the weather 
as it comes. The Short Horns have thin hides, fine 
short hair, and do not stand exposure to the weather so 
well. 
The importation of 1817, (alluding to which it seems 
that the Long Horns and the Herefords, are to be omit¬ 
ted,) gradually gained favor with the feeders and breed¬ 
ers. The young ones were much sought for throughout 
Kentucky, and parts of Ohio, and were all sold for 
breeders. Tecumseh and San Martin were the princi¬ 
pal instruments used in effecting this great improvement. 
Mrs. Motte, the Durham cow, and the Teeswater cow, 
were excellent breeders. The Durham cow was equal 
to the best milk cow I ever saw. Napoleon was her 
best bull calf. Mrs. Motte was the neatest, the finest 
animal of the importation. 
A year or two previous to 1831, I observed that my 
young cattle were not up to the mark of improvement 
that I wished to see progressing, but were rather fall¬ 
ing back. The only remedy that I then thought, and 
still believe necessary to arrest this downward tenden¬ 
cy and to give a fair prospect of improvement, was the 
introduction of remote blood. 
