1849. 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
243 
sand dollars a year, clear money, after all his farming 
expenses have been paid. Nor does he live in a miser¬ 
ly manner; but on the contrary, is rather famed for his 
liberality in household matters. It is a fact well known 
in the neighborhood, that he raises as much from this 
small lot tff land, as is raised by the average of those 
who cultivate their hundred acres. This result has 
been produced, solely by the use of stable manure. He 
keeps no fancy stock; he pursues no different routine of 
cultivation from that pursued by others around him; but 
he manures his lands without stint. 
If it were not that it would be trespassing on your col¬ 
umns, and on the patience of your readers, I could give 
you instances by the score, where some, who have not 
been afraid either of the labor or expense of doing as 
those I have mentioned have done, have succeeded in 
renovating their worn-out fields, and are now living 
comfortably upon the income of their productive farms. 
And where others, who were afraid it would not pay— 
that the price of the manure was too high,—the labor 
of procuring it too great, have continued in the same 
situation in which they were when they first started out 
in life. Pennepack. Lower Dublin , Pa., 1849. 
State 2lgnculhiral Society 
State Fair. 
We make the following abstract of the report of the 
Executive Committee, at the meeting of the Board, 
July 12th, 1849. 
The secretary reported that since the last meeting he 
had visited Syracuse, and that the citizens are taking- 
active measures to prepare the grounds and buildings 
for the use of the society in September. A contract 
for enclosing the grounds, and preparing the necessary 
erections, has been made with an efficient and thorough 
business man, and everything required by the Society, 
it is believed will be in readiness. The committee of 
arrangements on the part of the citizens, are making 
every possible effort for the accommodation of visitors, 
and nothing on their part will be left undone to accom¬ 
modate those who may be in attendance. 
The secretary also reported, that the judges who had 
been appointed for the annual exhibition, had with very 
few exceptions, signified their acceptance, and the few 
vacancies had been supplied by gentlemen who had 
agreed to be present. At no former period have the 
indications of a large exhibition in all the departments, 
been so encouraging as at the present. 
T. Ewffiank, Esq., Com. of Patents, in answer to an in¬ 
vitation to attend the Show and Exhibition at Syracuse, 
writes :— u An occasion so peculiarly attractive to those 
who watch with interest the progress of agricultural 
improvement,—a subject, the vast importance of which 
it is scarcely possible to magnify—could not fail to af¬ 
ford me the liveliest gratification—a gratification which, 
with what sincere regret I need not say, my official du¬ 
ties 'will, I fear, compel me to forego. 
u I shall derive much pleasure, however, from read¬ 
ing reports of the Exhibition, which will, in some mea¬ 
sure, atone for the disappointment I feel in not being 
able to meet personally, the many intelligent gentle¬ 
men who will assemble from various parts of the coun¬ 
try, upon so interesting an occasion.” 
The Crops, &c.—N. Goodsell, of Rochester whites: 
That he had visited several counties of the north, and 
that considerable portions of Jefferson, Lewis, and Os¬ 
wego counties, are becoming rich in agricultural pro¬ 
ducts—some of the best dairies and finest stock are 
found in the above districts; but there is great want of 
information respecting our State Agricultural Society’s 
proceedings. Many farmers with large dairies, have 
never attended a State Fair. I obtained from one 
nearly a full promise that he would take a wagon load 
of butter and cheese to Syracuse. Much of the coun¬ 
try in these counties is very fine for grass, oats, barley, 
Indian corn and potatoes, superior to the major part of 
this State. I have made particular examination of the 
extent of our Peach district, east, and find it reaches 
upon the lake for six miles back to Salmon river, lowest 
range of thermometer below 0, in alt of which ter¬ 
ritory trees are as healthy, and as w T ell filled with fruit as 
at Rochester. Two-miles north of this line the ther¬ 
mometer falls 20° below 0°. 
R. Howell, of Nichols, Tioga county, says, date 26 
June, the weather for the last week, has been as dry 
and warm as any ever experienced here. Spring was 
very late, cold and dry, particularly the month of April. 
The 14th of the month the ground was so dry that it 
was scarcely possible to plow—and a week from that 
time so cold that the plow' was frozen in the furrow. On 
the 17th it snowed, and on the hills snow was 16 inch¬ 
es, and half that depth on the flats. The crops now look 
fine, wheat is of fine color, large growth. It was feared 
that the Hessian fly had committed ravages upon the 
crop—but I cannot find any signs of the fly. In some 
grounds, injury has been caused by a grub eating off 
the large roots of the wheat. Rye much better than 
usual. Corn and oats are good, though backward. 
Grass is very heavy, especially new meadows. 
John Johnston, Esq., of Seneca county, one of our 
best farmers, writes, June 25th, “ I have made nearly 
1500 rods of tile drains since you was here last fall, (in 
Sept.,) and am carrying on farming more thoroughly 
than ever I did; but am warned by age and infirmity 
that I must do less. I fattened 83 head of cattle last 
winter, have sold 62 of them, part in February and 
part in May, at over $50 per head—(steers 4 years old 
last spring.) Eighteen of these I have on hand, and 
they are worth over $50 each. I get well paid for my 
corn, hay, corn stalks &e.; and I have got such a lot 
of rich manure as few men in Western New-York ever 
made in one season.. 
“ Some of my neighbors who said I must be a great 
fool to bury so much money in drains, are now ordering 
tiles, some 2,000, some 5,000, &c. Draining will do 
more to improve the agriculture of (he State than all 
else combined. The difference in the cost of cultivating 
drained land, from that undrained, is very great. 
Drained land can be worked much earlier in spring, and 
the work much easier for man and team. One plowing 
will pulverize the land better than three plowings when 
the land is inclined to wet, even if not very wet. 
T have now laid (or at least have the drains dug, 
though all the tiles not home yet) about 40,000 tiles 
since 1841. What I laid previous to that time I have no 
account of, but it was not many. A little over 13 tiles 
will make a rod, of course, I have laid a great many 
rods for an American farmer. I think I have about 
half done what I intend to do; if I have tolerable 
health, I can, in three years, lay 40,000 tiles, and 
there is no difficulty in obtaining men to dig the drains.” 
“ Mr. J. says :— :c The weevil (wheat midge) has 
made its appearance among our wheat crops, more es¬ 
pecially in the east and north of our county, immedi¬ 
ately in this neighborhood. I think there will be no 
serious loss this season.” 
A letter from John Delafield, Esq., President Seneca 
Ag. Society, gives us the agreeable intelligence that 
the efficient society of that county, have passed a reso¬ 
lution inviting Prof. Johnston to deliver their annual ad¬ 
dress on the 5th of October next. Mr. D. also writes 
that it is probable the society will, if practicable, se¬ 
cure Prof. Johnston to deliver them a course of lectures 
on agriculture. 
[We are much gratified by this movement on the 
