1849 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
371 
Is the new fruit-garden laid out to admit the fu¬ 
ture fencing oft' of the smooth stone-fruit, for enclo¬ 
sing pigs and geese? Remember that these animals 
are the great destroyers of the curculio, and will 
eminently assist all other remedies. 
Have the most delicious sorts been selected? A 
Doyenne or Tyson pear, a Black Eagle or Downton 
cherry, grow as freely in a rich soil and a free air, 
as the most austere and repulsive wildings. Have 
the most productive for market been chosen? Ten 
trees of the Baldwin and Rhode Island Greening will 
yield more than fifty trees of some other sorts. One 
square rod of the Cincinnati Hudson strawberry, 
will sooner fill a half-bushel basket, than twenty 
rods of the British Queen or Myatt’s Eliza. 
Care in these particulars will give us a great ad¬ 
dition to rural comforts. But while the palate is 
gratified, do not forget another and higher kind of 
taste, through the eye, gratified by ornamental and 
shade trees around the dwelling. These have ano¬ 
ther use,—sheltering from severe winds. A friend 
whose house is well surrounded by evergreen trees, 
thinks he saves several cords of fuel in this way in 
each year. Still another motive should induce or¬ 
namental planting. Adding to the comforts and at¬ 
tractions of home, is a strong inducement to pre¬ 
vent boys and young men from seeking amusement 
at the tavern and grog-shop. 
Evergreens for ornamenting grounds about dwel¬ 
lings are well removed in winter, by carrying with 
the roots a large cake of earth, whether frozen or 
unfrozen, (the latter is easiest,) which will almost 
insure the certainty of their growth. 
Hints for the Season. 
Prune orchards—trim hardy grapes—cut grafts, 
they may be very easily and safely preserved in a 
large box of damp moss, or buried wholly in earth, 
protected from contact with it by enclosing in a box 
open below. Young trees which have not been 
banked round the stem, should have the snow trod¬ 
den round them, to guard against mice. Caterpil¬ 
lar’s eggs may be now cut from the young shoots in 
orchards. Marking-labels may be made, stakes 
for stiffening newly transplanted trees, and boxes 
set with glass, for covering early vegetables. Trees 
sent long distances late in autumn, are sometimes 
received frozen, in which case the packing should 
be immediately removed, and the roots before thaw¬ 
ing buried in the earth. A tree frozen out of ground 
will escape injury if thawed beneath the soil; but if 
thawed while exposed to the air, it will perish. 
Market Apples. 
Mr. Editor —Will you please name what you con¬ 
sider the best 20 or 25 sorts of market apples with 
you—planted solely for profit —in which of course the 
vigor and productiveness of the trees must rank among 
the most important characteristics. Let them be divi¬ 
ded as to season about as follows:—6 early, 4 or 6 fall, 
and ten or 12 winter variety, and mostly long keeping. 
F. K. Pi-henix. Delevan, Wisconsin, Oct. 2, 1849. 
Handsome, fair, and productive sorts, constitute at 
present, the most popular for market; quality is u-ually 
a secondary consideration. But with the rapidly in¬ 
creasing knowledge of fruits of delicious flavor, as they 
become disseminated through the country, external ap¬ 
pearance alone will not, in future be regarded as all¬ 
essential. For this reason some are included in the 
following list, of very high flavor, which are not so fair 
and productive as others of second quality. The sorts 
here named are such as have been tested in different 
regions—there may be a few new varieties which future 
trial may prove of equal value. 
Summer Fruit —Early Harvest, Red Astrachan, 
Early Strawberry, Williams’ Favorite, Bough, Goldea 
Sweet. 
Autumn Fruit —Late Strawberry, Gravenstein, 
Porter, Lowell, Haskell Sweet. 
Winter Fruit —Hubbardston Nonsuch, Belmont, 
(or Waxen,) Peck’s Pleasant, for Early Winter—and 
Baldwin, Red Canada, Jonathan, Swaar, Rhode Island 
Greening, Roxbury Russet, Esopus Spitzenburgh, Nor¬ 
thern Spy, Newtown Pippin, with high rich culture for 
the last two named. 
Peaches at the South. 
M. W. Phillips, of Edwards, Miss., gives the 
following list of peaches, known at the north, with 
their times of ripening on his grounds. They are 
taken from some seventy sorts, as being first-rate 
in quality. The list is condensed from the Southern 
Cultivator . 
June 6, Early Tillotson, Serrate Early York 
12, Red Rareripe, Cooledge’s Favorite. 
19, George the Fourth. 
20, Hoffman’s Favorite, White Imperial, 
Crawford’s Early, Poll’s Melocoton. 
June 25, Smooth-leaved Royal George. 
July 2, Walter’s Early. 
5, Oldmixon Cling. 
12, Large White Cling, Red Cheek Meloco. 
ton, Lemon Cling. 
13, Brevoort’s Morris, Bergen’s Yellow, 
Crawford’s Late, Columbia. 
20, Druid Hill. 
28, Monstrous Pavie. 
Sept. 1, Smock Free (best of its season.) 
S. W. Montgomery, of Hinds Co., Miss., fur¬ 
nishes a list with the times of ripening, from which 
the following are selected; all are of fine quality 
but the first. 
May 28, White Nutmeg, (worthless.) 
June 4, Early Tillotson. 
6, Serrate Early York. 
12, Burgess’ Beauty. 
15, Cole’s Early Red, (good.) 
18, White Imperial. 
20, Crawford’s Early, Malta- 
July 2, Walter’s Early. 
8, Large White Cling. 
12, Red Cheek Melocoton. 
18, Druid Hill. 
28, Monstrous Pavie. 
Coloring Blue. —An exchange gives the following 
directions for a simple blue dye, ready for use at all 
times: “ Put one ounce of pulverized indigo into three 
ounces of oil of vitriol. The bottle should not be more 
than one-third full, as it sometimes ferments. Let it 
stand at least two weeks, the older the better. Shake 
it well once a day for a week or more; if too thick, 
add water. This mixture, with warm water and alum, 
will color any shade of blue in five minutes.” 
Consumption of Timber. —Sinclair, in his 
Code of Agriculture, states that a 74 gun ship re¬ 
quires 3,000 loads of wood, the produce of 50 acres 
of heavily timbered land. 
0“ To cause an abundance of grass, is the foun¬ 
dation of all good husbandry, and should be the first 
and last object of every one who desires to be a suc¬ 
cessful and prosperous farmer. 
